Honors Bio, Ch.2, Brady Speed

Front 1

Nutrients

Back 1

A substance that gives the nourishment that is essential for growth and life.

Hint 1

1.) Essential for life

2.) Gives nourishment

Front 2

Heterotrophs

Back 2

An organism that gets its energy and nutrients by digesting other living organisms.

Hint 2

1.) Digests other living organisms.

2.) Also called consumers

Front 3

Autotrophs

Back 3

An organism that can meet its nutritional requirements from nonliving sources like sunlight, minerals and air.

Hint 3

1.) They also are called producers.

2.) Uses non living sources

Front 4

Photoautotrophs

Back 4

Organisms that are able to synthesize their own organic substances from light.

Hint 4

1.) They are usually green

2.) Use light

Front 5

Photosynthesis

Back 5

When green plants and a few other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon and water.

Hint 5

1.) Done with carbon and water

2.) Certain organisms do this with the sunlight.

Front 6

Chemoautotrophs

Back 6

An organism, usually a type of bacteria that uses oxidation to get energy from inorganic compounds.

Hint 6

1.) Gets energy from inorganic compounds

2.) Usually bacteria

Front 7

Chemosynthesis

Back 7

The synthesis of organic compounds that is usually done by bacteria using energy from inorganic chemical reactions.

Hint 7

1.) Done by bacteria

2.) ____ uses energy from inorganic chemical reactions

Front 8

Cell respiration

Back 8

The oxidation of food molecules to carbon dioxide and water.

Hint 8

1.) ___ is a type of oxidation

2.) Done to food molecules

Front 9

Producers

Back 9

An autotroph that are the source of food for other organisms in a food chain.

Hint 9

1.) An example would be grass

2.) A source of food

Front 10

Consumers

Back 10

Heterotrophs that feed on other organisms in a food chain. They cannot create their own food.

Hint 10

1.) Feed on other organisms

2.) An example would be a bear

Front 11

Decomposers

Back 11

Organisms that break down dead and decaying organisms for energy. They are the reason for decomposition and, like consumers, cannot create their own food.

Hint 11

1.) Break down dead organisms

2.) Mushrooms are an example of these

Front 12

Food web

Back 12

Relationships that are formed between producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem. They show the transfer of energy and nutrients.

Hint 12

1.) ___ is the relationships formed

2.) Shows transfer of energy and nutrients

Front 13

Biotic

Back 13

Of or having to do with life or living organisms.

Hint 13

1.) Living things

Front 14

Abiotic

Back 14

Something that is physical rather than biological. Does not come from living organisms.

Hint 14

1.) Nonliving things

Front 15

Ecosystems

Back 15

All biotic and abiotic factors in a particular place

Hint 15

1.) Made up of biotic and abiotic factors

Front 16

Habitats

Back 16

The environment or natural home of an organism.

Hint 16

1.) ___ is a natural home

Front 17

Biosphere

Back 17

The part of earth and the atmosphere that are capable of supporting life. All of the ecosystems on Earth.

Hint 17

1.) Contains all of the ecosystems on Earth.

Front 18

Energy

Back 18

The capacity or ability to do work

Hint 18

1.) ___ is needed to do things mentally or physically

2.) "do work"

Front 19

Chemical energy

Back 19

Energy that is stored in chemical compounds and that is released as a chemical reaction.

Hint 19

1.) Released in a chemical reaction

2.) Stored in chemical compounds

Front 20

Free energy

Back 20

The part of chemical energy that is available to do work.

Hint 20

1.) ___ is available to do work

2.) ___ is a part of che

Front 21

Heat energy

Back 21

A thermodynamic quantity that is equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work.

Hint 21

1.) ____ is a thermodynamic quantity.

Front 22

First Law of Thermodynamics

Back 22

Energy cannot be created or destroyed but it can be converted into different forms.

Hint 22

1.) There are two parts to this

2.) Energy cannot be created or destroyed

Front 23

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Back 23

Systems tend to change in a way that increases the entropy of the system and its surroundings.

Hint 23

1.) ___ states that there is an increase

2.) 2nd

Front 24

Entropy

Back 24

A thermodynamic quantity that shows the amount of energy in a system that is no longer available to do work.

Hint 24

1.) ____ is a thermodynamic quantity

2.) No longer available to do work

Front 25

Enzymes

Back 25

Proteins that lower the energy needed for biochemical reactions. Allows for a much faster rate for reaction.

Hint 25

1.) They are proteins

2.) Catalysts

Front 26

Catalysts

Back 26

Any chemical that lowers the activation energy needed.

Hint 26

1.) Enzymes are an example of this

2.) ____ lower the activation energy needed

Front 27

Active site

Back 27

A small region on an enzyme that binds to a protein or another substance during a reaction

Hint 27

1.) Small region

2.) Binds to protein

Front 28

Substrate

Back 28

The material or substance where an enzyme acts.

Hint 28

1.) The ___ is where an enzyme acts

Front 29

Metabolism

Back 29

The physical and chemical processes that happen within a living cell or organism that are necessary for life. The metabolism breaks down some substances to create energy or synthesizes other substances that are necessary for life.

Hint 29

1.) The ___ creates energy and synthesizes

2.) The ___ is necessary for life

Front 30

Synthesis

Back 30

The process of producing chemical compounds from the reactions of simpler substances.

Hint 30

1.) ___ produces chemical compounds

2.) Uses simpler substances

Front 31

Decomposition

Back 31

The process of rotting.

Hint 31

1.) Decay

Front 32

Biosynthesis

Back 32

The production of molecules within living cells.

Hint 32

1.) Happens in living cells

2.) Production

Front 33

Oxidation

Back 33

A chemical reaction where there is a loss of electrons or a gain of oxygen.

Hint 33

1.) It is a chemical reaction

2.) There is either a loss of ___ or a gain of ___.

Front 34

ATP

Back 34

Adenosine triphosphate. It transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism.

Hint 34

1.) Transports energy

2.) ___ is for your metabolism

Front 35

ADP

Back 35

Adenosine diphosphate. It is a nucleotide that is made up of adenosine and two phosphate groups. It is converted into ATP for the storage of energy in living cells.

Hint 35

1.) It is a nucleotide

2.) Contains adenosine