Honors Bio., Ch. 6, Adeline Paradis

Front 1

Cell theory

Back 1

Scientific theory describing the property of cells

Hint 1

1. Cells are basic unit of structure and reproduction

2. All life forms are made from one or more cells

Front 2

Prokaryotes

Back 2

Single called organism that does not have a membrane bound nucleus

Hint 2

1. Typically bacteria

2. Unlike eukaryotes

Front 3

Eukaryotes

Back 3

DNA is contained within a distinct nucleus

Hint 3

1. All living organisms besides eubacteria and achaebacteria

2. Have organelles

3. Means true nucleus

Front 4

Nucleus

Back 4

Dense organelle containing genetic material

Hint 4

1. Comand center of cell

2. "The nucleus takes over controlling everything"

3. Bound by a double membrane

Front 5

Chromosome

Back 5

Structures that are thread like located inside the nucleus

Hint 5

1. Made of protein and a single molecule of DNA

2. X shaped

Front 6

Nucleoid

Back 6

Contains most of genetic material in a prokaryote

Hint 6

1. Means "nucleus like"

2. Not bound by a nuclear membrane

Front 7

Plasmids

Back 7

Double stranded DNA molecule

Hint 7

1. Can replicate independent of the chromosomes

2. Often used in experiments that manipulate genes

3. Spherical

Front 8

Flagella

Back 8

Whip like structure that allows cells to move

Hint 8

1. Move liquid past the surface of the cell

Front 9

Cell/plasma membrane

Back 9

Separates interior of cells from the outside invironment

Hint 9

1. AKA cytoplasmic membrane

2. Selectively permeable

3. Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

Front 10

Cell wall

Back 10

Rigid layer of polysaccharides out of a plants cell membrane

Hint 10

1. Used to maintain structure and protect the cell

Front 11

Ribosomes

Back 11

Responsible for producing protein in all cells

Hint 11

1. 2/3 RNA and 1/3 protein

Front 12

Cytoplasm

Back 12

Thick solution that fills each cell

Hint 12

1. Enclosed by cell membrane

2. Composed of water, salts and proteins

Front 13

Cytosol

Back 13

Fluid part of cytoplasm

Hint 13

1. Aqueous component

2. Not held by any organelles in the cell

Front 14

Organelles

Back 14

Structure with specialized function

Hint 14

1. Located in cytoplasm

2. "Cells, cells, they're made of organelles"

Front 15

Nucleolus

Back 15

Small body in the nucleus containing protein and RNA

Hint 15

1. Involved in ribosomal RNA synthesis

Front 16

Cytoskelton

Back 16

Helps cells maintain shape and internal organization

Hint 16

1. Helps cells carry out important functions like division and movement

2. Made up of protein filaments

Front 17

Microtubules

Back 17

Tubular structure that helps form intracellular highways and moveable appendages

Hint 17

1. Responsible from various kinds of movement

Front 18

Microfilaments

Back 18

Tube like cell structure composed of protein

Hint 18

1. Form with Microtubules to make the cytoskeleton

2. Thinnest filaments of the cytoskeleton

Front 19

Rough ER

Back 19

Network of membranes involved in transport of materials with a surface studded with ribosomes

Hint 19

1. Tubular

2. Within cytoplasm

Front 20

Smooth ER

Back 20

Network of membranes involved in transport of materials With a smooth surface

Hint 20

1. Similar function as rough ER

2. Produces hormones and lipids

Front 21

Golgi apparatus

Back 21

Complex of vesicles and folded membranes involved in intracellular transport

Hint 21

1. Usually near the nucleus

3. Packaging organelle

Front 22

Vesicles

Back 22

Fluid or air filled sac

Hint 22

1. Small structure, helps form Golgi apparatus

Front 23

Lysosomes

Back 23

Specialized vesicle

Hint 23

1. Holds a variety of enzymes

2. Serve as digestive compartments

Front 24

Vacuoles

Back 24

Storage units of cells usually filled with water

Hint 24

1. "In the vacuole we could float around for hours..."

2. Present in all plant cells

Front 25

Centrioles

Back 25

Helps cellular division, found near the nucleus

Hint 25

1. Found in pairs

2. Found only in animal cells

Front 26

Cilia

Back 26

Hairlike structures that extend from the outside of the cell

Hint 26

1. Identical to flagella

Front 27

Mitochondria

Back 27

Organelle that produces energy for the cell

Hint 27

1. Powerhouse of the cell

2. Site of respiration and energy production

Front 28

Chloroplast

Back 28

Absorbs sun to create process of photosynthesis in a plant cell

Hint 28

1. "Running round with chloroplasts lovin sun like showers"

Front 29

Colony

Back 29

Group of organisms cluster together

Hint 29

1. Presumably came from the same cell

Front 30

Multicellular

Back 30

Organisms consisting of more than one cell

Hint 30

1. Opposite of unicellular

Front 31

Cell differentiation

Back 31

The process of a cell changing from one cell type to another

Hint 31

1. Less specialized-> more specialized

2. Common in cell growth

Front 32

Tissue

Back 32

Ensemble of similar cells of the same origin

Hint 32

1. Form organs

2. Structure level between cells and organs

Front 33

Organ

Back 33

Collection of tissues that serve a common function

Hint 33

1. Made up of multiple tissues

2. AKA viscus

Front 34

Organ system

Back 34

Collection of organs with similar function

Hint 34

1. Nervous, circulatory, and respiratory are all _______s.

Front 35

Organism

Back 35

Any contiguous living system

Hint 35

1. Includes animals, plants, and bacteria