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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Goals of Sex Research
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- Create basic knowledge and understanding
- Enhancing our understanding to influence sexual behaviour. - Public policy |
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Peer Review
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Determine risks of research, benefits, use risk-benefit analysis.
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Risk:Benefit Ratio
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Classic View: must be positive or rick very minimal as benefit cannot be promised.
Realistic: Risk must be negligible, cannot promise any benefit. |
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The Kinsey Reports
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Sampling methods: random or representative deemed impossible. Used "intact" groups method. If entire intact group participates, no volunteer bias. Need representative sample of intact groups.
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Kinsey Sex History
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Standardized interview approach. Adaptations, explorations. Methodological checks.
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Masters and Johnson: Human Sexual Response
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Subjects were prostitutes initially then later were academician volunteers.
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Canada Youth AIDS Study
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1988, nationally representative sample of youth. High schools, colleges and universities.
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National Health and Social Life Survey
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Social Organization of Sexuality. Nationally representative and comprehensive survey of sexual behaviour required to provide epidemiological basis for AIDS and targeting preventative interventions.
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Volunteer Bias
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Some people refuse to participate, those in sample are volunteers who may differ from those who refuse to participate.
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Sex Research Methodology: Correlational/Observational
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Association of two or more variables. Perfect positive, perfect negative or no relationship values assessed. Correlations indicate association NOT causation.
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Positive Correlation
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X= years of age of child
Y= amount of sexual info gotten correct on test As X goes up, y goes up. Measure in terms of L. Correlation squared indicates proportion of change in X that change in Y is able to predict. |
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Negative Correlation
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X- Pych 2075 grade
Y= number of beers imbibed prior to exam As X goes up, Y goes down. |
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0.00 Correlation
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No relationship at all.
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Experimental Research
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Assesses the causal relationship of a variable the experimenter has put in place on a measured outcome variable.
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Probability Sampling
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Each member of population has known probability of being included in sample.
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Stratified Random Sampling
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Population divided into groups and random sampling occurs in each group.
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Purposeful Distortion
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Purposely giving false information in a survey.
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Social Desireability
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Distort in direction they believe will be seen as more acceptable.
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Test-retest Reliability
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Asked a series of questions and then asked same set of questions after a period of time has passed. Correlation between two tests measure reliability of responses.
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Website Surveys
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Advantages: Larger sample, broader samples, advantages for studying special populations, eliminate extraneous influences of responding.
Disadvantages: Not everyone has internet, lacks control of environment where survey is taken. |
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Interviews
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Advantages: rapport with respondent, vary sequence of questions depending on response, can be administered to those who can't read or write.
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Written Questionnaire
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Riskier behaviour more likely to be reported than in an interview.
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Direct Observations
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Accurate, expensive and time consuming, small population, difficult to get representative sample.
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Ethical Research
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Respect for human dignity, limits stress, risks and benefits should be distributed fairly across groups in society.
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Free and Informed Consent
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Right to be told, before they aprticipate what the purpose is and what they wil be asked to do.
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Harms-Benefit Analysis
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Analyzing ethics of research based on weighing the harms against the benefits.
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Incidence
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Percentage of people having a particular response.
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Frequency
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How often a person does something.
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