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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Islam
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Submission (surrender to the will of God), root of the word is Salam which means peace.
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Allah
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God
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Muslim
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One who submits to God and practices Islam.
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Qur’an
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The holy text revealed to Muhammad. A primary source.
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Muhammad
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The final prophet, received the Qur’an, a messenger, a man and an exemplar.
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Adhan
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The call for the daily prayers by a Mu’adhin.
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Ali
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The nephew of Muhammad who married Fatima and became the 4th caliph.
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Ayat
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Plural of Ayah = miracle or sign. Qur’an is a miracle, each verse or sentence is an Ayah (miracle).
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Ayatollah
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“Sign of God,” title of a high ranking Shii religious leader.
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Caliph/Caliphate
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For Sunni Muslims, successor of Muhammad as leader of the Islamic community.
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Exemplar
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One worthy of being imitated, a model.
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Fatima
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The first daughter of Muhammad who married her cousin Ali.
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Hajj
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Annual pilgrimage to Mecca required of all Muslims at least once in their lifetime if the means allow it.
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Hijra
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Migration: from a bad way of life to a righteous one; to seek sanctuary or freedom from religious persecution; emigration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina in 622 CE where he established rule of Muslim community-state.
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Imam
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“Leader,” prayer leader. Shii—successor of Prophet M, descendant of Ali who governs a divinely inspired religiopolitical leader of Islamic community.
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Iman
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Faith and trust in Allah. Religious belief or conviction in the fundamental doctrines of Islam.
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Jihad
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“strive, effort, struggle” to follow Islam, can include defense of the faith, armed struggle, personal struggle.
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Mohammedan
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An old term no longer used implying that Muhammad was like Christ in that he was divine and played the same role. Muhammad was human.
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Qadi/Kadhi
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Judge who administers Shariah law.
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Khadija
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The first wife of the Prophet Muhammad. An older women (20+yrs) a wealthy commercial merchant.
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Mecca
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Birth place of Muhammad. Location of the pilgrimage. An important commercial and religious centre. The Kaba is located in Mecca.
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Medina
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Where M moved to in 622, a Muslim community that M ruled over. An important center of trade, commerce and spread of Islam.
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Ramadan
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the holy month of prescribed fasting for the Muslims. It was during this month that the Quranic revelations began.
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Salat
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Official prayer or worship observed five times daily. Spiritual relationship and communication between the creature and his creator.
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Sawm
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Fasting, the 4th pillar of Islam which requires abstention from food and drink from dawn to sunset during the month of Ramadan the 9th month of the lunar calendar.
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Shahada
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Confession or profession of faith: “There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His Prophet/Messenger.” Say it to convert to Islam.
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Shari’ah
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“path”, Islamic law.
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Shi’a, Shii
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“party or faction” of Ali, those Muslims who believe that Muhammad designated Ali and his rightful descendants as the true leaders of the Muslim community.
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Shirk
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Idolatry, polytheism, or associationism, to associate any other deity, person or thing with God.
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Sunna
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The way of life of the Prophet, the teachings of Muhammad a great source of spirituality for Muslims.
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Surah
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A chapter in the Qur’an. There are appx. 114 surrahs.
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Tafsir
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Interpretation or commentary of the surahs, human judgment.
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Tawhid
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Confirming the Oneness of Allah. It is the basis of Islam. Unity of God (absolute monotheism), Allah’s absolute sovereignty over the universe.
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Ulama
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Religious scholars or clergy. The learned, knowledgeable people in Islam.
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Ummah
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Islamic community, refers to the worldwide Muslim community.
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Zakat
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Annual alms tax or tithe of 2.5% levied on wealth and distributed to the poor. One of the five pillars of Islam.
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