Human Anatomy & Physiology

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Homeostasis

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The tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between interdependent elements, esp. as maintained by physiological processes.

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Cytology

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The branch of biology that deals with the formation, structure, and function of cells.

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Histology

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The study of the microscopic structure of tissues.

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Abdomen

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Belly, between Thorax and Pelvis

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Organelle

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A differentiated structure within a cell, such as a mitochondrion, vacuole, or chloroplast, that performs a specific function.

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Retroperitoneal /ret·ro· peri·to·ne·al

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The anatomical space in the abdominal cavity behind (retro) the peritoneum.

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Pelvis

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A basinlike structure, lower (caudal) portion of the trunk, bounded anteriorly and laterally by the two hip bones and posteriorly by the sacrum and coccyx.

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axial plane

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one parallel with the long axis of a structure.

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base plane

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an imaginary plane upon which is estimated the retention of an artificial denture.

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frontal/ coronal plane

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those passing longitudinally through the body from side to side, at right angles to the median plane, dividing the body into front and back parts.

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horizontal plane

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one passing through the body, at right angles to both the frontal and median planes, dividing the body into upper and lower parts.

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sagittal/median plane

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vertical planes passing through the body parallel to the median plane (or to the sagittal suture), dividing the body into left and right portions.

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Lateral

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Pertaining to the side

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Areola

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Pigmented region surrounding the nipple of the mammary gland or breast

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Reproduction

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Offspring formation

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Superior

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Pertaining to a structure that is higher than another structure

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Brachial

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Pertaining to the arm

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Genital

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Pertaining to the genitalia (Internal and external organs of reproduction)

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Orbital

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Pertaining to the body region of the eyeball; a region, in the atom, containing the electrons

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Transverse

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At right angles to the long axis of a part; crosswise

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Visceral

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Pertaining to the contents of a body cavity

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Appendicular

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Pertaining to arms and legs

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Negative feedback

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A mechanism activated by an imbalance that corrects it.

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Distal

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Father from the midlaine or origin; opposite of proximal

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Nucleus (pl.,Nuclei)

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A cellular organelle that is enclosed by a double-layerd porus membrane and contains DNA; The dense core of an atom that is composed of protons and neutrons

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Cranial

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Pertaining to the cranium

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Digestion

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Breaking down of large nutrient molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed; Hydrolysis

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Inguinal /in·gui·nal

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Pertaining to groin region

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Abdominal cavity

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The space between the diaphragm and the pelvic inlet that contains the abdominal viscera.

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Hypogastric region

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The lower middle portion of the abdomen.

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Peritoneum

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A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and encloses the abdominal viscera

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Mental

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Pertaining to the mind; pertaining to the chin body region

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Frontal

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Pertaining to the forehead.

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Cranial Cavity

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A hollow space in the cranium containing the brain.

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Cephalic

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Pertaining to the head.

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Abdominopelvic cavity

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The space between the diaphragm and the lower portion of the trunk of the body.

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Metabolism

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All of the chemical reactions in cells that use or release energy.

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Hypochondriac Region

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The portion of the abdomen on either side of the middle or epigastric region.

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Atom

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Smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element.

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Costal

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Pertaining to the ribs.

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Pectoral

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Pertaining to chest

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Pericardial

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Pertaining to the Pericardium

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Atmosperic Pressure

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Pressure exerted by the weight of the air; about 760 mm of mercury at sea level.

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Epigastric Region

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The upper middle portion of the abdomen.