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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genetics |
The science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parents to offspring |
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Heredity |
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring |
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Allele |
One of the alternative forms of a gene that governs a characteristic, such as hair color |
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Dominant |
Describes the allele that is fully expressed when carried by only one of a pair of homologous chromosomes |
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Recessive |
Describes a trait or an allele that is expressed only when two recessive alleles for the same characteristic are inherited |
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Genotype |
The entire genetic makeup of an organism; also the combination of genes for one or more specific traits |
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Penotype |
An organism's appearance or other detectable characteristic that results from the organism's genotype and the environment |
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Heterozygous |
Describes an individual that has two different alleles for a trait |
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Homozygous |
Describes an individual that has identical alleles for a trait on both homologous chromosomes |
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Hybrid |
the offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties |
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Purebred |
an animal bred from parents of the same breed or variety. |
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Punnett Square |
a graphic used to predict the results of a genetic cross |
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Probability |
The likelihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instance of the event; the mathematical ration of the number of times one outcome of any event is likely to occur to the number of possible outcomes of the event |
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Pedigree |
A diagram that shows the occurence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |
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Genetic Carrier |
Person or other organism that has inherited a recessive allele for a genetic trait or mutation but does not display that trait or show symptoms of disease |
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Inbreeding |
The crossing or mating of plants or animals with close relatives |
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Sex Linked Trait |
A trait that is determined by a gene found on one of the sex chromosomes, such as the X chromosome of the Y chromosome in humans
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Incomplete Dominance |
A condition in which a trait in an individual is intermediate between the phenotype of the individual's two parents because the dominant allele is unable to express itself fully
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Codominance |
A condition in which both alleles for a gene are fully expressed |
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F1 Generation |
The first generation of offspring obtained from an experimental cross of two organinsms |
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P Generation |
Parental Generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross |
