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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 constrictions of esophagus
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cervical
bronchoaortic diaphragmatic |
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esophagus is intra/retroperitoneal, and therefore its outer layer is ___
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retro
adventitia |
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the UES and LES open when ___
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we swallow
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3 phases of swallowing
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oral
pharyngeal esophageal |
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secondary peristalsis is triggered by ___
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esophageal distention
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whereas muscular and neurological problems cause problems with ___, tumor obstruction causes problems with ___.
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solids and liquids
solids only, at first |
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heartburn from GERD can cause ___
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esophageal hypomotility
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achalasia is a hyper/hypomotility disorder
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hyper
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achalasia is
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failure of LES to relax
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T/F: odynophagia is characteristic of achalasia.
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false
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T/F: chronic achalasia can cause cancer
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true
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T/F: peristalsis is dysfunctional in achalasia
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true
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T/F: surgery for achalasia is curative
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false
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3 drugs for achalasia
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sublingual nitroglycerin
nitrates CCBs |
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diffuse esophageal spasm presents with ___, which may mimic ___
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chest pain
angina |
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hypomotility disorders are caused by ___, such as ___ (5)
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systemic diseases
scleroderma alcholism DM hypothyroidism amyloidosis |
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2 symptoms of hypomotility
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heartburn
dysphagia |
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3 motility agents
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metoclopramide
cisapride motilium |
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T/F: HP infection is protective for GERD
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true
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4 foods that lower LES tone
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fatty food
mint chocolate alcohol |
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3 mechanisms for GERD
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low LES pressure
transient LES releaxation increased abdominal pressure |
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3 GERD complications
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esophageal stricture
Barrett's esophagus peptic stricture |
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first line diagnostic for GERD
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esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)
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surgical treatment for GERD
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LES augmentation
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