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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Green Wood |
Wood with high moisture content. |
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Oriented Strand Board (OSB) |
wooden structural panel formed by gluing and compressing wood strands together under pressure. This has replaced plywood and planking in the majority of construction applications. Roof decks, walls, and subfloors are all commonly made of OSB. |
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Masonry |
Bricks, blocks, stones, and unreinforced and reinforced concrete products. |
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Veneer Walls |
Walls with a surface layer of attractive material laid over a base of common material |
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Spalling |
When excess moisture in masonry are exposed to the heat, resulting in tensile forces within the material, and causing it to break apart. The expansion causes sections of the material’s surface to violently disintegrate, resulting in explosive pitting or chipping of the material’s surface. |
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Lightweight Steel Truss |
Structural support made from a long steel bar that is bent at a 90-degree angle with flat or angular pieces welded to the top and bottom. |
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Curtain Wall |
nonload-bearing wall, often of glass and steel, fixed to the outside of a building and serving especially as cladding |
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Rebar |
reinforcing bar. These steel bars are placed in concrete forms before the cement is poured. When the concrete sets (hardens) the rebar within it adds considerable strength. |
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Types of Insulation |
asbestos, Fiberglass, Urea Formaldehyde Foam Insulation, mineral wool, cellulose, cotton, straw, Foam. |
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Hybrid Construction |
Type of building construction that uses renewable, environmentally friendly or recycled materials. Also known as Natural or Green Construction. |
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composite materials |
Manufactured by combining two or more distinctly different materials. Results in lightweight materials with high structural strength, resistance to chemical wear, corrosion resistant, and heat resistance. Materials are cost effective and fairly easy to manufacture. |
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Protected Steel |
Steel structural members that are covered with either a fire resistant spray-on fire proofing (an insulating barrier) or fully encased in an Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL) tested and approved system. |
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Type I construction |
AKA fire-resistive construction) provides the highest level of protection from fire development and spread as well as collapse . All structural members are composed of noncombustible or limited-combustible materials with a high fire-resistive rating. Structural components such as walls, floors, and ceilings must be able to resist fire for a period of 3 to 4 hours depending on the component. |
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Type II construction |
noncombstble or limtd- combustbl constructn) are composed of materials that will NOT CONTRIBUTE TO FIRE DEVELOPMENT OR SPREAD. Noncombustible materials that don't meet the stricter requirmnts of those mats used in the Type I classif. 1/2 the fire resist rating abt 1-2 hrs |
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Type III construction |
AKA ord construct is commonly found in older schools and mercantile, business, and residential structures. requires that exterior walls and structural members be constructed of noncombustible materials. Interior walls, columns, beams, floors, and roofs are completely or partially constructed of wood. |
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Fire-Resistance Rating |
Rating assigned to a material or assembly after standardized testing by an independent testing organization; identifies the amount of time a material or assembly will resista typical fire, as measured on a standard time-temp curve |
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Fire Stop |
Solid materials, such as wood blocks, used to prevent or limit the vertical and horizontal spread of fire and the products of combustion in hollow walls or floors, above false ceilings, in penetrations for plumbing or electrical installations, in penetrations of a fire-rated assembly, or in cocklofts and crawl spaces. |
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Type IV construction |
AKA heavy timber/mill constr is characterized by the use of large-dimensioned lumber. generally greater than 8 inches in dia/fire-resist. rating of 2 hours. The dimensions of all structural elements, including columns, beams, joists, and girders must adhere to minimum dimension sizing. Any other materials used in constru and not composed of wood must have a fire-resistance rating of at least 1 hour |
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Type V construction |
AKA wood frame or stick frame The exterior load-bearing walls are composed entirely of wood. A veneer of stucco, brick, or stone may be constructed over the wood framing. The veneer offers the appearance of a Type III construction but little additional fire protection or structural support to the structure. most common is a single-family dwelling or residence, but many multistory Type V construct apartmnt. buildgs |
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Load-Bearing Wall ` |
walls carry some part of structural load of buildg towards ground or base |
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Single use |
must meet buildg code reqs for intended use i.e. office buildg for business occupancy classifctn |
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Separated Use |
structures that contain mult occupancies or groups must meet reqs for each indiv occupancy classif |
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non-load-bearing wall |
usually interior wall that supports its own weight |
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Partition wall |
interior nonload-bearing wall separates a space into rooms |
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Fire wall |
extends from foundation through roof of buildg designed to limit fire spread within structure or adj structures specific degree of fire resist built of fire-resistv mats |
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party wall |
a load-bearing wall shared by two adjacent structures |
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parapet |
a low wall at roof's edge portion of exterior walls of a buildg that extends above the roof |
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ridge |
horizontal line at the junction of the top edges of two sloping roof surfaces (typical single-family home roof style) |
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eave |
edge of pitched roof that overhangs an outside wall fire can enter attic through vents in eaves |
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beams (roofs) |
the sections of lumber located directly beneath the roof decking (in attic) |
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rafter |
inclined beam that supports roor, runs parallel to roof's slope, and to which the roof decking is attached |
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gusset plates |
metal or wood used to connect/strengthen joints of 2+ separate components (truss componts) into a load-bearing unit |
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parallel chord truss |
constructed from parallel top/bottom chords used as floors joists in multistory buildgs and as celing joists in buildgs w/flat roofs |
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joists |
horizontal structural members supporting a ceiling or floor drywall affixed to ceiling joists, floor boards affixed to floor joists |
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lightweight wood truss |
structural supports constructed of 2x3s or 2x4s connected by gusset plates |
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purlin |
horizontal member between trusses that support the roof
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Type I |
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Type II |
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Type IV |
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type V |
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type III |
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cockloft |
concealed space between top floor and roof |
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dead load |
total weight of building and components attached, permanent, immobile |
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rain roof |
2nd roof constructed over existing roof |
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live load |
non-permanent parts of structure: merchandise, occupants, H2O force placed on structure by addition of pax, objects, H2O or wx |
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means of egress |
cont unobstructed exit from anywhere in buildg to public way 3 parts: exit access, exit, exit discharge |
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structural collapse |
structural failure of a buildg from fire, snow, wind, water or damage from other forces |
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balloon frame construction |
constructn method using long continus studs running from sill plate (at foundatn) to roof eave line all intermedte floor structures are attached to studs needs long lumber, has little fire stopping with wall cavity |
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platform frame construction |
floor assembly creates an individ platform that rests on foundation 1Flr high wall assemblies placed on this platform a 2nd platform rests on top of the wall unit each platform creates fire stops at each floor level limiting spread of fire in wall cavity |
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balloon frame vs platform frame construction |
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