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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the United Nations sustainable developmental goals, what is goal 11? |
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable -adequate, safe, affordable housing -public transportation -green space |
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What is world cities days? |
UN made it on October 31, its to promote sustainable urbanizations |
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What are similar among public health and urban planning? |
both fields emerged largely in response to rapid industrialization, urbanization and crowding in the late 1800s both share concerns about: housing conditions, working conditions, sanitation, disease outbreaks |
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Public health and urban planning diverged in the mid 1900s what were they? |
PH focused more on lab investigations Urban planning focused more on efficiency, suburban economic development, automobiles |
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How can communities affect our health? |
Community design (land use): access to green space, recreation, foods Transportation options: Positively: access to health care, education, jobs Negatively: traffic accidents, air pollution, noise, sedentary behaviour |
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What are some principles of Health Community Design (7) |
Mixed land use Density Transportation alternatives Walking/biking infrastructure Affordable Housing Community centers Access to green space and parks |
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What is suburbanization? This makes us dependant on what? |
People moving out of cities and into suburbs, grows at a rapid rate compared to cities, people living farther away from school/work/etc, makes our dependance on cars more |
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What are some negative impacts of automobile dependence? (4) |
Accidents Air pollution (PM, climate) Noise (cardiovascular, irritation, stress, sleep, pregnancy effects) Sedentary lifestyle (discourage active transport: walking, cycling) |
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90% of road traffic deaths occur in what income countries? |
low and middle |
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What is one of the main determinants of traffic fatalities? |
Speed |
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Name some health effects related to traffic related air pollution (5) |
Cardiovascular mortality Lung cancer Asthma Decreased lung function Myocardinal infarction (heart attack) |
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In the Vancouver region, what are some characteristics of the most "walkable" neighbourhoods? (5) |
The most walkable neighbourhoods tend to be those with 1) compact urban form, 2) medium to high residential density, 3) diversity and concentration f commercial uses near residences, 4) mixed land uses, and 5) high street connectivity. |
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2 reasons why people would walk/be active? |
1) Infrastructure: walking/cycling can be safer (bike lanes etc) 2) "Safety in numbers" "Safety" |
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What is "Peak Car"? |
young people are less interested in driving a car/getting a licence, basically the peak car is saying that maybe the dominate method of transportation is shifting away from cars |
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What are 3 health benefits of Green spaces? |
Promotes exercise Reduces exposure to health risk (air pollution, noise) Psychosocial/psychological benefits (emerging literature suggests there may be something inherently beneficial in proximity to green space) |
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What did the study on residential greeness and birth outcomes show? |
association with increase in green space and increase in birth weight, psychological and psychosocial mechanisms |
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What did the study on emerald ash boar show? |
Emerald ash boar infestation killed 100 million trees in US, fewer trees showed an association in increase in mortality with cardiovascular and lower-respiratory tract illness in counties where the emerald ash boar killed the most trees |
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What did the study of the hospital recovery view show? |
patients had surgery, and some patients had a view of green space, others of a brick wall They found that those with a view of trees, had shorter average hospital stay, and fewer hospital record notes, and had fewer doses of moderate/strong pain medications |
