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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biology
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The scientific study of living organisms and their environment.
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Cell
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In biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life functions; cells are covered by a membrane and have a nucleus and cytoplasm.
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Reproduction
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The process of producing offspring.
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Metabolism
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The sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism.
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Gene
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A segment of DNA that is located in a chromosome and that codes for a specific hereditary trait.
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Homeostasis
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The maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment, a constant internal state that is maintained in a changing environment by continually making adjustments to the internal and external environment.
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Mutation
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A change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule.
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Heredity
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The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.
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Evolution
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A change in the characteristics of a population from one generation to the next; the gradual development of organisms from other organisms since the beginning of life.
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Species
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A group of organisms that are closely related and naturally mate to produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies.
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Natural selection
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The process by which individuals that have favorable variations and are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals.
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Ecology
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The study if the interactions of living organisms with one another and with their environment.
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Genome
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The complete genetic material contained in an individual.
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HIV
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Human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS
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Cancer
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A tumor in which the cells begin dividing at an uncontrolled rate and become invasive
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Cystic fibrosis
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A fatal genetic disorder in which excessive amounts of mucus are secreted, blocking intestinal and bronchial ducts and causing difficulty in breathing.
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Gene therapy
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The replacement of a defective gene with a normal one.
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Observation
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The process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses.
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Hypothesis
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A theory or explanation that is based on observations and that can be tested.
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Prediction
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A statement made in advance that expresses the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis if the hypothesis is supported; the expected outcome if a hypothesis is accurate.
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