Ifr Oral Exam For Helicopters

Front 1

Can helicopters flying Copter SIAPs reduce the visibility minima?

Back 1

(AIM 10-1-2)
Helicopters flying Copter SIAPs may use the published minima, with no reductions allowed. The maximum airspeed is 90 KIAS on any segment of the approach or missed approach.

Front 2

What are some of the causes for a CDI needle to fluctuate in a helicopter?

Back 2

(AIM 1-1-3)
Certain helicopter rotor speeds can cause the VOR course deviation indicator to fluctuate as much as plus or minus six degrees. Slight changes to the RPM setting will normally smooth out this roughness. Pilots are urged to check for this modulation phenomenon prior to reporting a VOR station or aircraft equipment for unsatisfactory operation.

Front 3

Before conducting an IFR flight using GPS equipment for navigation, what basic preflight checks should be made?

Back 3

(FAA-H-8261-1)
Preflight preparations should include:
a. Verify GPS equipment is properly installed/certified.
b. Verify database is current/not expired.
c. Review the GPS NOTAM/RAIM info.

Front 4

How often is the GPS waypoint information database updated?

Back 4

(AC 90-94; FAA-H-8083-15)
Every 28 days, as provided and maintained by the National Flight Data Center (NFDC).

Front 5

Name the four groups of NOTAMs.

Back 5

1. (D) NOTAMs
2. FDC NOTAMs
3. POINTER NOTAMs
4. MILITARY NOTAMs

Front 6

What are (D) NOTAMs?

Back 6

Information that requires wide dissemination via telecommunication, regarding enroute navigational aids, civil public-use airports listed in the A/FD, facilities, services, and procedures.

Front 7

Discuss FDC NOTAMs.

Back 7

Flight information that is regulatory in nature including, but not limited to, changes to IFR charts, procedures, and airspace usage.

Front 8

What instruments operate from the pitot/static system?

Back 8

(FAA-H-8083-15)
- Altimeter
- VSI
- AI

Front 9

In a _____________, aneroid wafers expand and contract as atmospheric pressure changes, and through a shaft and gear linkage, rotate pointers on the dial of the instrument.

Back 9

(FAA-H-8083-15)

Altimeter

Front 10

What memory aid helps in remembering the limitations that a pressure altimeter is subject to?

Back 10

High to low, look out below!

For temperature:
a. On a warm day - pressure is higher than standard. Altimeter indicates lower than actual altitude.
b. On a cold day - pressure is lower than standard. Altimeter indicates higher than actual altitude.

For pressure:
a. Higher than standard pressure - pressure level is higher than standard. Altimeter indicates lower than actual altitude.
b. Lower than standard pressure - pressure level is lower than standard. Altimeter indicates higher than actual altitude.

Front 11

Which instrument operates by measuring the difference between ram pressure from the pitot head and atmospheric pressure from the static source?

Back 11

Airspeed indicator.

Front 12

What instruments are affected when the static port freezes? How does this affect each instrument?

Back 12

(FAA-H-8083-25)
a. Airspeed indicator
- Climb: airspeed will read low.
- Descent: airspeed will read high.
b. Altimeter
- Indicates the altitude at which the system is blocked.
c. VSI
- Will indicate level flight.

Front 13

ANDS and UNOS are effective memory aids for remembering Acceleration Errors and Northerly Turning Errors due to Dip Errors common to the magnetic compass. Besides Dip Errors, what are the other three types of errors associated with the compass?

Back 13

1. Oscillation error - Erratic movement of the compass card caused by turbulence or rough control technique.
2. Deviation error - Due to electrical and magnetic disturbances in the aircraft.
3. Variation error - Angular difference between true and magnetic north; reference isogonic lines of variation.

Front 14

What causes the winds aloft to flow parallel to the isobars?

Back 14

The Coriolis force

Front 15

State two basic ways that fog may form.

Back 15

(AC 00-6A)

Fog forms:
1. By cooling air to the dew point
2. By adding moisture to the air

Front 16

Name the five most common types of fog.

Back 16

1. Radiation
2. Advection
3. Upslope
4. Precipitation-induced
5. Ice

Front 17

_________ fog forms when moist air moves over colder ground or water.

Back 17

Advection

Front 18

Define "standard rate turn".

Back 18

A turn in an aircraft in which heading changes at the rate of 3° per second.

Front 19

Name the inspections/checks required by pilot. How often?

Back 19

A V 1 A T E S
Annual
VOR - 30 days
100 hr
Altimeter PITOT SYSTEM - 24 calendar months
TRANSPONDER - 24 months
ELT - half life and six months
S static system - 24

Front 20

Regarding procedure turns, I’ve seen “NOPT” and “PTNA” depicted on approach charts. What’s the difference?

Back 20

“NOPT” means a procedure turn is not required. Since ATC is not expecting you to make a procedure turn, you should ask for one if you wish to do it. “PTNA” indicates that a procedure turn is not authorized. Even if you’d like to make one, you may not.

Front 21

_______________ is the lowest published altitude between radio fixes that ensures acceptable navigational signal coverage and meets obstacle clearance requirements between those fixes

Back 21

Minimum En Route Altitude (MEA)

Front 22

MOCA is the lowest altitude between two fixes that meets obstacle clearance requirements. This altitude only assures an acceptable ground based navigation signal within __ nautical miles of a VOR.

Back 22

22

Front 23

Explain change-over-point.

Back 23

This is where you change frequencies between navaids - normally half way between the two.

Front 24

When are you established in a hold?

Back 24

When the inbound leg is completed at the fix.

Front 25

Your directional gyro malfunctions en route to the destination airport.

a. What type of approach should you request from ATC?

b. What commands are to be expected from ATC during this approach?

c. How should turns be made during this approach during each segment?

Back 25

a. Request a No-gyro approach from ATC.

b. ATC issues "turn" and "stop turn" commands to help you line up with a runway for a descent on instruments.

c. All turns are made standard rate until you are on final approach. Then turns are made at half-standard rate.

Front 26

What reports should be made in a radar environment?

Back 26

When asked.
Leaving altitudes.

Front 27

What reports should be made in a non-radar environment?

Back 27

When arriving at a fix.

Front 28

What information does the turn coordinator provide?

Back 28

- Rate of turn
- Roll of turn
- Direction of turn
- Quality of turn

Front 29

When being radar vectored for an approach, at what point may you start a descent from your last assigned altitude to a lower altitude if "cleared for the approach"?

Back 29

Upon receipt of an approach clearance while on an unpublished route or being radar vectored, a pilot will comply with the minimum altitude for IFR and maintain the last assigned altitude until established on a segment of a published route or IAP, at which time published altitudes apply.

Front 30

When is a procedure turn not required?

Back 30

- "NoPT" on chart.
- Radar vectors
- Holding pattern in lieu of a PT
- Timed approach
- Procedure turn not authorized (PTNA)

Front 31

Name seven types of non-precision approaches.

Back 31

1. VOR
2. TACAN
3. NDB
4. LOC
5. ASR
6. LDA
7. SDF

Front 32

What are 5 scenarios in which a pilot must execute a missed approach?

Back 32

1. Arrival at MAP and NO runway environment in sight.
2. Arrival at DH and NO runway environment in sight.
3. Safe landing not possible.
4. Circling to land visual contact is lost.
5. Instructed by ATC.

Front 33

What criteria determines whether or not you may attempt an approach?

Back 33

No regulation - BUT if you reach MDA / DH and decide to land, flight vis must be = to that published.

Front 34

What regulations require use of specified procedures by all pilots approaching for landing under IFR?

Back 34

14 CFR Part 97

Front 35

What restrictions apply concerning filing an airport as an alternate when using GPS?

Back 35

Any required airport must have an approved instrument procedure other than GPS - operational and available at ETA. Aircraft must be equipped with such instruments.

Front 36

Is it legal to land if actual visibility is below mins published on approach chart?

Back 36

No - 14 CFR 91.175

Front 37

If a particular approach name has a letter "A" attached as a suffix - VOR DME A - what does this mean?

Back 37

The approach doesn't meet straight in criteria and only circling minimums are available.

Front 38

When established at the MDA on the final approach course, is the MDA expressed as HAT or HAA?

Back 38

HAT - height above touchdown
HAA - height above airport

Straight in = HAT - specific runway
Circling = HAA - no specific runway

Front 39

What is RAIM?

Back 39

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
You need RAIM to know if the GPS is getting corrupted information.
RAIM needs 5 satellites
OR
4 satellites and barometric altimeter to detect integrity anomaly.

Front 40

ID RAIM capability is lost while conducting IFR enroute or approach operations, can you continue flight using GPS information?

Back 40

NO - without RAIM the GPS may not be providing the required accuracy. Select another type of nav system.

Front 41

Where can a pilot obtain RAIM availability information?

Back 41

GPS RAIM for non precision approaches has to be requested from an AFSS during preflight briefings. FAA briefers will provide information for a period of 1 hour before to 1 hour after ETA unless specific time is requested by the pilot.