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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 types of hormone testing?
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Pregnancy testing
Female testing Male fertility Menopause |
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Describe days 1-12 of the female reproductive cycle
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Levels of estrogen and progesterone are low. Secretion of GnRH leads to release of FSH and LH
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Describe what happens during them midcycle
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Increased levels of LH lead to a mature follicle. An LH surge ruptures the follicle and an ovum is released
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Describe what happens in days 16-28
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The corpus luteum secretes progesterone and estrogen inhibiting the secretion of FSH and LH
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What hormone spikes if fertilization occurs?
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Chorionic Gonadotropic hormone
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What two medications can cause a false positive on a pregnancy test?
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Pregnyl
Novarel |
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How does a false negative result?
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By testing too early (before missed period) and refrigerated urine
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When should you refer to a PCP following a pregnancy test?
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Positive - follow up right away
Negative - follow up if 7 or more days after missed period |
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If a woman comes into the pharmacy looking to buy a home pregnancy test, what 3 things should be asked?
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When was your last menstrual period?
When do you expect your next menstrual period? What medications are you taking? |
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What three types of ovulation tests are there?
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Basal Body Temperature (BBT)
Urine tests Saliva tests |
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What 3 things may affect the results of an basal body temperature ovulation test?
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Emotions
Movement Stress |
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When is the best time to take this test?
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Before getting out of bed
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How does a Urinary Hormone ovulation test work?
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Uses monoclonal antibodies to detect LH levels in the urine
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Describe the proper technique in administering a urinary hormone test
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Start 2-3 days prior to expected ovulation
Midstream for 5-7 seconds First void of the day Wait 3-5 minutes to read results |
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What 3 things can cause a false positive?
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Medications thats promote ovulation (menotropins)
Menopause PCOS |
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When would you refer someone to their PCP?
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If conception has not occurred after 3 months of proper use.
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In administering a sperm concentration fertility test, how far apart must the two tests be?
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3-7 days
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How does a sperm motility, male fertility test work?
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Mimics cervical fluid and determines how fast the sperm swim towards the fluid.
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How does do menopause tests work?
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Uses monoclonal antibodies to detect FSH levels in the urine
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What is a positive result?
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25 IU/ml or more
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What are 2 disadvantages of menopause tests?
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Must test twice
Does not differentiate between perimenopause and menopause |
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What are the 3 infection detection tests?
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UTI
HIV Hep C |
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What two things are tested for in the urine in a UTI detection kit?
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Nitrites
Leukocyte esterase |
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What are the presence of nitrites indicative of?
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The presence of gram negative bacteria
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What is leukocyte esterase indicative of?
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The presence of WBCs
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What does a UTI Home Screening Test detect?
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The presence of nitrites and protein
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What do AZO strips detect?
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Nitrites and leukocyte esterase
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When would you refer someone using a home UTI kit to a PCP?
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Positive test result
Symptomatic with negative test result Mixed results |
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What 4 things can cause a false negative in a UTI test?
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Medications
Diet Organisms that do not break down nitrates Dilute urine |
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What 3 things can cause a false positive in a UTI test?
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Dyes in the urine
Blood in the urine Alkaline urine |
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How do home HIV tests work?
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They detect antibodies for HIV-1
Antibodies take 3-6 months to develop They are then sent to confirmatory lab |
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How does a Hep C test work?
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Detects antibodies for Hep C
Takes about 6 months to develop antibodies Sent to a confirmatory laboratory |
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How does a home drug test work?
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Positive results are sent away for confirmation
Gas chromatography and mass spec are used |
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What does the "First check home 12 drug test" detect?
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5 prescription drugs
7 illicit drugs - PCP, ecstasy |
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What does a "at home drug test" detect?
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5 illicit drugs- no PCP or ecstasy
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What can cause a false negative in a home drug screening?
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Diluted urine
Tampering |
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What can cause a false positive in a home drug screening?
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Medications - cough syrup, decongestants, poppy seeds
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Before taking blood pressure, wait 30 min if you have done these 4 things
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Eaten
Drank caffeine Smoked Exercised ***Sit quietly for a few minutes Feet flat on the floor |
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Automatic blood pressure monitors may not be suitable for these people
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Those with irregular heartbeats
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What 2 things can produce a falsely low reading?
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Eating within 30 minutes
Bathing within 10-15 minutes |
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These two things can produce falsely elevated readings
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Caffeine, smoking, exercising within 30 minutes
Certain medications - pseudoephrine |
