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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Puberty
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The physiological transition into adult bodies for both boys & girls.
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Anorexia
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Self-imposed starvation.
Common eating disorder. |
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Bulimia
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Binge & Purge eating patterns.
Common eating disorder. |
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Formal Operations
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Piaget's final stage of Development.
"Formal operations" is characterized by the development of abstract reasoning abilities. The adolescent is able to imagine hypothetical situations & understand concepts like liberty & justice. As adolescents develop these higher reasoning skills, they focus on their own thinking & often become idealistic. |
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Hypothetical-deductive Reasoning
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Refers to the adolescent's ability to form a guess (hypothesis) about the best solution to a problem then systematically test its accuracy.
Compared to the trial-and-error learning of the younger child, this method is much more efficient. |
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Egocentric
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The adolescent turns inward and is self-focused.
The transition to formal operational thinking affects adolescent behavior in a number of ways. Egocentricism is the first way. (Can be a source of reckless behavior, as the adolescent feels invulnerable. |
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Consequences of Egocentricism (2)
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1. Imaginary Audience
2. Personal Fable |
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Imaginary Audience
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The belief of many adolescents that everyone is watching them.
(Consequence of Egocentricism) (David Elkind) |
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Personal Fable
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The feeling many adolescents have that nothing can harm them, which causes them to take risks.
(Consequence of Egocentricism) (David Elkind) |
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Juvenile Delinquency
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Socially unacceptable behaviors that violate rules or laws.
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Index Offenses
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Criminal acts such as robbery, rape, and assault.
(Juvenile delinquency) |
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Status Offenses
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Running away, Underage drinking, and Truancy.
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Identity
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Erikson noted that the major crisis for the adolescent is to achieve a sense of identity. The processes of identity formation include experimentation & confusion, and adolescents without a strong sense of identity may withdraw or become depressed.
Identity formation is a lifelong process that continues until the end of life. |
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James Marcia's 4 Identity Statuses
(Based on 2 components) |
Components: Crisis & Commitment
4 Statuses: 1. Identity Diffusion 2. Identity Foreclosure 3. Moratorium 4. Identity Achieved |
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Crisis
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Crisis is the period during which the person actively considers identity options.
James Marcia proposed that there are 4 identity statuses based on 2 components: 1. Crisis 2. Commitment |
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Commitment
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Commitment is the personal investment made in one option over the others.
James Marcia proposed that there are 4 identity statuses based on 2 components: 1. Crisis, 2. Commitment |
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Identity Diffusion
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Where adolescents have not had a crisis or made a commitment.
Ex: the early adolescent may not yet have thought about career choices. |
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Identity Foreclosure
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Where adolescents are committed to an option that they themselves have not thought much about.
Ex: Maria may say, "I'm going to be a lawyer", because her mother always told her she would be a lawyer. |
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Moratorium
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The adolescent in moratorium is in the crisis period, but has not yet made a commitment.
Ex: Let's say Maria starts watching lawyer programs on TV & has decided that she does not want to be a lawyer. This may put her in a state of confusion while she considers her other ooptions. |
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Identity Achieved
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When adolescents have had the crisis and made a choice, which does not mean the choice is permanent - The process can occur more than once.
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Growth Spurt
Age of Occurrence |
Girls = 9.5 to 14.5
Boys = 10.5 to 16 |
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Growth of Breasts
Age of Occurrence |
Girls = 8 to 13
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Growth of Testes, Scrotum
Age of Occurrence |
Boys = 10 to 13.5
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Pubic Hair
Age of Occurrence |
Girls = 8 to 14
Boys = 10 to 15 |
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Growth of Penis
Age of Occurrence |
Boys = 11 to 14.5
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Underarm Hair
Age of Occurrence |
Girls = 10 to 16
Boys = 12 to 16 |
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Increase in Oil & Sweat Gland Production
Age of Occurrence |
Girls = 10 to 16
Boys = 12 to 16 |
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Menstruation
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Girls = 10 to 16.5
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Ejaculation of Sperm
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Boys = 12 to 15
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