Honors Bio, Chap. 6, Hanna Beaulieu

Front 1

Cell Theory

Back 1

Created in the 1800's which is the idea of cells being the basic unit of life

Hint 1

1. Cells are units of structure and function in organisms

2. All cells from preexisting cells

Front 2

Prokaryotes

Back 2

Simple living cells, they are found everywhere

Hint 2

1. Simple bacteria

2. Found in soil, some found in extreme environments

Front 3

Eukaryotes

Back 3

Complex cells, much bigger than prokaryotes

Hint 3

1. Multicellular organism

2. They have many parts, each with a different function.

Front 4

Nucleus

Back 4

Contains DNA of eukaryotic cells

Hint 4

2. Membrane enclosed structure

Front 5

Chromosome

Back 5

Double stranded DNA in a circular form.

Hint 5

2. Attached to plasma membrane

Front 6

Nucleoid

Back 6

Nuclear region

Hint 6

2. Where chromosomes are located.

Front 7

Plasmids

Back 7

Bacteria contain smaller DNA molecules

Hint 7

2. Contain genes that help bacteria survive in specific conditions

Front 8

Flagella

Back 8

Proteins that rotate, they can swim through water or body fluids.

Hint 8

2. Long and whiplike extensions.

Front 9

Cell/Plasma membrane

Back 9

Encloses the contents of a cell, eukaryotic and prokaryotic

Hint 9

2. Chromosomes are attached to this

Front 10

Cell Wall

Back 10

Supports and protects the cell

Hint 10

1. Rigid structure

2. Animals lack a firm ______

Front 11

Ribosomes

Back 11

Catalyzes the fusion of cell proteins

Hint 11

2. RNA

Front 12

Cytoplasm

Back 12

Cellular material

Hint 12

2. Outside the nucleus

Front 13

Cytosol

Back 13

Solution where organelles were thought to float

Hint 13

2. Cytoplasm include _____ and organelles.

Front 14

Organelles

Back 14

Eukaryotic cell that has own structure and function is considered it.

Hint 14

2. Small functional parts

Front 15

Nucleolus

Back 15

Site where protein synthesizing machinery will have RNA join.

Hint 15

2. Nucleoli singular of this

Front 16

Cytoskeleton

Back 16

Changes in protein enable cells to change shape or move

Hint 16

2. Holds organelles in place or moves them

Front 17

Microtubules

Back 17

Move special organelles to attach to special attachment proteins

Hint 17

2. Cytoskeletons include this

Front 18

Microfilaments

Back 18

Solid flexible strands

Hint 18

2. 5 nm thick

Front 19

Rough ER

Back 19

Embedded with ribosomes

Hint 19

2. Transport materials through out the cell

Front 20

Smooth ER

Back 20

Lacks ribosomes

Hint 20

2. Carries proteins to their destination inside or outside of the cell

Front 21

Golgi Apparatus

Back 21

Sacs that modify or pack macromolecules in vesicles

Hint 21

2. Many substances pass through the ER to ______

Front 22

Vesicles

Back 22

Deliver contents to other organisms

Hint 22

1. Can fuse with plasma membranes

2. _______ pinch off the Golgi Apparatus

Front 23

Lysosomes

Back 23

Formed from rising Golgi Apparatus

Hint 23

1. Site of intracellular digestion

2. Fuses with vesicles that contain food particles

Front 24

Vacuoles

Back 24

Vesicles that enlarge as the cell matures

Hint 24

2. Contains substances that give plants their color

Front 25

Centrioles

Back 25

Formed by microtubules

Hint 25

2. Occurs in pairs during interphase

Front 26

Cilia

Back 26

Short flagella

Hint 26

2. Cells that have ____ are covered with hundreds of them, and they are arranged in rows

Front 27

Mitochondria

Back 27

Powerhouse of the cell, major sites of ATP synthase

Hint 27

1. Double membrane organelles

2. Involved in energy reactions that occur within the cell

Front 28

Chloroplasts

Back 28

Forms thylakoids where light absorbing pigments are located

Hint 28

2. All photosynthesis reactions occur here.

Front 29

Colony

Back 29

Where unicellular microorganisms live

Hint 29

1. Members of a ______ are usually related

2. Cells are organized into a unit that work together to move the _____

Front 30

Multicellular

Back 30

An organism that has more than one cell

Hint 30

2. Each cell has an individual life and can break away at any point

Front 31

Cell Differentiation

Back 31

Cell that have specific knowledge become specialized and then preform a specific job

Hint 31

2. Liver cells has a specific job

Front 32

Tissue

Back 32

A layer of cells

Hint 32

2. Animals and plants have different types of _________

Front 33

Organ

Back 33

Different tissue are organized into this

Hint 33

2. Incorporated into systems

Front 34

Organ System

Back 34

Group of organs that work together

Hint 34

2. Circulatory System is part of an _______

Front 35

Organism

Back 35

They are composed of cells

Hint 35

1. Humans are ________

2. There are billions, such as bacteria, yeast and algae.