Huston-Ap Us Govt Chap 8

Front 1

22nd Amendment

Back 1

Limits presidental term to two terms or two plus finishing term of predecessor

Front 2

25st Amendment

Back 2

Provides for presidential disability and succession

Front 3

appointment power

Back 3

President can appoint, with advice and consent of the Senate, "Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, judges of the Supreme Court, and all other Officers of the US whose appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law". President appoints members of his/her cabinet and stress loyalty above all other qualities

Front 4

articles of impeachment

Back 4

The specific charges brought against a president or a federal judge by the House of Representatives

Front 5

Cabinet

Back 5

The formal body of presidential advisers who head the fiteen executive departments

Front 6

Chief of Staff

Back 6

The head of the staff of the White House, works closely with the President

Front 7

choice of vice-president

Back 7

Sometimes choosen to balance the presidential ticket either geographically, politically or some other way.

Front 8

commander-in-chief

Back 8

the US President

Front 9

Congressional dominance period of presidency

Back 9

1804-1933 Congress was the most powerful branch of the government.

Front 10

congressionalist

Back 10

One who believes that Article II's provision that the president should ensure "faithful execution of the laws" should be read as an injunction against substitution presidential authority for legislative intent

Front 11

convening power

Back 11

The president has the power to convene either or both houses of Congress on "extraoridnary Occasions." This power was important when Congress did not sit in nearly year-round sessions. Today this power has little more than symbolic significance.

Front 12

EOP

Back 12

Executive Office of the President. Established in 1939 to help the president oversee the bureaucracy. It provides the president with a general staff to help him direct the diverse activities of the executive branch. It has expanded over time to include advisory and policy-making agencies and task forces. It has become more responsive to individual presidents than to the executive branch as an institution. Important members of the EOP are the National Security Council, the Council of Economic Advisers, the Office of Management and Budget, and the Office of the Vice President.

Front 13

Gramm-Rudman Act of 1985

Back 13

Also called the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Reduction Act. The act outlined debt ceilings and targeted a balanced budget for 1993.

Front 14

impeachment

Back 14

The power delegated to the House of Representatives in the Constitution to charge the president, vice president, or other "civil officers," including federal judges, with "Treason, Bribery, or other High Crimes and Misdemeanors." This is the first step in

Front 15

Imperial presidency

Back 15

The fear that the president will become to powerfull.

Front 16

inherent powers

Back 16

president’s powers that can be derived/inferred from Constitution

Front 17

line-item veto

Back 17

idea supported by presidents as early as Grant (1870s) and granted by Congress in 1996; intended so that presidents could take out the pork-barrel sections of the bill and leave the rest intact; Supreme Court ruled it unconstitutional in 1998 because such an amount of power can only be reassigned through a constitutional amendment

Front 18

Louiiana Purchase

Back 18

: 1803 land purchase and grand expansion of the U.S.

Front 19

modern period of presidency

Back 19

Due to the change in times and technology, the public's expectations of the president have also changed to expect that in a crisis the president will be the individual to act quickly and decisively on behalf of the entire nation, rather than Congress which is too slow to respond to fast-changing events. The 20th and 21st centuries marked a shift in federal decision making, from congressional to presidential, as seen best by FDR's New Deal.

Front 20

New Deal

Back 20

The name given to the program of "Relief, Recovery, Reform" begun by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933 designed to bring the United States out of the Great Depression.

Front 21

order of presidential succession

Back 21

In the event that the president would be either forced to resign or die while in office, his line of succession would be: 1. The Vice President 2. The Speaker of the House of Representatives 3. The President pro tempore of the Senate 4. Secretaries of state, treasury, and defense, and other Cabinet heads in order of the creation of their departments.

Front 22

patronage

Back 22

Jobs, grants, or other special favors that are given to as rewards to friends amd political allies for their support.

Front 23

Pentagon Papers

Back 23

a.k.a New York Times Co. v. U.S. The Supreme Court ruled that any attempt to by the government to prevent expression carried "a heavy presumption" against its constitutionality.

Front 24

POTUS

Back 24

President of the United States.

Front 25

power to persuade

Back 25

Formal powers are not enough to make a successful president. He must also be able to exercise informal powers such as persuasion. Such political skills are not found in all presidents but are found in all successful presidents.

Front 26

presidential approval ratings

Back 26

Presidential popularity tends to be cyclical. Their first months in office are termed a honeymoon period when the public and the media are generally positive about the president. Usually, popularity begins to wane after this honeymoon and few presidents end their term with approval above 50%. Clinton was an exception. He ended his second term with historically high approval ratings.

Front 27

presidential pardon

Back 27

While Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution places no limitations on the president's power to grant or deny pardons, the Justice Department's U.S. Pardon Attorney prepares a recommendation for the president on each application for presidential "clemency," including pardons, commutations of sentences, remissions of fines, and reprieves.

Front 28

presidential style

Back 28

Using style to his advantage, a president can successfully lobby Congress to pass his agenda

Front 29

presidentialist

Back 29

One who believes that Article II's grant of executive power is a broad grant of authority and power allowing a president wide discretionary powers.

Front 30

press conferences

Back 30

More than one press conference.

Front 31

Press Secretary

Back 31

Official in charge of publicity.

Front 32

qualifications for presidency

Back 32

The Constitution requires that the president must be: 35 years old, 14 years a U.S. Resident, a natural born citizen.

Front 33

stewardship theory

Back 33

The theory that holds that Article II confers on the president the power and the duty to take whatever actions are deemed necessary in the national interest, unless prohibited by the Constitution or by law.

Front 34

Taftian theory

Back 34

The theory that holds that the president is limited by the specific grants of the executive power found in the Constitution.

Front 35

treaty power

Back 35

Legally binding agreement between two nations. United States treaties are generally negotiated by the President and must be ratified by the Senate.

Front 36

US v. Nixon (1974)

Back 36

in a case involving president Nixon’s refusal to turn over tape recordings of his conversations, the court ruled that executive privilege doesn’t grant the president an absolute right to secure all presidential documents

Front 37

veto power

Back 37

The authorized power of a president to reject legislation passed by Congress.

Front 38

War Powers Act

Back 38

The 1973 WAR POWERS ACT requires the president to consult with Congress before deploying troops abroad for more than 60 days in Peacetime