Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Cytoplasm |
The matter that fills up cells
|
1. (image) 2. The ____ is about 80% water and usually colorless. |
|
|
Phospholipids |
A kind of lipids which is a major component of cell membranes
|
1. (image) 2. Phospholipids can form lipid bilayers. |
|
|
Phospholipid bilayer |
A structure composed by two layers of phospholipids that form cell membranes |
1. (image) 2. The ____ form the barrier of cells. |
|
|
Polar |
Either positively or negatively charged |
1. H2O is an example of ____ molecules because it's slightly changed on its ends. 2. (image) |
|
|
Nonpolar |
There is an equal sharing of electrons causing not charged |
1. (image) 2. On the Pauling scale, if the result is less than 0.4, the bond is generally ____ covalent. |
|
|
Transport proteins |
A special protein that helps large polar molecules and ions pass through the cell membranes |
1. (image) 2. ____ are embedded in the membrane. |
|
|
Selective permeability |
A characteristic that cell membranes have---- to be permeable to some substances but would reject others. |
1. (image) 2. The phospholipid bilayer has ____ |
|
|
Glycoproteins |
Receptor protein embedded in membranes that has sugar attached to it |
1. (image) 2. ____ act as antennae that receive chemical messages from other cells |
|
|
Glycolipids |
Receptor lipid embedded in membranes that has sugar attached to it |
1. (image) 2. ____ play the similar role as glycoproteins. |
|
|
Fluid Mosaic Model |
A model that explains the structure of a cell membrane----composed of phospholipids, glycolipids and glycoprotein along with carbohydrates. |
1. (image) 2. The fluidity in fluid mosaic model is provided by phospholipids bilayers. |
|
|
Diffusion |
A phenomenon that shown by molecules moved from high concentration area to low concentration area. |
1. (image) 2. the entropy of a system increases when ____ occurs |
|
|
Concentration gradient |
Describes the fact that there's gap between the concentration of two areas |
1. (images) 2. ____ is used by cells as a way to store potential energy |
|
|
Osmosis |
A kind of diffusion that water goes across cell membrane because of concentration gradient |
1. (image) 2. ____ is responsible for the movement of water across membranes. |
|
|
Turgor |
The existence of an outside pressure against the cell membrane |
1. (image) 2. increased ____ makes the cell swells |
|
|
Isotonic |
The situation that the rate of water goes in and out of a cell membrane equals. |
1. (image) 2. ____ occurs when there the inside and outside of a membrane have the same concentration |
|
|
Hypotonic |
The situation that water goes into the cell membrane more than normal. |
1. (image) 2. ____ occurs when the inside of the membrane has a higher concentration than outside |
|
|
Hypertonic |
The situation that water goes out of the cell membrane more than normal. |
1. ____ occurs when the outside of the membrane has a higher concentration than inside. 2. ____ causes cell contents shrink |
|
|
Passive transport |
The movement of substances along with their concentration gradients |
1. (image) 2. ____ requires no input of energy |
|
|
Active transport |
The movement of substances against their concentration gradients |
1. (image)
2. ____ requires energy |
|
|
Facilitated diffusion |
The movement of some molecules move along their concentration gradients with help of transport proteins |
1. (image) 2. ____ makes transport more specific and speeds up the rate |
|
|
Endocytosis |
The movement of large molecules move into a cell by a specific active transport that requires energy |
1. (image) 2. ____ is a useful way of getting food for unicellular organisms |
|
|
Exocytosis |
The movement of very large molecules move out of a cell to a external environment that requires energy |
1. (image) 2. ____ helps cells remove waste materials |
