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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The statement that accurately describes the goal of any inpection program is ___
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a fire that does not occur is the one that is most easily controlled
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Enabling legislation, define
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legislation that gives appropriate officials the authority to implent or enforce the law
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What is the NFPA standard for professional qualifications for fire inspector and plan examiner
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NFPA 1031
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What is a cease and desist order
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court order prohibiting a person or business form continueing a particular course of conduct
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An inspector that is certified to the level II must be able to perform which duties
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- interpret and apply adopted codes and standards
- determine the occupancy loads for multi use buildings - testify at legal proceedings - perform plans reviews - apply fire and life safety codes requirements to complex situations - evaluate code compliance in the manufacture, storage and use of flammable and combustible liquids, gases , and haz mat |
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Name the categories of inspections
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- annual
- issuance of a permit - response to a complaint - eminent hazard - new construction - change in occupancy - owner, occupant request |
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What is the difference between state/provincial laws and local laws and ordinances
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local laws and ordinances, although sometimes based on state laws, are more specific and tailored toward the exact needs of a particular county, municipality or fire protection district
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What is a stop work, or a cease and desist order
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a court order prohibiting a person or business from continuing a particular course of conduct
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True or False
Inspectors do not have to stated the reason for inspection |
false
inspectors must stated the reason for inspection |
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True or False
Inspectors must be easily identifiable with credentials prominently displayed or immidiately available for review |
true
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Federal laws concerning inspections include the following topics
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- employee safety
- transportation of hazardous materials - patient safety in health care facilities - accessiblity for handicapped citizens - minimum housing standards |
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In addition to enforcing selected federal laws, what other laws to states enforce
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state laws
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Enabling legislation defines ___
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the extent and limitations of the departments authority
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Public inspectors must be aware of what concerning insurance requirements
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some of them are more aimed at protecting property than concern for life safety
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What are discretionary acts
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acts involving actions inpectors consider necessary to fulfill their responsibilities
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Define indemnity
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One party agreeing to compensate another party for losses or damages that are incurred if specific acitons or events occur
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To indemnify the inspector means ___
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the AHJ assumes the responsiblity for any claims against the individual
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Define duty to inspect clause
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the clause charge the inpector with total enforcement. The code is applied equally to all applicable occupancies in a given jurisdiction
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From a liability standpoint, is it better to less, more thorough inpections or more frequent, less complete inspections
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less inspections, more thorough and complete
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Define AHJ
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Authority Having Jurisdiction
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Define standard as in reference to inspections
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a set of principles, protocols and procedures that is developed by committees through a consensus process
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Define code in reference to inspections
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a collection or compilation of rules and regs enacted by a legislative body to become law in a particular jurisdiction
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What is a prescriptive based (aka specification based) code/standard
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stipulates in details the types of materials that can be used and how they must be assembled (concerning building and fire code)
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What is a performance based code
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describes an acceptable level of performance that assembly, material, or system must meet without specifically stating how the item is assembled
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Which one of these provides cost effective protection based on the actual hazard -
prescriptive based code performance based code |
performance based code
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Define consensus standard
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a document that a committee of industry experts developed and agreed upon before adoption
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Name three organizations that develop national consensus standards that relate to fire and life safety
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- National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA)
- ASTM international (American Society for Tesing and Materials) - Underwriters Laboratories (UL) |
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NFPA 1
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uniform fire code
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NFPA 13
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standard for the installation of sprinklers
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NFPA 14
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standard for the installation of standpipe and hose systems
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NFPA 101
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life safety code
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NFPA 704
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standard system for the ID of Haz Mat for emergency response
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NFPA 1031
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standard for professional qualifications for fire inpector and plan examiner
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NFPA 5000
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building construction and safety code
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UL 260
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standard for dry pipe and deluge valves for fire-protection services
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UL 299
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dry chemical fire extinguishers
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Define Model Code
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used describe a set of requirements similar to a standard
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Codes and standards are only enforceable when the ___ adopts them
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AHJ
(authority having jurisdiction) |
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Do some facilities have to meet the requirements of multiple codes?
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yes
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An inspector should constantly monitor code provisions enacted at ___ levels of government
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all
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Define fire door
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Specificallly constructed, tested, an approved fire rated door assembly designed and installed to prevent fire spread
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Define fire wall
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wall with a specified degree of fire resistance that is designed to prevent the spread of fire within a structure or between adjacent structures
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True or False
Codes can be modified |
true
certain circumstances do call for code modification |
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Define model codes
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codes based on a consensus of expert opinions
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Local code will often adopt ___ codes
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model codes
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Anytime a new code or amendment is proposed, what group is included in its development
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stakeholders
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Define stakeholders concerning code amendment
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stakeholders are composed of all individuals who are affected by the code itself
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Those most often identified as stakeholders are ___
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- insurance industry
- elected officials - building industry - chamber of commerce - citizen groups |
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When fire and safety code officials determine that a nw code is needed, what should be formed?
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a code development team, or task force
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The order in which code enforcement upon an individual takes place
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- notification, sometimes referred to as a citation or a liability notice
- follow up inspection - sanction - prosecution |
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Define permit
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an official document that grants a property owner or other party permission to perform a specific activity
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Name the five typical permits listed in the IFSTA
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1 maintenance, storage or use of haz mat
2 hazardous operations or processes 3 installation/operation of equipment in connection with hazardous operations, maintenance, and storage 4 open burning 5 large area tents |
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What does ANSI stand for
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American National Standard Institute
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What does ANSI do?
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ANSI ensures access to the standards process is made available to anyone directly or materially affected by a standard that is under development
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One serious drawback to using wood for construction
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is the combustibility
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What are glulam beams?
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strips of small wood laminated together to make a larger beam
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What are the two main methods of fire retardant treatment of wood
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impregnation and surface coating
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What is a common use of fire retardent treated plywood
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sheathing for roofs in multi family dwellings
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What are two disadvantages of building with steel
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rust, and how much it weakens when its been exposed to heat
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What is the most common way to protect steel in a fire resistive building
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through the use of a insulating material such as lath and plaster, multiple layers of gypsum board, sprayed on cement like coating, mineral and fiberboards
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How is fire rated glass rated
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minutes of resistance to fire
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Where are type X and C gypsum board used
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Used in fire rated assemblies
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What is a cantilever roof
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roof structure wxtending from the edge of the building, which is anchored only at one end
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What is a parapet wall
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walls that extend above the roof of a structure for appearan ce purposes
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What is a live load
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items within a building that are movable but are NOT included as a permanent part of the structure. Examples are addition of people, objects or weather
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What is a fire cut
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cut in wood joists where the joist meets a masonry wall. This allows wook components attached to masonry walls to fall away from the wall under fire conditions without causing the wall to collapse
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Walls constructed with fire rated materials can have fire ratings of ___
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2 to 4 hours
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Walls that have a thickness of ___ inches or more have an inherently high degree of fire resistance
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18 inches or more
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What does the presence of a thrust plate indicate?
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that the building has undergone repairs to its structural integrity
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What is a thrust plate
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steel plate located on the exterior of a masonry building to which a tension rod is anchored
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In heavy timber construction columns are not less than _ x _ inches and beams (except roof beams) are not less than _ x _ inches
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8x8 for columns
6x10 for beams |
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What is the most popular form of wood construction?
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light wood framing
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What is unique about balloon framing
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the studs are conitinuous from the sill to the top plate of the roof line
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Openings in masonry walls are usually one of three styles. Name them
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lintel, arch, corbelling
(LAC) |
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Typical brick wall construction terminology
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course - bricks laid side by side in a horizontal layer
wythe - horizontal courses of bricks laid on top of each other stretcher - when bricks are laid flat, end to end soldier - when the bricks are vertically on end header - bricks laid flat across the top of a wall being used to bond two wythes |
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Define mushroom capital
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flaring conical head ona concrete column
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Define drop panel
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thickened concret panel that extends a minimum of 4 inches in all directions from the top of a column to provide support for the concrete slab
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Define flat plate
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plain floor slab about 8 inches thick that rests on columns spaced up to 22 feet apart
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Define corbel
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bracket or ledge made of stone, wood, brick or other building material protecting from the face of a wall or column used to support a beam, cornice or arch
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Define fire walls
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in place to limit the maximum spread of fire. Rated in hours, maximum rating for building code is 4 hours
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Define party walls
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a wall that lies on a lot line between two buildings and is common to both buildings.
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Are party walls load bearing?
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almost always
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Define fire partitions and fire barriers
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interior walls used to subdivide a floor or area of a building but do not qualify as a fire walls
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Define enclosure and shaft walls
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these walls are used to encompass vertical openings such as stairwells, elevator shafts and pipe chases that extend from floor to floor
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Are enclosure walls load bearing?
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no
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Define curtain walls (sometimes known as cladding)
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this wall is used to seperate the interior environment from the exterior environment
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Are curtain walls load bearing?
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no
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Name three categories of roof contruction
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flat
pitched curved |
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Name 3 methods of classifying fire doors
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1 hourly protection rating
2 alphbetical letter designation 3 combination of hour and letter |
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How does and inpector determine a doors fire rating?
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look for the labels
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Are fire rated walls and fire rated doors always interconnected?
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yes
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What is a steiner tunnel test
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a test that determines the flame spread rating of a material
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List the components of a HVAC system (heating, ventilating and air conditioning system)
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- outside air intakes
- fans - air filtration devices - air heating and cooling equipment - air ducts |
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Why do fire escapes pose a high level of danger?
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because their structural soundness may be suspect and they may fail when put into service. They are subject to outside environment and only supported via anchor points to the outside of the building
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What is a smoke developed rating
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a measure of the relative visual obscurity created by the smoke from a tested material
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In what ways does interior finish contribute to the behavior of fire
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- affects the rate of fire growth to flashover
- adds to the intensity of a fire because it contributes fuel - produces smoke and toxic gases - contributes to fire extension by flame spread over its surface |
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What is more rigid -
fire door testing fire wall testing |
fire wall testing
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How are fire doors tested
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in a furnace exposing the fire doors to the same time and temperature curve used to establish the fire resistance rating of structural assemblies
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