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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How does homeostasis reduce temperature of the body? |
Rise in temperature detected by the thermoregulatory centre using receptors in the blood and skin. Sweating - evaporation transfers thermal energy to kinetic energy Dilation of blood vessels - more blood flows closer to the surface; heat loss by radiation |
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How does homeostasis increase the temperature of the body? |
Decrease in temperature detected by the thermoregulatory centre using receptors in the blood and skin. Shivering - release more energy from respiration Hairs stand up - to trap air between hair to insulate the body Blood vessels to the skin constrict - reduces blood flow to the skin and reduces heat loss by radiation. |
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How does the body raise blood sugar? |
Change is detected by the pancreas. The hormone glucagon is produced. Stimulates the liver to convert glycogen into glucose which is released into the blood. |
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How does the body reduce blood sugar? |
Change is detected by the pancreas. Insulin is released into the bloodstream. Stimulates the liver to remove glucose from the blood and convert it into glycogen |
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What is Type 1 diabetes and how can it be treated? |
The person does not produce enough insulin. They can inject it, control their diet or control their exercise. |
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Why is high blood sugar a problem? |
It would make the water concentration of the blood low. Water would leave the cells by osmosis into the blood stream. |
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Why is low blood sugar a problem? |
It would make the water concentration of the blood high. Water would move into the cells by osmosis. As animal cells have no cell wall, they would burst. |
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Why do you need to control temperature? |
Too cold - enzymes would work slower (less kinetic energy, collisions and enzyme substrate complexes) Too hot - enzymes' active site would denature. They would no longer be complementary to the substrate ---> no enzyme-substrate complexes formed. |
