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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Superficial intraepidermal vesicopustule
Crusty and weeping Mostly in babies |
Impetigo
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Impetigo - organisms
|
Staph aureus
Group A strep |
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Small erythematous lesions with central pustule
Within hair follicles or apocrine regions |
Folliculitis
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Folliculitis - organisms
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Staph aureus
Sycosis barbae for bearded areas Pseudomonas for whirlpools or swimming pools |
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Folliculitis - treatment
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Warm compress
Topical antibiotics |
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Firm tender red nodules with pus
Areas subject to friction and hair follicles - collar, groin, and legs |
Furuncles
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Furuncles - risk factors
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Obesity
Corticosteroids Neutrophil dysfunction Diabetes mellitus |
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Large furuncles
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Carbuncles
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Carbuncles - organism
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Staph aureus
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Carbuncles - treatment
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Surgical drainage
Antimicrobials Vancomycin for empiric therapy |
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Demarcated red raised area
Mostly in lower extremities Bimodal age distribution |
Erysipelas
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Erysipelas - organisms
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Group A strep
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Erysipelas - treatment
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Penicillin
1st or 3rd gen cephalosporin Erythromycin |
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Erysipelas - risk factors
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Venous stasis
Diabetes mellitus Alcohol abuse Paraparesis Lymphatic obstruction |
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Red, warm, and tender
Not raised or demarcated Fever, malaise, chills, and leukocytosis |
Cellulitis
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Cellulitis - pathophysiology
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Usually secondary to trauma or preceding skin lesion
Rarely from blood-borne spread |
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Cellulitis - organisms
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Gram positives:
Group A or B strep Staph aureus Strep viridans |
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Cellulitis - treatment
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Nafcillin/oxacillin
Cefazolin Vancomycin for penicillin allergy or nosocomial (MRSA) |
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Post-op cellulitis - organisms
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Group A strep - within 6-48 hours
Staph aureus - can take days to develop |
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Post-op cellulitis - post-CABG
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Tinea pedis
Due to poor lymphatic drainage and venous stasis |
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Initially erythematous, swollen, shiny, and hot
Fever, leukocytosis Positive gram stain Rapid anesthesia and progression to gangrene |
Necrotizing fascitis
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Necrotizing fascitis - complications
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Compartment syndrome due to myonecrosis
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Necrotizing fascitis - organisms
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Type I - multiple, including anaerobes
Type II - group A strep |
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Necrotizing fascitis - treatment
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Immediate surgical debridement
Type I - broad-spectrum antibiotic Type II - penicillin plus clindamycin |
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Necrotizing fascitis - locations
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Extremities
Abdominal wall Perianal Post-operative wounds |
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Scrotal edema
Necrotizing skin lesion |
Fournier's gangrene
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Fournier's gangrene - organisms
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Mixed gram negatives and anaerobes
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Fournier's gangrene - risk factors
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Diabetes
Local trauma Perirectal or perianal infection Surgery |
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Inflammation and necrosis of muscle
Mostly in tropics After blunt trauma or bacteremia |
Pyomyositis
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Pyomyositis - organisms
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Staph aureus
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Pyomyositis - treatment
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Drainage
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Ulcerating skin lesion without pus
Scarring and fibrosis Young and minorities |
Community-acquired MRSA
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CA-MRSA - risk factors
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MSM
Post-partum women Crowded living conditions |
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CA-MRSA - treatment
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TMP-SMX
Doxycycline for adults Clindamycin for kids Vancomycin for outpatients |
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CA-MRSA - toxins
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Panton-Valentine leukocidin - kills leukocytes
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Cellulitis with hemorrhagic bullae
Ingestion of raw shellfish with existing liver disease Traumatic wound exposure to salt water Hypotension, GI symptoms, fever |
Vibrio vulnificus
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Vibrio vulnificus - treatment
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Doxycycline
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Indolent cellulitis in people handling saltwater fish, poultry, meat
Cellulitis Swollen fingers Painful violaceous area after 1 week |
Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae
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Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae - complications
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Endocarditis
Bacteremia |
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Erysipelothrix rhusipathiae - treatment
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Vancomycin
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Small violet papules on hands and arms progressing to shallow crusty ulcerations
Open wound exposure to fresh water |
Mycobacterium marinum
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Mycobacterium marinum - treatment
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3 months clarithromycin, doxycycline, TMP-SMX
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Hypotension
Multi-system organ failure Desquamation after 10 days - strep only Fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, confusion |
Toxic shock syndrome
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Toxic shock syndrome - organisms
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Staph aureus
Group A strep - positive blood cultures |
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Toxic shock syndrome - risk factors
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Foreign antigen at mucosal surface - tampon, nasal packing
Absence of TSST-1 antibodies Surgical or trauma wound Impaired host defense |
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Scarlitiform rash
Large flaccid bullae (Nikolsky's sign) Skin replaced in two weeks Younger children |
Staph scalded skin syndrome
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Staph scalded skin syndrome - treatment
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Fluid replacement
Supportive antibiotics |
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Acute lymphangitis - organisms
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Pasteurella
Group A strep |
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Chronic granulomatous lymphangitis - organisms
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Sporothrix schenkii - gardener with minor trauma
Mycobacterium marinum - freshwater exposure after minor trauma |