Honors Bio Chapter 5

Front 1

Metabolism

Back 1

All of the chemical reactions inside the body

Hint 1

Reactions to keep cells in the living state

Front 2

Biosynthesis

Back 2

A living organism, using ATP, forming complex chemical compounds

Hint 2

Also called biogenesis or anabolism

Front 3

Decomposition

Back 3

Chemical reaction that breaks down substances and creates energy.

Hint 3

Rotting or decaying

Front 4

Cell Respiration

Back 4

Decomposition of oxidized substances that releases free energy

Hint 4

Cells release energy from chemical bonds

Front 5

Aerobic

Back 5

Sugar becomes water and CO2 in the presence of oxygen

Hint 5

Improves cardiovascular system

Front 6

Anaerobic

Back 6

Sugar becomes water and CO2 in the absence of oxygen

Hint 6

Triggers lactate formation

Front 7

Fermentation

Back 7

Happens in an anaerobic cell after glycolysis

Hint 7

Sugar to acids, gases, or alcohols

Front 8

Glycolysis

Back 8

Pyruvate and glucose breakdown as the first step of cell respiration

Hint 8

Converts glucose to pyruvate

Front 9

Glucose

Back 9

A six carbon sugar

Hint 9

C6H12O6

Front 10

Kreb's Cycle

Back 10

Glucose finishes breaking down and electron carriers are decreased

Hint 10

2nd stage of cell respiration

Front 11

NAD+/NADH

Back 11

Cells similar to NADPH but hold a little energy over a short period of time

Hint 11

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

Front 12

FAD/FADH2

Back 12

Hydrogen carrier molecule reduced in Kreb's Cycle

Hint 12

__ reduces oxygen and the product is water

Front 13

Electron Transport System (ETS)

Back 13

Compromised of proteins and enzymes

Hint 13

3rd stage of aerobic cell respiration

Front 14

ATP

Back 14

A molecule that stores a little energy for a short time.

Hint 14

Used to transport energy in cells

Front 15

Cytochromes

Back 15

Proteins and enzymes in ETS

Hint 15

Electrons pass through __ during ETS

Front 16

Facultative Aerobes

Back 16

Bacteria that can perform both aerobic and anaerobic respiration

Hint 16

Type of respiration depends on environment

Front 17

Obligate Anaerobes

Back 17

Bacteria that can only perform anaerobic respiration

Hint 17

Inside human intestines

Front 18

Obligate Aerobes

Back 18

Bacteria that can only perform aerobic respiration

Hint 18

Can not survive without oxygen

Front 19

Hydrolysis

Back 19

A reaction with water that causes compounds to chemically break down

Hint 19

3 main types: salt, acid, base

Front 20

Oxidize

Back 20

To become chemically combined with oxygen

Hint 20

O -> O2

Front 21

Reduce

Back 21

When molecules gain electrons

Hint 21

Getting a negative charge

Front 22

ATP Synthase

Back 22

An enzyme that provides energy, through synthesis, for the cell

Hint 22

Most commonly used energy currency

Front 23

Pyruvate

Back 23

A 3-Carbon compound

Hint 23

Formed from glucose

Front 24

Lactate

Back 24

A 3-carbon acid formed during anaerobic respiration

Hint 24

Created during lactic acid fermentation

Front 25

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Back 25

NADH and pyruvate are converted back to NAD+ and lactate

Hint 25

1 type of anaerobic respiration

Front 26

Mitochondrion

Back 26

Organelle where Kreb's cycle and ETS happen

Hint 26

ATP is synthesized

Front 27

Matrix

Back 27

Organic molecule oxidation site

Hint 27

Where Kreb's enzymes are found

Front 28

Christae

Back 28

Interior mitochondria membrane

Hint 28

Similar to thylakoid membranes

Front 29

Acetate

Back 29

2-Carbon acid

Hint 29

Formed when Pyruvate releases a CO2 molecule

Front 30

Citrate

Back 30

6-Carbon acid

Hint 30

Formed by citric acid

Front 31

Coenzyme A/Acetyl CoA

Back 31

During the Kreb's Cycle, it provides carbon to be oxidized

Hint 31

Carrier molecule that combines with acetate