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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What makes up a balanced diet?
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Should contain carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins,mineral salts and fibre. In correct proportions.
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What are the effects of malnutrition?
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starvation, coronary heart disease, constipation and obesity.
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Define ingestion.
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Taking substances into the body through the mouth.
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Define egestion.
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The passing out of food that has not been digested.
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What are the main regions of the alimentary canal and and the associated organs?
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Mouth, salivary glands, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, duodenum and ileum, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, large intestine, colon and rectum, anus.
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Define digestion.
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The break-down of large , insoluble food molecules into small, water-soluble molecules using mechanical and chemical processes.
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What are the types of human teeth and their function?
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Incisors: cutting teeth, canine: tearing and shredding, premolars: chewing the food, molars: chewing and grinding food.
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What are the causes of dental decay?
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A combination of bacteria and food that build plaque on your teeth.
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What is the significance of chemical digestion in the alimentary canal?
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Produces small, soluble molecules that can be absorbed
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What is the role of bile in emulsifying fats?
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To increase the surface area for the action of enzymes.
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Where is amylase secreted?
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In the pancreas and salivary glands.
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Where is protease secreted?
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In the pancreas.
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Where is lipase secreted?
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In the pancreas.
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What is the function of amylase?
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In the saliva in the mouth to digest food.
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What is the function of protease?
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Used to digest food in the stomach and small intestine.
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What is the function of lipase?
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Breaks down lipids.
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Define absorbtion.
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The movement of digested food molecules through the wall of the intestine into the blood.
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What is the significance of villi?
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To increase the internal surface area of the small intestine.
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What is the small intestine?
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The region for the absorption of digested food.
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Describe the strucuture of a villus.
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They are finger like structures that help digest food in the small intestine.
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Describe the role of the liver in the metabolism of glucose.
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It turns glucose--> glycogen.
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