Human Growth & Development - Erik Erikson

Front 1

Psychosocial Theory

Back 1

Focuses more on non-sexual crises, or turning points that occur THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE LIFESPAN.

Front 2

What did Erikson feel about Personality Development?

Back 2

Unlike Frued, Erikson thought that personality development continued into adulthood.

Front 3

Identify Erikson's 8 stages of Life Span Development.

Back 3

1. Trust vs Mistrust
2. Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt
3. Initiative vs Guilt
4. Industry vs Inferiority
5. Identity vs Identity Confusion
6. Intimacy vs Isolation
7. Generativity vs Stagnation
8. Integrity vs Despair

Front 4

Trust vs Mistrust

Back 4

AGE: 0 - 18 mos
CHARACTERISTICS: Infant either learns that his/her needs will be met (trust) or not met (mistrust).

Front 5

Autonomy vs Shame & Doubt

Back 5

AGE: 18 mos - 3 yrs
CHARACTERISTICS: Starts to assert independence. If prevented from autonomy by over protective parents, will doubt own skills.

Front 6

Initiative vs Guilt

Back 6

AGE: 3-5 yrs
CHARACTERISTICS: Learning to carry out tasks from planning to completion. If not, can feel irresponsible and guilty.

Front 7

Industry vs Inferiority

Back 7

AGE: 6-12 yrs
CHARACTERISTICS: The child spends much of the day in school. Success at academic and other tasks makes the child feel productive. Inferiority affects self-esteem.

Front 8

Identity vs Identity Confusion

Back 8

AGE: 12-18 yrs
CHARACTERISTICS: Adolescents must "find themselves" and set future goals, or they will feel adrift.

Front 9

Intimacy vs Isolation

Back 9

Age: Early Adult Years
CHARACTERISTICS: Fusing one's identity with another and making a long-term commitment is crucial for young adults. Those who are not ready for intimacy are often isolated.

Front 10

Generativity vs Stagnation

Back 10

AGE: Middle Adult Years
CHARACTERISTICS: Guiding the next generations, whether through helping one's own children or mentoring, provides life satisfaction.

Front 11

What does Erikson's "Industry vs Inferiority" Stage stem from?

Back 11

It stems largely from experiences at school. Good teachers need to motivate their students to want to engage in learning activities and create experiences for success. The best student outcomes will come from teachers who are warm, enthusiastic, flexible, and who treat students as individuals.

Front 12

According to Erikson, what is the major crisis for the adolescent?

Back 12

The major crisis for the adolescent is to achieve a sense of IDENTITY.

Front 13

Attachment

Back 13

(Early Childhood)

A close emotional bond between infant and caregiver. The first year of life was crucial for attachment to occur.

Front 14

Industry

Back 14

(Middle Childhood)

Achieving a sense of accomplishment from one's own activities. It is a strong source of self-esteem.

Front 15

Identity

Back 15

(Adolescence)

The major crisis for the adolescent is to achieve a sense of identity.

Front 16

What is the major transition for the young adult?

Back 16

The development of intimate relationships.

Front 17

Generativity

Back 17

Leaving a legacy for the next generation, and can be achieved through parenting, mentoring, or cultural productions, such as writing a book or creating a piece of architecture that will live on after the person is gone.

Front 18

Stagnation

Back 18

(Middle Adulthood)

Adults who do not feel that they have made a mark in the world will feel stagnation.
(Become bitter and self-absorbed)

Front 19

Integrity

Back 19

(Late Adulthood)

When older adults review their lives, if they are satisfied with their accomplishments, they will develop a sense of integrity.