Ifsta 6 Wfa Ch. 16 Fire Streams

Front 1

Characteristics of water that make it valuable for fire extinguishment include:

Back 1

A. low coefficient of friction.
B. a single application method.
C. a greater heat-absorbing capacity than other agents.
D. an ability to change to steam with little energy required.

Hint 1

C. a greater heat-absorbing capacity than other agents.

Front 2

The primary way water extinguishes fire is by:

Back 2

A. absorbing heat.
B. excluding oxygen.
C. saturating dry fuel.
D. neutralizing the chemical reaction.

Hint 2

A. absorbing heat.

Front 3

The energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree is called:

Back 3

A. Specific Heat.
B. British Thermal Unit (Joule).
C. Latent Heat of Vaporization.
D. Standard International Heat Unit.

Hint 3

A. Specific Heat.

Front 4

Latent Heat of Vaporization is:

Back 4

A. the temperature at which a substance turns to steam.
B. the temperature at which the rate of vaporization begins to decrease.
C. the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree.
D. the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a vapor without temperature change.

Hint 4

D. the amount of heat required to convert a unit mass of a liquid into a vapor without temperature change.

Front 5

As water is vaporized into steam, it expands approximately ____ its original volume.

Back 5

A. 700 times
B. 1,000 times
C. 1,700 times
D. 2,200 times

Hint 5

C. 1,700 times

Front 6

Which statement about water streams is MOST accurate?

Back 6

A. Water in a solid stream absorbs heat more rapidly.
B. A solid stream has greater surface area to absorb heat.
C. A stream broken into small droplets has a greater surface area.
D. A stream broken into small droplets absorbs heat less efficiently.

Hint 6

C. A stream broken into small droplets has a greater surface area.

Front 7

Which of the following statements about vaporization and steam is MOST accurate?

Back 7

A. Steam produced in the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases may cause the upper layer to expand downward.
B. Steam produced on contact with hot surfaces is more likely to result in complete vaporization of the fire stream.
C. Steam produced in the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases will cause the upper layer to contract toward the ceiling.
D. Steam produced on contact with hot surfaces has little effect on the total volume of the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases.

Hint 7

C. Steam produced in the upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases will cause the upper layer to contract toward the ceiling.

Front 8

Which of the following statements about friction loss is MOST accurate?

Back 8

A. Friction increases pressure at the nozzle.
B. The larger the hose, the higher the friction loss.
C. Friction has little effect on the rate of water flow.
D. The longer the hose lay, the higher the friction loss.

Hint 8

D. The longer the hose lay, the higher the friction loss.

Front 9

The loss of water pressure in a hoseline is the most common example of:

Back 9

A. breakover.
B. friction loss.
C. vaporization.
D. water hammer.

Hint 9

B. friction loss.

Front 10

Friction loss may be overcome by:

Back 10

A. curving the hoseline.
B. decreasing hose size.
C. increasing pump pressure.
D. inserting in-line gauges in the layout.

Hint 10

C. increasing pump pressure.

Front 11

Which of the following statements about water pressure is MOST accurate?

Back 11

A. Gravity has little effect on nozzle pressure.
B. If the nozzle is above the fire pump, nozzle pressure is decreased.
C. If the nozzle is below the fire pump, nozzle pressure is decreased.
D. Adjusting pump pressure has little effect in overcoming elevation loss/gain.

Hint 11

B. If the nozzle is above the fire pump, nozzle pressure is decreased.

Front 12

Which of the following statements about water hammer is MOST accurate?

Back 12

A. The effects of water hammer are greater at lower flow rates.
B. Water hammer is caused by air and turbulence in hose lines.
C. Water hammer creates a startling noise, but no real damage.
D. Water hammer can damage water mains, plumbing, fire hose, hydrants, and fire pumps.

Hint 12

D. Water hammer can damage water mains, plumbing, fire hose, hydrants, and fire pumps.

Front 13

To prevent water hammer:

Back 13

A. use ball valve controls.
B. bleed air from hoselines.
C. flush debris from nozzles.
D. close control valves slowly.

Hint 13

D. close control valves slowly.

Front 14

A fire stream is a stream of water or extinguishing agent after it:

Back 14

A. is fully vaporized by the heat of the fire.
B. comes in contact with the desired target.
C. is pressurized by the pump and passes into the fire hose.
D. leaves the fire hose nozzle until it reaches the desired target.

Hint 14

D. leaves the fire hose nozzle until it reaches the desired target.

Front 15

Which of the following is a factor that may affect a fire stream?

Back 15

A. Steam conversion rate
B. Location of control zones
C. Compartment temperature
D. Wind direction and velocity

Hint 15

D. Wind direction and velocity

Front 16

Which of the following BEST describes a use of a fire stream?

Back 16

A. Scattering heavy weight fuel loads
B. Dispersing hot smoke and fire gases from a heated area
C. Creating a protective curtain between bystanders and fire personnel
D. Pressure-washing soot and debris from apparatus and equipment

Hint 16

B. Dispersing hot smoke and fire gases from a heated area

Front 17

Which of the following statements about fire streams is MOST accurate?

Back 17

A. The type of nozzle determines the critical flow rate.
B. The relief valve influences the reach of a fire stream.
C. Hydrant pressure determines the shape of the fire stream.
D. The size of the nozzle opening and the nozzle pressure determine the quantity of water flowing from the nozzle.

Hint 17

D. The size of the nozzle opening and the nozzle pressure determine the quantity of water flowing from the nozzle.

Front 18

Fire stream pattern types are defined by the specific pattern or shape of the water after it leaves the nozzle and the size of the:

Back 18

A. type of apparatus generating the nozzle pressure.
B. volume of water flowing from the nozzle per minute.
C. water source that is used for the specific fire stream.
D. specific type of fuel that the fire stream is being used on.

Hint 18

B. volume of water flowing from the nozzle per minute.

Front 19

Which of the following BEST describes the rate of discharge of a low-volume stream?

Back 19

A. Less than 40 gpm (160 L/m)
B. 40 to 350 gpm (160 L/m to 1 400 L/m)
C. 100 to 250 gpm (380 L/m to 950 L/m)
D. More than 350 gpm (1 400 L/min)

Hint 19

A. Less than 40 gpm (160 L/m)

Front 20

Which size fire stream flows 40 to 350 gpm (160 L/min to 1 400 L/min)?

Back 20

A. Master stream
B. Handline stream
C. Low-volume stream
D. High-volume stream

Hint 20

B. Handline stream

Front 21

Which of the following hoseline sizes are used to supply a handline stream?

Back 21

A. 1½- to 3-inch (38 mm to 77 mm) hoselines
B. 2½- to 3-inch (65 mm to 77 mm) hoselines
C. 3½ - to 5-inch (88 mm to 125 mm) hoselines
D. ¾-inch (20 mm), 1-inch (25 mm), or 1½-inch (38 mm) hoselines

Hint 21

A. 1½- to 3-inch (38 mm to 77 mm) hoselines

Front 22

Which stream is created by apparatus-mounted appliances?

Back 22

A. Master stream
B. Handline stream
C. Low-volume stream
D. High-volume stream

Hint 22

A. Master stream

Front 23

To extinguish by cooling, the fire stream must:

Back 23

A. be fully vaporized into steam.
B. fully saturate the fuel source.
C. absorb heat faster than fire generates heat.
D. absorb over 50 percent of heat generated by the fire.

Hint 23

C. absorb heat faster than fire generates heat.

Front 24

Which of the following statements about fire stream types is MOST accurate?

Back 24

A. The pattern type must be correctly matched to the pattern size.
B. The pattern must supply at least 50 percent of the critical flow rate.
C. The pattern must be compact enough for the water to reach the burning material.
D. The pattern must maintain its shape at least 50 percent of the reach of the fire stream.

Hint 24

C. The pattern must be compact enough for the water to reach the burning material.

Front 25

Which fire stream pattern is produced by a fixed orifice, smooth bore nozzle?

Back 25

A. Fog-stream
B. Solid stream
C. Broken-stream
D. Straight stream

Hint 25

B. Solid stream

Front 26

Which nozzle produces a compact stream with little shower or spray?

Back 26

A. Cellar nozzle
B. Piercing nozzle
C. Smooth bore nozzle
D. Constant gallonage fog nozzle

Hint 26

C. Smooth bore nozzle

Front 27

How may gravity, friction of air, and wind act on a solid fire stream?

Back 27

A. They may alter the rate of vaporization.
B. They may decrease the reach of the stream.
C. They may make the stream more conductive to electricity.
D. They may cause the steam to remain compact for too long.

Hint 27

B. They may decrease the reach of the stream.

Front 28

Which of the following fire stream patterns produces less steam conversion and less heat absorption per gallon (liter)?

Back 28

A. Fog-stream
B. Solid stream
C. Broken-stream
D. Straight stream

Hint 28

B. Solid stream

Front 29

Which of the following statements about fire streams is MOST accurate?

Back 29

A. Solid streams are more likely to conduct electricity.
B. Fog-streams are less affected by wind than are solid streams.
C. Broken-streams have less reach and penetration than fog- streams.
D. Wide angle fog patterns have the greater forward velocity than other patterns.

Hint 29

A. Solid streams are more likely to conduct electricity.

Front 30

Additional personnel will be required to safely handle smooth bore nozzles at nozzle pressures greater than:

Back 30

A. 50 psi (350 kPa).
B. 65 psi (450 kPa).
C. 75 psi (525 kPa).
D. 100 psi (700 kPa).

Hint 30

B. 65 psi (450 kPa).

Front 31

Which of the following BEST describes a fog-stream?

Back 31

A. A semi-solid stream
B. A compact stream with little shower or spray
C. A fine spray composed of tiny water droplets
D. A fire stream broken into coarsely divided droplets

Hint 31

C. A fine spray composed of tiny water droplets

Front 32

Which of the following fire stream patterns can be used for hydraulic ventilation?

Back 32

A. Fog-stream
B. Solid stream
C. Broken-stream
D. Straight stream

Hint 32

A. Fog-stream

Front 33

Which of the following statements about fog-streams is MOST accurate?

Back 33

A. Fog-streams may be used to cool the hot fire gas layer.
B. Fog-streams have the greatest reach of all fire streams.
C. Fog-streams are less affected by wind than are other streams.
D. Fog-steams have greater reach and penetration than broken-streams.

Hint 33

A. Fog-streams may be used to cool the hot fire gas layer.

Front 34

Which of the following fire stream patterns is usually produced by a fog nozzle?

Back 34

A. Solid stream
B. Cellar stream
C. Broken-stream
D. Straight stream

Hint 34

D. Straight stream

Front 35

Which of the following stream patterns is used to extinguish fires in attics, cocklofts, basements, and other confined spaces?

Back 35

A. Solid stream
B. Cellar stream
C. Broken-stream
D. Straight stream

Hint 35

C. Broken-stream

Front 36

Which statement about broken-streams is MOST accurate?

Back 36

A. A broken-stream has less reach and penetration than a fog- stream.
B. Broken-streams may have sufficient continuity to conduct electricity.
C. The effects of a broken-stream cannot be created by another stream type.
D. Coarse droplets absorb less heat per gallon (liter) than a solid stream does.

Hint 36

B. Broken-streams may have sufficient continuity to conduct electricity.

Front 37

Which statement about fire stream limiting factors is MOST accurate?

Back 37

A. Gravity causes fire streams to separate and lose shape.
B. Surface tension can cause fire streams to overshoot the target.
C. Friction with air has greater effect on solid streams than on fog- streams.
D. Fire streams have an effective forward velocity of 40 to 60 feet per second (12.2 to 18.3 meters per second).

Hint 37

A. Gravity causes fire streams to separate and lose shape.

Front 38

In actual operation, fire stream angles between ___ provide maximum reach.

Back 38

A. 15 to 19 degrees
B. 20 to 24 degrees
C. 30 to 34 degrees
D. 45 to 49 degrees

Hint 38

C. 30 to 34 degrees

Front 39

Which of the following nozzle categories was established by NFPA® 1963, Standard for Fire Hose Connections?

Back 39

A. Bresnan
B. Piercing
C. Rockwood
D. Straight tip

Hint 39

D. Straight tip

Front 40

Which of the following statements about fire steam nozzles is most accurate?

Back 40

A. Fog nozzles do little to shape the fire stream.
B. Smooth bore and fog nozzles are used only on handlines.
C. Broken-stream delivery devices are used to apply water in confined spaces.
D. Smooth bore nozzles are designed to give water a fan shape before discharge.

Hint 40

C. Broken-stream delivery devices are used to apply water in confined spaces.

Front 41

Which of the following statements about smooth bore nozzles is MOST accurate?

Back 41

A. Smooth bore nozzles operate at high nozzle pressures.
B. Smooth bore nozzles are very prone to clogging with debris.
C. Hoselines may kink as smooth bore nozzles use less pressure.
D. Smooth bore nozzles may be adjusted, resulting in different patterns.

Hint 41

C. Hoselines may kink as smooth bore nozzles use less pressure.

Front 42

Which of the following statements about fog nozzles is MOST accurate?

Back 42

A. Fog nozzles cannot be used to apply foam.
B. Fog nozzles must be turned off before flow can be adjusted.
C. Fog nozzles do not allow selection of different stream patterns.
D. Fog nozzles can provide protection to firefighters with a wide fog pattern.

Hint 42

D. Fog nozzles can provide protection to firefighters with a wide fog pattern.

Front 43

Which of the following types of fog nozzles provides a constant discharge rate throughout a range of patterns?

Back 43

A. Basic
B. Constant pressure
C. Constant gallonage
D. Constant/select gallonage

Hint 43

C. Constant gallonage

Front 44

Which statement about constant-pressure fog nozzles is MOST accurate?

Back 44

A. The operator can vary the flow rate while maintaining constant nozzle pressure.
B. The operator can vary flow rate but must also change the nozzle pressure.
C. Constant-pressure fog nozzles for handlines are only designed for low-flow rates.
D. Constant-pressure fog nozzles are reliable when the operating pressure is less than 100 psi (700 kPa).

Hint 44

A. The operator can vary the flow rate while maintaining constant nozzle pressure.

Front 45

Which of the following is a characteristic of nozzles designed to operate at pressures less than 100 psi (700 kPa)?

Back 45

A. Have more nozzle reaction
B. Produce droplets of smaller size
C. Produce lower-density fog patterns
D. Produce fire streams with greater velocity

Hint 45

C. Produce lower-density fog patterns

Front 46

Which type of nozzle can be used to effectively control fires in concealed spaces?

Back 46

A. Piercing
B. Stacked tip
C. Smooth bore
D. Adjustable fog (xx)

Hint 46

A. Piercing

Front 47

Which of the following statements about cellar nozzles is MOST accurate?

Back 47

A. Cellar nozzle standards are established by NFPA® 1963.
B. Cellar nozzles can be used to apply compressed air foam.
C. Cellar nozzles are driven into place with a mallet, sledge hammer, or flathead axe.
D. Cellar nozzles are lowered into confined spaces through a hole cut in an overhead surface.

Hint 47

D. Cellar nozzles are lowered into confined spaces through a hole cut in an overhead surface.

Front 48

When used with a smooth bore nozzle, a nozzle control valve that causes turbulence when partially open which can affect the quality of a fire stream is the:

Back 48

A. ball valve.
B. slide valve.
C. standpipe valve.
D. rotary control valve.

Hint 48

A. ball valve.

Front 49

Which of the following nozzle control valves also controls the discharge pattern of the fire stream?

Back 49

A. Ball valve
B. Slide valve
C. Standpipe valve
D. Rotary control valve

Hint 49

D. Rotary control valve

Front 50

Which of the following statements about slide valves is MOST accurate?

Back 50

A. Slide valves permit water to flow without creating turbulence.
B. Slide valves use an exterior barrel guided by a screw and sliding along an interior barrel.
C. Slide valves control both the flow of water and the discharge pattern of the fire stream.
D. Slide valves use a ball with a smooth waterway that rotates 90 degrees to control the flow of water.

Hint 50

A. Slide valves permit water to flow without creating turbulence.

Front 51

Which of the following statements about smooth bore nozzle reaction is MOST accurate?

Back 51

A. Lean backward to control nozzle as action increases.
B. Nozzle valves should be opened slowly to minimize water hammer.
C. Increasing discharge pressure and flow rate increases nozzle reaction.
D. Additional personnel are required for operating smooth bore nozzles on all hoselines.

Hint 51

C. Increasing discharge pressure and flow rate increases nozzle reaction.

Front 52

Which of the following statements about operating fog nozzles on handlines is MOST accurate?

Back 52

A. Fog nozzle flow rates may be adjusted quickly with no nozzle reaction.
B. Adjustable fog nozzles must be turned off for the operator to adjust the flow.
C. As the fog pattern widens, the nozzle reaction decreases and the nozzle is easier to handle.
D. Fog nozzles are more difficult to handle than smooth bore nozzles.

Hint 52

C. As the fog pattern widens, the nozzle reaction decreases and the nozzle is easier to handle.

Front 53

Which of the following statements about maintaining nozzles is MOST accurate?

Back 53

A. Nozzles should be inspected after each use, and at least weekly.
B. Nozzles should be stored with the control bale in the open position.
C. Nozzles should be thoroughly cleaned once per year with soap, water, and a soft bristle brush.
D. Maintenance, care and cleaning should be performed according to manufacturer’s recommendations.

Hint 53

D. Maintenance, care and cleaning should be performed according to manufacturer’s recommendations.

Front 54

Which action of fire fighting foam creates a barrier between the fuel and the fire?

Back 54

A. Cooling
B. Aerating
C. Separating
D. Penetrating

Hint 54

C. Separating

Front 55

Foam lowers surface tension of water, allowing it to ___ fires in Class A materials.

Back 55

A. cool
B. smother
C. suppress
D. penetrate

Hint 55

D. penetrate

Front 56

Class A foam extinguishes and/or prevents ignition by:

Back 56

A. allowing water to penetrate fuels.
B. creating a barrier between the fuel and the fire.
C. preventing air from reaching the fuel or mixing with vapors.
D. lowering the temperature of the fuel and adjacent surfaces.

Hint 56

A. allowing water to penetrate fuels.

Front 57

Which of the following statements about fire fighting foams is MOST accurate?

Back 57

A. The majority of fire fighting foams are Class A and Class K.
B. Class A foam is especially effective on hydrocarbon fuels and polar solvents.
C. Foam works by forming a blanket of foam on the surface of burning liquid and solid fuels.
D. Foam works by increasing the surface tension of water, making fire streams more cohesive to reach a greater distance.

Hint 57

C. Foam works by forming a blanket of foam on the surface of burning liquid and solid fuels.

Front 58

When applied to solid fuels, Class A foam blankets the fuel, controls flames, then:

Back 58

A. changes the pH of the water.
B. expands at a ratio of 20-to-1.
C. dissipates into the air, leaving no residue.
D. breaks down, releasing water to cool the fuel.

Hint 58

D. breaks down, releasing water to cool the fuel.

Front 59

Class B foams are especially effective on:

Back 59

A. wildland and brush fires.
B. unignited hazardous liquids.
C. fires of ordinary combustibles.
D. hydrocarbon fuels and polar solvents.

Hint 59

D. hydrocarbon fuels and polar solvents.

Front 60

Which of the following statements about fire fighting foams is MOST accurate

Back 60

A. Proper aeration produces bubbles in a variety of sizes.
B. Air is added to the foam solution by chemical reaction.
C. Air is added to the foam solution by mechanical agitation.
D. When foam bubbles dissipate, no foam remains on the surface of the fuel.

Hint 60

C. Air is added to the foam solution by mechanical agitation.

Front 61

The degree of foam expansion depends on the type of foam concentrate, accurate proportioning, quality of the foam concentrate and:

Back 61

A. method of aeration.
B. outside air temperature.
C. length of discharge hose.
D. wind direction and velocity.

Hint 61

A. method of aeration.

Front 62

Which classification of foam is used to suppress vapors from hazardous materials spills?

Back 62

A. Low-expansion foam
B. High-expansion foam
C. Medium-expansion foam
D. Minimal-expansion foam

Hint 62

C. Medium-expansion foam

Front 63

High-expansion foam is typically used for:

Back 63

A. wildland and brush fires.
B. rolling on to liquid fuel fires.
C. suppressing vapors from hazardous materials spills.
D. confined spaces such as mines and shipboard compartments.

Hint 63

D. confined spaces such as mines and shipboard compartments.

Front 64

Which of the following statements about Class A foam concentrates is MOST accurate?

Back 64

A. Class A foam is used for structural fires, but is not suitable for wildland fires.
B. Class A foam is used to prevent ignition of fires involving flammable and combustible liquids.
C. Class A foam reduces the surface tension of water, allowing better water penetration into the fuel.
D. Class A foam concentrate coats and protects application equipment; equipment should not be flushed after use.

Hint 64

C. Class A foam reduces the surface tension of water, allowing better water penetration into the fuel.

Front 65

Flammable liquids that mix readily with water are

Back 65

A. polar solvents.
B. viscous liquids.
C. fluorosurfactants.
D. hydrocarbon fuels.

Hint 65

A. polar solvents.

Front 66

Which Class B foams are made from a mixture of fluorosurfactants?

Back 66

A. Synthetic foams
B. Specialized foams
C. Protein-based foams
D. Alcohol-resistant foams

Hint 66

A. Synthetic foams

Front 67

Which foams are required to extinguish fires of ethanol or ethanol-based fuels?

Back 67

A. Class A foams
B. Synthetic foams
C. Protein-based foams
D. Alcohol-resistant foams

Hint 67

D. Alcohol-resistant foams

Front 68

Which of the following statements about foam concentrates is MOST accurate?

Back 68

A. A foam blanket is of little benefit on unignited fuels.
B. Foam application rates are different for each type of polar solvent.
C. The minimum rate of application will be marked on the foam concentrate container.
D. Foam should be applied in short bursts, with the operator pausing to observe its effect on the fire.

Hint 68

B. Foam application rates are different for each type of polar solvent.

Front 69

Why are specialized foams designed solely for use on unignited spills of hazardous liquids?

Back 69

A. The roll-on method is ineffective for hazardous liquids.
B. A thick, viscous foam can form a heat-resistant blanket over burning liquid surfaces.
C. The US Department of Agriculture Forest Service requires specialized foams for hazardous materials.
D. Unignited chemicals tend to change the pH of water or remove the water from fire fighting foam, making the foam ineffective.

Hint 69

D. Unignited chemicals tend to change the pH of water or remove the water from fire fighting foam, making the foam ineffective.

Front 70

Most foam concentrates are intended to be mixed with ___ percent water

Back 70

A. 0.1 to 6.0
B. 10 to 25.5
C. 40.5 to 50
D. 94 to 99.9

Hint 70

D. 94 to 99.9

Front 71

Which of the following statements about foam proportioning is MOST accurate?

Back 71

A. Most Class A foams are mixed in proportions of 3 to 6 percent.
B. Most Class B foams are mixed in proportions of 1 percent or less.
C. Mixing Class A foam at a higher recommended percentage results in a thick, dry foam.
D. The percentage rate for proportioning foam is determined by the authority having jurisdiction.

Hint 71

C. Mixing Class A foam at a higher recommended percentage results in a thick, dry foam.

Front 72

Multipurpose Class B foams are normally mixed at a 6 percent rate when:

Back 72

A. applied to polar solvents.
B. applied to hydrocarbon fuels.
C. thinner (wetter) foam is desired.
D. fuel is burning near a body of water.

Hint 72

A. applied to polar solvents.

Front 73

Factors to consider in selecting a foam proportioner include solution flow requirements, intended use, and

Back 73

A. stage of the fire.
B. available water pressure.
C. length of the discharge hose.
D. proximity to bodies of water.

Hint 73

B. available water pressure.

Front 74

Which of the following proportioning methods depends on the Venturi Principle to draw foam through a hose connected to the foam concentrate container and into the water stream?

Back 74

A. Injection
B. Eduction
C. Premixing
D. Batch-mixing

Hint 74

B. Eduction

Front 75

The proportioning method which uses an external pump or head pressure to force foam concentrate into the fire stream is:

Back 75

A. injection.
B. eduction.
C. premixing.
D. batch-mixing.

Hint 75

A. injection.

Front 76

Which of the following proportioning methods makes it difficult to refill an apparatus water tank due to excessive bubbling from residual foam solution?

Back 76

A. Injection
B. Eduction
C. Premixing
D. Batch-mixing

Hint 76

D. Batch-mixing

Front 77

Because the foam solution goes through the pump, the ___ proportioning method may cause the pump to require additional maintenance.

Back 77

A. injection
B. eduction
C. premixing
D. batch-mixing

Hint 77

D. batch-mixing

Front 78

Which of the following statements about foam proportioners and delivery systems is MOST accurate?

Back 78

A. The foam proportioner adds air into the foam solution to produce finished foam.
B. The foam proportioner and delivery system must be compatible to produce usable foam.
C. Either a foam proportioner or a foam generating system is needed to produce a foam fire stream.
D. The foam-generating system introduces the appropriate amount of foam concentrate into the water to form foam solution.

Hint 78

B. The foam proportioner and delivery system must be compatible to produce usable foam.

Front 79

Which of the following foam proportioners may compromise firefighter safety since it is difficult to quickly relocate the components?

Back 79

A. In-line foam eductor
B. Foam nozzle eductor
C. Around-the-pump proportioner
D. Compressed air foam system (CAFS)

Hint 79

B. Foam nozzle eductor

Front 80

When using an in-line eductor, which of the following might cause foam concentrations to be too lean?

Back 80

A. Solid agent stick too cold to dissolve effectively.
B. Air compressor filter clogged, dirty, or water-soaked
C. Too little hose between eductor and discharge nozzle
D. Foam concentrate inlet too far above surface of foam concentrate

Hint 80

D. Foam concentrate inlet too far above surface of foam concentrate

Front 81

Installed in-line eductors, around-the-pump proportioners, and balanced pressure proportioners are examples of:

Back 81

A. portable foam proportioners.
B. master stream delivery devices.
C. apparatus-mounted proportioners.
D. compressed air foam systems (CAFS).

Hint 81

C. apparatus-mounted proportioners.

Front 82

Which of the following statements about compressed air foam systems (CAFS) is MOST accurate?

Back 82

A. An air-aspirating nozzle adds air to the foam solution.
B. There is little to no nozzle reaction when using CAFS.
C. Foam produced by CAFS adheres well to vertical surfaces.
D. Hoselines filled with CAFS are heavier than those filled with water only.

Hint 82

C. Foam produced by CAFS adheres well to vertical surfaces.

Front 83

Which of the following statements about foam delivery devices is MOST accurate?

Back 83

A. Smooth bore nozzles are used only with Class B foam.
B. Solid agent foam concentrates may be used on Class A fires only.
C. Fog nozzles use an apparatus-mounted air compressor to generate foam.
D. Air-aspirating foam nozzles are the most effective appliance for generation of low-expansion foam.

Hint 83

D. Air-aspirating foam nozzles are the most effective appliance for generation of low-expansion foam.

Front 84

Which of the following foam generators produces foam by pumping foam solution through the nozzle in a fine spray?

Back 84

A. Fog nozzle
B. Air-aspirating type nozzle
C. Water-aspirating type nozzle
D. Mechanical blower generator

Hint 84

C. Water-aspirating type nozzle

Front 85

Air-aspirating nozzles must be used with:

Back 85

A. high-expansion foams.
B. aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF).
C. compressed air foam systems (CAFS).
D. protein and flouoroprotein concentrates.

Hint 85

D. protein and flouoroprotein concentrates.

Front 86

Which of the following foam generators is typically associated with total-flooding applications?

Back 86

A. Fog nozzle
B. Air-aspirating type nozzle
C. Water-aspirating type nozzle
D. Mechanical blower generator

Hint 86

C. Water-aspirating type nozzle

Front 87

Poor-quality foam may result from:

Back 87

A. high pressure in the supply line.
B. a short hose lay on the discharge side.
C. air leaks at fittings causing a loss of suction.
D. the nozzle being located too far below the eductor.

Hint 87

C. air leaks at fittings causing a loss of suction.

Front 88

A common reason for generating poor-quality foam is:

Back 88

A. equipment is older than five years.
B. eductor and nozzle flow ratings match.
C. nozzle remains fully open during the process.
D. mixing different types of foam concentrate in the same tank.

Hint 88

D. mixing different types of foam concentrate in the same tank.

Front 89

In which application method does the operator direct the foam stream onto an elevated object, allowing the foam to run down and onto the surface of the fuel?

Back 89

A. Roll-on method
B. Rain down method
C. Total-flood method
D. Bank-down method

Hint 89

D. Bank-down method

Front 90

Which of the following is used only on a pool of ignited or unignited fuel on open ground?

Back 90

A. Roll-on method
B. Rain down method
C. Total-flood method
D. Bank-down method

Hint 90

A. Roll-on method

Front 91

Which of the following is the primary application technique used on aboveground storage tank fires?

Back 91

A. Roll-on method
B. Rain down method
C. Total-flood method
D. Bank-down method

Hint 91

B. Rain down method

Front 92

Which of the following statements about foam hazards is MOST accurate?

Back 92

A. Never flush foam concentrates from exposed skin.
B. Some foam concentrates and their vapors may be harmful if inhaled.
C. There is no need to flush or wash equipment that has been used to apply foam.
D. Most Class A and Class B foams act to lubricate and preserve pumps, eductors, and other equipment.

Hint 92

B. Some foam concentrates and their vapors may be harmful if inhaled.

Front 93

Which of the following statements about finished foam in the environment is MOST accurate?

Back 93

A. Generally, protein-based foams are a greater environmental hazard than other types of foam.
B. Manufacturers’ safety data sheets (SDS) do not contain environmental impact information.
C. In a body of water, decomposing foam can reduce oxygen available to fish and other aquatic creatures.
D. In the United States, Class A foams should be approved by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for environmental safety.

Hint 93

C. In a body of water, decomposing foam can reduce oxygen available to fish and other aquatic creatures.