Human Development Chapter 9

Front 1

Puberty

Back 1

the time between the first onrush of hormones and full adult physical development. Puberty usually lasts 3-5. Many more years are required to achieve psychosocial maturity.

Front 2

menarche

Back 2

a girls 1st mentrual period, signaling that she has begun ovulation. Pregnancy ios biologically possibloe, but ovulation and nemstruation are often irregular for years after menarche.

Front 3

spemarche

Back 3

a boys 1st ejaculation of sperm. Erections can occur as early as infancy, but ejaculation signals sperm production. spermarcheoccurs during sleep (in a wet dream) or via direct stimulation

Front 4

hormone

Back 4

an organic chmeical substance that is produced by one body tissue and conveyed via the bloodstream to another to affect some physiological function. Various hormones influence thoughts, urges, emotionhs, and behavior.

Front 5

petuitary gland

Back 5

a gland in the brain that responds to a signal form the hypothalamus by producing many hormones including those that regulate growth and control other glands, among them the adrenal and sex glands.

Front 6

adrenal glands

Back 6

2 glands, located above the kidneys, that produce hormones(including the stress hormones epinephrine adrenaline and nonrepneghinr

Front 7

HP hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis

Back 7

the sequence of a chain reaction of hormone production, originating in the hypothalamus and moving to the pituitary and then to the adrenal glands.

Front 8

gonads

Back 8

the paired sex glands ovaries in femanles, testicles in males. The gonads produce hormones and gametes.

Front 9

estradiol

Back 9

a sex hormone, considered the chief estrogen. Females produce more estradiol than males do.

Front 10

testosterone

Back 10

a sex hormone, the best known of the androgens male hormones, secredted in far greater amounts by males than by females.

Front 11

body image

Back 11

a persons idea of how his or her body looks.

Front 12

anorexia nervosa

Back 12

an eating disorder characterized by self starvation, affected individuals voluntarily undereat and often overexercise, depriving their vital organs of nutrition. Anorexia can be fatal.

Front 13

bulimia nervosa

Back 13

an eating disorder characterized by binge eating and subsequent purging usually by induced vomiting and or use of laxatives.

Front 14

growth spurt

Back 14

the relatively sudden and rapid physical growth that occurs during puberty. Each body part increases in size on a schedule: a weight increase usually precedes a height increase, and growth of the limbs precedes growth of the torso.

Front 15

Primary sex characters

Back 15

the parts of the body that are directly involved in reproduction, including the vagina, uterus, ovaries, testicles, and penix.

Front 16

secondary sex characteristics

Back 16

physical traits that are not directly involved in reproduction but that indicate sexual maturity, such as a man's beard and a woman's breast.

Front 17

sexually transmitted infection (STI)or STD OR VD

Back 17

a disease spread by sexual contact, including syphilis, gonorrhea, genital herpes, chlamydia, and HIV.

Front 18

Sex Too Soon

Back 18

1. Earlier puberty and weaker social taboos mean teens have sexual experiences at younger ages. Early sex correlates with depression and drug abuse.
2.teenage today mothers have no husbands vs. 100 yrs ago teanage mothers were married
2007 US 86% were unwed
3.raising a child has become more complex and expensive
4.Mother are working and not home as caregivers for their teenager's.
5.STI'S are more widespread and dangerous.

Front 19

Key Points

Back 19

puberty usually begins 8-14 (typically 11-or 12) in response to hormones that begin deep within the brain, traveling form the hypothalamus to the pituitary.
Hormones affect the emotions as well as the physique, with adolescent rage, lust, and despair caused by hormones as well as by social reactions to visible body changes.
The timing of puberty is affected by genes, body fat, hormones, and stress.
good nutrition is especially important, but especially unlikely, during adolescence; excessibe dieting sometimes leads to sever eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia.

Front 20

Sexsual abuse, child sexual abuse

Back 20

an erotic activity that arouses an adult and exceites, shames, or confuses a child, whether or not the victim protests and whether or not the genital contact is involved.

Front 21

Key Terms

Back 21

very part of the body changes during puberty, one major set of changes is called the growth spurt, as weight, height, muscles, and the size of inner organs increase dramatically.
Another set of changes is sexual, as the almost unisex body of a child takes on the shape and funtion of a man or woman.
Primary sexual characteristics (needed for reproduction) as well as secondary sexual characteristics (dozens of man/female differences) development lifelong, especially if they occur soon after puberty. Sexually transmitted infections are an increasing risk.

Front 22

Egocentrism

Back 22

Young adolescents nor only think intensely about themselves but also imagine what others may think about them.

Front 23

adolescent egocentrism

Back 23

A characteristic of adolescent thinking that leads young people (ages 10-14 ) to focus on themselves to the exclusion of others.

Front 24

Personal fable

Back 24

an aspect of adolescent egocentrism characterized by an adolescent's belief that his or her thoughts , feelings, or experiences are unique, more wonderful or awful than anyone else's.

Front 25

invincibility fable

Back 25

n adolescent's egocentric conviction that he or she cannot be overcome or even harmed by anythinbg that might defewat a normal mortal, such as unprotected sex, drug abuse, or high-speed driving.

Front 26

Puberty

Back 26

the time between the first onrush of hormones and full adult physical development. Puberty usually lasts 3-5. Many more years are required to achieve psychosocial maturity.

Front 27

menarche

Back 27

a girls 1st mentrual period, signaling that she has begun ovulation. Pregnancy ios biologically possibloe, but ovulation and nemstruation are often irregular for years after menarche.

Front 28

spemarche

Back 28

a boys 1st ejaculation of sperm. Erections can occur as early as infancy, but ejaculation signals sperm production. spermarcheoccurs during sleep (in a wet dream) or via direct stimulation

Front 29

hormone

Back 29

an organic chmeical substance that is produced by one body tissue and conveyed via the bloodstream to another to affect some physiological function. Various hormones influence thoughts, urges, emotionhs, and behavior.

Front 30

petuitary gland

Back 30

a gland in the brain that responds to a signal form the hypothalamus by producing many hormones including those that regulate growth and control other glands, among them the adrenal and sex glands.

Front 31

adrenal glands

Back 31

2 glands, located above the kidneys, that produce hormones(including the stress hormones epinephrine adrenaline and nonrepneghinr

Front 32

HP hypothalamus pituitary adrenal axis

Back 32

the sequence of a chain reaction of hormone production, originating in the hypothalamus and moving to the pituitary and then to the adrenal glands.

Front 33

gonads

Back 33

the paired sex glands ovaries in femanles, testicles in males. The gonads produce hormones and gametes.

Front 34

estradiol

Back 34

a sex hormone, considered the chief estrogen. Females produce more estradiol than males do.

Front 35

testosterone

Back 35

a sex hormone, the best known of the androgens male hormones, secredted in far greater amounts by males than by females.