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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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transfer function |
The functional relationship between physical input signal and electrical output signal |
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Sensitivity |
is defined in terms of the relationship between changes in input physical signal and output electrical signal |
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accuracy |
measure of difference between the measured value and actual value |
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precision |
ability of an instrument to reproduce a certain set of readings within a given deviation |
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repeatability |
ability to reproduce the output signal exactly when the same measured quantity is applied repeatedly under the same environmental conditions |
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range/span |
limits between which inputs can vary. Span is maximum value minus the minimum value of the input. |
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stability |
ability to give same output when a constant input is measured over a period of time |
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hysteresis |
refers to systems, organisms and fields that have memory. In other words, the consequences of an input are experienced with a certain lag time, or delay. |
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noise |
All sensors produce some output noise in addition to the output signal. In some cases, the noise of the sensor is less than the noise of the next element in the circuit, or less than the fluctuations in the physical signal, in which case it is not important |
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sensor output generally in form of ___ |
resistance change or voltage change or capacitance change or current change when input quantity is changed |
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voltage divider circuit |
used to turn the changing resistance of the sensor into a proportional change of voltage that can be understood better by ICs / microcontrollers
this is the formula thing! |
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microcontroller |
can read an input from a variety of analog / digital sensors
can control output devices such as an LCD display or a thermal printer
used for sensing input from the real world and controlling devices based on that input |
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what to put in void setup? |
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600); |
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what to put in void loop? |
digitalWrite (ledPin, HIGH); delay(500); digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW); delay(500); |
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what to put in initialization? |
int ledPin = 13; |
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what are examples of variable resistors? |
potentiometers sensors - light sensor, force, flex, thermistor |
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what is an analog-to-digital converter (ADC)? |
ACD measures a range of voltages and converts value of voltage at any given moment to digital value
Arduino has a built in ADC |
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which pins support analogWrite()? |
all the ones with a ~
(analog value = PWM wave) |
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serial communication |
most common form of communication between electronic devices
Communicating serially involves sending a series of digital pulses back and forth between devices at a mutually agreed-upon rate
sender sends pulses representing the data to be sent at the agreed- upon data rate, and the receiver listens for pulses at that same rate |
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where does serial communication happen on an arduino? |
USB connection and on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX)
You can't use 0 or 1 for digital i/o if you're using them for serial com |
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what do TX and RX mean? |
TX - sending to PC RX - receiving from PC |
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protocol |
set of parameters that the two devices agree upon in order to send info |
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physical connection |
cable between microcontroller to computer
selection of proper port |
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timing agreement |
timing of pulses (this is called data rate/baud rate)
9600 pulses per second is most frequently used'
typically pulses grouped together by 8s |
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electrical connection |
voltage lvl of electrical pulses that will be sent
5V or 0V |
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package size |
interpreting the sequence of pulses in groups of 8 (a byte) |
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what are bits and bytes? |
how data is measured
bit = either a 0 or a 1
byte = 8 bits
1024 bytes is one Kilobyte (sometimes written KB)
1024 KB (1048576 bytes) is one Megabyte (MB) 1024 MB is 1 Gigabyte (GB) |
