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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the primary purpose of conducting a needs analysis? |
To determine the desired status, current status, and the discrepency |
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List the people you would ask to participate in a focus group in order to conduct a Needs Analysis |
I would include a manager, an employee, and a specialist |
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Will an interview ever have more than one respondent? |
You can interview multiple people at the same time. |
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What are the four components of a complete goal statement? |
1. The learners 2. What learners will be able to do 3. The performance context 4. Assessment used |
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Why do we write goal statements? |
To serve as a firm starting point for the instructional design process |
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What is the value of conducting a learner analysis? |
To identify unique characteristics of your learner population to address when designing the instructional unit. Entry-level skills are also important |
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Why is it important to identify entry-level skills? |
If a learner does not have those skills, they'll not be successful with instructional materials. Consideration therefore needs to be given to evaluation of entry skills and additional instruction, if needed. |
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Which type of assessment measures entry-level skills? |
Interviews of target learners and their supervisors Pretests |
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Why is it important to measure prior knowledge? |
They often have partial knowledge or misconceptions. During instruction, learners interpret new content in light of the associations they make with prior learning |
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Which type of assessment measures prior knowledge? |
-Interviews of target learners and their supervisors -Observing them in a performance setting -Pretest |
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What is a task analysis? Also called goal analysis or instructional analysis |
The task analysis indicates the major topics of information that must be covered in the instruction |
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What are the parts of Mager's three-part performance objective? |
1. What the learner will be able to do 2. The conditions under which the learner carries out the task 3. Criteria used to evaluate learner performance |
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Identify the part of the performance objective from the description: Measurable Action Verb |
Behavior. A description of the skill including actions, content, and concepts |
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Identify the part of the performance objective from the description: Minimum Level of Mastery |
Criteria. A description of acceptable performance of a skill. |
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Identify the part of the performance objective from the description: Parameters for behavior and/or resources needed for performance |
Condition |
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What is the scope of instruction? |
An organizational framework that indicates to teachers when each skill or concept should be introduced, reinforced, or at what point a student should become an independent user |
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What is the sequence of instruction? |
The efficient ordering of content in such a way as to help the learner achieve the objectives. Use a model like Gagene's |
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What is the difference between objectivism and constructivism? |
Objectivism= External reality shapes internal learning Constructivism= Internal learning shapes external reality |
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What is the difference between directed instruction and constructivism? |
Directed instruction= Focus on individual. Specific goals. Teacher directed. Constructivism= Focus on group. Learner generates own knowledge through experience. Learner directed. |
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What is cognitivism? |
Learning is viewed as active mental processing to store and retrieve knowledge in memory. Emphasizes the structure of knowledge and external conditions that support internal mental processes |
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What is constructivism? |
Learning is viewed as an internal process of constructing meaning by combining existing knowledge with new knowledge gained through experience in the social, cultural, and physical world. Emphasizes the processes and social interactions. |
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What is behaviorism? |
Stimulus, response learning. Stimulus must change until desired response occurs. |
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If the instructor actively communicates their knowledge with the following, then the instructional strategy is what? Students must memorize all U.S. Presidents in order Students go to library to write research paper Students listen to instructor describe battle |
Cognitivism |
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What are Gagne's Nine Events of Instruction? |
1. Gain attention 2. Motivate learner 3. Stimulate recall of prior learning (understand current knowledge of learners) 4. Provide overview of lesson objectives 5. Present the content 6. Provide guidance 7. Summarize information to be learned 8. Assess learning, provide feedback 9. Enhance retention and transfer (Provide opportunities to recall) |
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According to the theory of Backward Design, what is the difference between factual details and essential questions? |
Factual details: Have one correct answer Essential questions: Help students make sense of important but complicated ideas |
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What are generative topics? |
Central to a discipline or subject area, they connect to what is already familiar, engaging, and accessible |
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What are the components of Keller's ARCS model? |
Attention Relevance Confidence Satisfation |
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What is criterion-based assessment? |
Designed to measure student performance against a fixed set of predetermined criteria or learning standards |
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What are Gardner's Multiple Intelligences? |
1. Verbal 2. Bodily/Kinesthetic 3. Nature 4. Interpersonal 5. Intrapersonal 6. Logical 7. Musical/Rhythmic |
