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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How many bones are in the foot?
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26
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How many tarsal bones are there?
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7
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What are the 7 tarsal bones?
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talus, calcaneus, navicular, cuboid, three cuneiforms
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How many metatarsal bones are there?
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5
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How many phalange bones
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14
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How many phalanges per toe?
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1st toe: 2
2-5 toes: 3 |
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What is another term for ankle joint?
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talocrural joint
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The ankle joint includes articulations of what bones?
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talus
tibia fibula |
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The weight of the body rests on what bone?
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talus
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Movements of the ankle joint include what?
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dorsiflexion
plantar flexion |
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dorsiflexion
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raising the toes off ground
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plantar flexion
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raising the heel off the ground
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gliding joints are found between what areas?
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tarsal & metatarsal areas
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condyloid joints are found where?
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metatarsal-phalangeal
interphalangeal |
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What joints allow for inversion & eversion?
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subtalar joints
midtarsal joints |
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Deep fascia covering the musculature in the sole is called what?
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plantar aponeurosis
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Plantar fascitis
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tear in plantar aponeurosis
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The foot is innervated by what nerves
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medial & lateral plantar nerves
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the medial and lateral plantar nerves are branches of what nerve
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tibial nerve
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The medial plantar nerve innervates what muscles
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abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis flexor hallucis brevis 1st lumbrical |
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Cutaneous branches of medial plantar n supply what?
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both sides of big toe
2nd & 3rd toe tibial side of 4th toe |
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Lateral plantar nerve gives muscular branches to what muscles?
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abductor digiti minimi
quadratus plantae flexor digiti minimi brevis adductor hallucis lateral three lumbricals interossei muscles |
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Cutaneous branches of lateral plantar nerve supply what?
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lateral side of 4th toe & both sides of 5th toe
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Distribution of lateral plantar nerve closely resembles distribution of what nerve in hand?
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ulnar nerve
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Distribution of medial plantar nerve closely resembles distribution of what nerve in hand?
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medial nerve
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What is the principal artery in the sole of the foot?
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lateral plantar artery
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The lateral plantar artery is a continuation of what artery?
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posterior tibial artery
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THe plantar arch gives rise to what?
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plantar metatarsal arteries
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What artery supplies the dorsum of the foot?
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dorsalis pedis artery
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the dorsalis pedis artery is the continuation of what artery?
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anterior tibial artery
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Origin of Abductor hallucis
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calcaneal tubeosity
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Insertion of Abductor hallucis
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medial side - base of proximal phalanx big toe
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Innervation of Abductor hallucis
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medial plantar
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Action of Abductor hallucis
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abducts big toe
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Origin of flexor digitorum brevis
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calcaneal tuberosity
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Insertion of flexor digitorum brevis
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middle phalanx
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Innervation of flexor digitorum brevis
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medial plantar n
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Action of flexor digitorum brevis
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flexes toes 2-5 at PIP joints
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Origin of Abductor digiti minimi
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calcaneal tuberosity
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Insertion of Abductor digiti minimi
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lateral side
base of proximal phalanx of 5th toe |
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Innervation of Abductor digiti minimi
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lateral plantar n
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Action of Abductor digiti minimi
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abducts 5th toe
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The first layer of muscles in the foot include what muscles?
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abductor hallucis
flexor digitorum brevis abductor digiti minimi |
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Origin of quadratus plantae
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calcaneus (medial surface)
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Insertion of quadratus plantae
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tendon of flexor digitorum longus
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Innervation of quadratus plantae
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lateral plantar
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Action of quadratus plantae
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flexes toes
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Origin of lumbricals (4)
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tendons of flexor digitorum longus
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Insertion of lumbricals
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extensor expansion of lateral 4 toes
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innervation of lumbricals
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1st: medial plantar
2, 3, 4: lateral plantar |
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Actions of lumbricals
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flexes MP joints
extends IP joints |
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Origin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
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posterior tibia
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Insertion of flexor digitorum longus
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distal phalanx lateral 4 toes
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Innervation of flexor digitorum longus
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tibial n
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Action of flexor digitorum longus
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flexes toes 2-5
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Origin of flexor hallucis longus
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posterior fibula
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Insertion of flexor hallucis longus
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distal phalanx of big toe
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Nerve supply of flexor hallucis longus
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tibial n
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Action of flexor hallucis longus
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flexes big toe
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Second layer of foot muscles include what
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quadratus plantae
lumbricals tendon of flexor digitorum longus tendon of flexor hallucis longus |
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Origin of flexor hallucis
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plantar surface of cuboid
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Insertion of flexor hallucis
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medial and lateral sides of proximal phalnax of big toe
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Innervation of flexor hallucis
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medial plantar
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Action of flexor hallucis
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flexes big toe
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Origin of adductor hallucis
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transverse part - head of metatarsals
oblique part: plantar surface of metatarsals 2,3,4 |
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Insertion of adductor hallucis
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lateral side of proximal phalanx of big toe
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Nerve supply of adductor hallucis
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lateral plantar
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Action of adductor hallucis
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adducts & assists flexion of big toe
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Origin of flexor digiti minimi brevis
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plantar surface of 5th metatarsal
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insertion of digiti minimi brevis
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base of proximal phalanx - 5th toe
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nerve supply of digiti minimi brevis
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lateral plantar n
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action of digiti minimi brevis
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flexes proximal phalanx of 5th toe
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What muscles are included in third layer of foot muscles?
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flexor hallucis
adductor hallucis flexor digiti minimi brevis |
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Origin of plantar interossei (3 muscles)
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plantar sufaces of metatarsals 3,4,5
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insertion of plantar interossei
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medial side of proximal phalanges - toes 3,4,5
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nerve supply of plantar interossei
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lateral plantar
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Actions of plantar interossei
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adductors of toes 3-5; flexes MP joints
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Origin of dorsal interossei (4 muscles)
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adjoining parts of metatarsals 1-5
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Insertion fo dorsal interossei
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both sides of proximal phalanx of 2nd toe, lateral side of proximal phalanges toes 3 & 4
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Nerve supply of dorsal interossei
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lateral plantar
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Actions of dorsal interossei
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abductors of toes 2-4
flexes MP joints |