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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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% reduction in area |
initial area- final area/ initial area |
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% elongation equation |
final length - initial length/ initial length |
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what is stiffness |
the materials ability to not deflect under an applied load |
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what makes up formability |
% elongation % reduction in area bend radius |
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what are the five types of mechanical properties |
strength formability stiffness toughness durability |
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what is thermal aging |
a low heat treatment to produce precipitation |
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what is strain hardened |
deforming aluminum to increase tensile strength |
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what is solution treated |
aluminum treated to a high temperature to dissolve and alloying element |
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what is naturally aged |
aluminum alloy strengthen by exposure to room temperature |
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what is hard coating |
electrochemical process for a thicker anodize coating |
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what is anodizing |
producing and converting a coating on aluminum |
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what is age hardened |
exposing an aluminum alloy to a specific temperature |
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define casting |
pouring into a old to get a certain shape |
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define wrought |
made into a sheet by rolling |
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define a metal |
solids composed of metals that are held together by a matrix of electrons |
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define flammability |
the ability to burn or ignite |
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define chemical reactivity |
how a material reacts to a chemical |
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define corrosion resistance |
the ability to withstand an environment without mass loss |
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define microstructure |
internal and surface features of a material
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define composition |
the elements make |
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what is an alloy of steel |
iron & carbon |
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define cold finished |
removing mill scale |
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define hot finished |
making a shape with a smaller cross sectional area |
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what are dendrites |
three dimensional tree like structures |
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what is continuous casting |
when machines run 90% of the time |
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what is carbon steel |
steel with carbon as the main hardening element |
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what is pig iron |
has carbon content of 4%-5% |
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what is work hardened |
shaping the piece at a low temperature |
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what is wrought iron |
iron with very low carbon content |
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what is alloy steel |
any steel that has significant additions of any element |
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what does galvanized mean |
zinc coated steel products |
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what does tin plate mean |
cold rolled steel with a usual thickness of .005-.014 inches |
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what does pickling mean |
use of acids to remove scale |
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name some basic elements for ordering steel |
specification number finish demensions condition name of material |
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what is case hardening
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hardening the surface of a part |
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what is quench hardening |
quickly cooling from a high temperature |
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what is annealing |
heating the steel and cooling it slowly |
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what is tempering |
reheating a steel to reduce hardness & brittleness |
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Name some influences on cost of heat treating |
part size # of parts type of material factory hourly rate |
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define crystalline |
parts in a polymer with high order |
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define amorphous |
parts in a polymer with low order |
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what are elastomers |
materials that can: stretch up to 2x their size return to original length @ room temp |
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what are thermosets |
plastics that can't be reheated |
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what are thermoplastics |
plastics that can be reheated many times |
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what are cross linking polymers |
very strong chemical bonds |
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what are branched polymers |
grow concurrently as 2 chains |
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what are linear polymers |
2D array of polymer chain |
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what is a terpolymer |
a polymer with three different repeating mers |
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what are homopolymers |
when a polymer consists of similar repeating mers |
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what is copolymerization |
forming a polymer chain with 2 different monomers |
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what is a polymer |
many parts |
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what is a monomer |
one part |
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what is inorganic chemistry |
matter that doesn't contain carbon |
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what is organic chemistry |
matter that does contain carbon |
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what are 2 kinds of hybrids |
weaving and laminating |
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what is a hybrid |
2 or more types of fibers combined together |
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what is a reinforcement |
material used to strengthen the resin/ matrix |
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what is a resin/ matrix |
material that bonds fibers together and distributes stress to the fibers |
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what is a composite |
combining 2 or more substances to create a material that has properties that aren't there on their own |
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define tensile strength |
the max strength to pull a material apart
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define yield strength |
the point where the material starts to deform |
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define compression strength |
max load of stress the material can take before compression failure |
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define shear strength |
mass stress needed to create a fracture in opposite and parallel directions |
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define creep strength |
the strain occurred when a mass is suspended for a period of time |
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define stress rupture strength |
creep testing but with higher stresses |
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what is density |
the mass per unit volume of a material |
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what is gravimetric |
properties related to the weight or mass of materials |
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what is ferromagnetism |
the ability to attract a magnet |
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what is a conductor |
a material that allows electron flow when voltage is applied |
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what is an insulator |
a material the does not allow electron flow when voltage is applied |
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what is specific heat |
the amount of energy required to raise a material to a certain temperature |
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what is thermal expansion |
the expansion of a material due to a temperature increase |
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what is thermal conductivity |
the ability to transmit heat |
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what is fatigue strength |
how many times you can flex a material before it breaks |
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what is hardness and how is it tested |
the resistance to scratch, indent, and compress Brinell- ball indenter Rockwell- 102 diamond Shore- 20 needle |
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what is the critical stress intensity factor |
used to determine material withs higher fracture resistance |
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what is notch sensitivity |
the ability to resist fracture at sharp corners |
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what is impact strength and how is it measured |
energy absorbed before the fracture happens mass tes pendulum test: izoo and charpy |
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what is toughness |
being able to withstand bending without fracturing |
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equation of stress |
force/ area |
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equation for strain |
change in length// original length |
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what is shear modulus |
the stiffness that was determined by a shear test |
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what is flexural modulus |
the stiffness that was determined by bending (flex test( |
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define bend radius |
the min radius one can bend a material with out damaging it |
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equation for modus of elasticity |
stress/strain |
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what is wear resistance |
the resistance of surface erosion due to friction |
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define flexural strength |
how much stress can be applied before it breaks |
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what is a non-ferrous metal |
metals with less than 50% iron |
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what is a ferrous metal |
a metal with 50% + iron |
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1000 series |
commercially pure aluminum |
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2000 |
copper |
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3000 |
manganese |
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4000 |
silicon |
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5000 |
magnesium |
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6000 |
magnesium and silver |
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7000 |
zinc |
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8000 |
other elements
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9000 |
unused |
