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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cross-cultural literacy
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understanding how the culture o a country affects the way business is practiced
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values
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abstract ideas about what asociety believes to be good, right, and desirable
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norms
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social rules and guidelines that prescribed appropriate behavior in particular situations
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society
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group of people who share a common set of values and norms
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folkways
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routine conventions of everyday life
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mores
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norms seen as central to the functioing of a society and to its social life
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group
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an association of two or more individuals who have a shared sense of indentity and who interact with each other in structured ways on the basis of a common set of expectations about each other's behavior
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social strata
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hierarchical social categories often based on family background, occupation, and income
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social mobility
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the extent to which individuals can move out of the social strat a into which they are born
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caste system
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a system of social stratification in which social position is determined by the family into which a person is born, and change in that position is usually not possible during an individual's lifetime
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class system
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a system of social stratification in which social status is determined by the family into which a person is born and by subsequent sociaeconomic achievements. mobility between classes is possible
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class consciousness
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a tendency for individuals to perceive themselves in terms of their class background
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religion
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a system of shared beliefs and rituals concerned with the realm of the sacred
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ethical sytems
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cultural beliefs about what is proper behavior and conduct
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power distance
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theory of how a society deals with the fact that people are unequal in physical and intellectual capabilities. high power distance cultures are found in countries that let inequailties grow over time into inequalities of power and wealth. low power distance cultures are found in societies that try to play down such inequalities as much as possible
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individualism versus collectivism
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theory focusing on the relationship between the individuals and his or her fellows. in individualistic societies, the ties between indiviudals are loose and indivudal achievement is highly valued. in societies where collectivisim is emphasized, ties between indiviuals are tight, people are born into collectives, such as extended families, and everyone is supposed to look after the interests of his or her collectives
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uncertainty avoidance
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extend to which cultures socialize members to accept ambiguous situations and to tolerate uncertainty
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masculinity versus femininity
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theory of the rlationship between gender and work roles. in mascultine cultures, sex roles are sharply differentiated and traditional masculines values such as achievemetn and the effective exercise of power determine cultural ideals. in feminine cultures, sex roles are less sharply distinguished, and little differentiation is made between men and women in the same job
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confucian dynamism
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theory that confucian teachings affect attitudes toward time, persistence, ordering by status, protection of face, respect for tradition, and reciprocation of gifts and favors
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