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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
What does hetrotrophs mean. |
Ingest food |
Food contains energy that human cells require. |
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Define nutrition |
The materials (food) that are required for cells to function |
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Ingestion |
Taking food into the mouth |
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Digestion |
Breaking down of food into smaller molecules to easily diffuse through the membrane of cells that line the digestive tract. The molecules then diffuse into the blood. |
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Mechanical digestion |
Pieces of food are broken down into smaller particles of food. (Does not result in smaller molecules of food) occurs in mouth (teeth) stomach (stomach muscles) |
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Chemical digestion |
Food molecules are broken down into smaller molecules. So that large food molecules can be absorbed through thevcell membrane and into the blood. |
Occurs with the assistance of digestive enzymes. Chem digestion in mouth stomach and small intestine. |
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Protease |
Gastric glands release pepsin in the stomach
Pancreas release trypsin in duodenum |
Pepsin -gastric Trypsin -pancake |
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Lipase |
Released by pancreas to duodenum to break down lipids |
Lipids |
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Amylases |
Break down of carbohydrates. |
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Nucleases |
Released by pancreas to the duodenum to Breakdown nucleic acids. |
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Function of salivary amylase |
Start the Digestion of carb starch & lubricates food jnto bolus so its easy to swallow and doesnt damage oesophagus |
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Pharynx |
A pathway for both food and air that we breath |
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Epiglottis |
A flap in the throat that Prevent food from entering the lung. by closing the opening of trachea when we we swallow |
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Peristalsis muscle structure. |
The process of moving food through the esophagus by waves of muscular contractions is called Peristalsis |
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Photo |
By Smooth muscles that surround the digestive tract that contract and relax to push food through |
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Function of hcl |
Back (Definition) |
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What structure of the stomach controls how much chyme passes through the small intestine? |
Pyloric sphincter ( contact and relax) maximising digestion and absorption in small intestine. Too much food = wouldnt difest properly |
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Duodenum |
Where most digestion takes place |
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Duodenum |
Where most digestion takes place |
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Ileum |
Where most absorption takes placeb |
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Gall bladder |
Where bile is stored after being produced by liver. G.bladder releases bile into duodenum |
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Gall bladder |
Where bile is stored after being produced by liver. G.bladder releases bile into duodenum |
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Functions of bile |
Emulsifies fats (break fats down in to smaller particles) = creating larger surface area = allows enzyme lipase to be more effective in the breakdown of large fat molecules. |
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Gall bladder |
Where bile is stored after being produced by liver. G.bladder releases bile into duodenum |
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Functions of bile |
Emulsifies fats (break fats down in to smaller particles) = creating larger surface area = allows enzyme lipase to be more effective in the breakdown of large fat molecules. |
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Is bile alkaline or acidic? |
Bile is alkaline. This helps Neutralise stomach acid in Duodenum |
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