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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is holistic care?
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Holistic care considers all biological, social, psychological, and spiritual forces when treating a patient
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What does holistic care do?
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Treats what is sick but keeps whats healthy, healthy
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According to holism, what does health involve?
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The integration of body, mind and spirit
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What is the pirmary goal of holism?
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Achievement of wellness with high levels of engergy and well-being rather than simply an absence of symptoms
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What is health based on?
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Based on diet, exercise, sleep, stree level, alcohol, risk taking behaviors, etc.
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What does the inner capacity for health determine?
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Achieving positive wellness
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What is integrative care and what could be an example?
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Based on medical and complimentary alternative therapies. Yoga
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What is CAT often the most usefull for?
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Reducing stress that can contribue to illness, decrese symptoms and enhance the quality of life
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What is health?
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Everyones definition of health is different, nurse and patient need to find a common ground on what they beleive health is
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General definition of health
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The state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease
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General definition of wellness
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An individuals perception of balance and harmony
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General definition of illness
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A state in which a person feels unhealthy, deviation from physical, social and psychological well-being
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Critieria used to determine illness
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presence of symptoms, perception of how one feels, ability to carry out daily activities
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General definition of disease
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An alteration in body function and/or a shortening of the normal life span
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What is health, wellness, and illness influenced by?
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developmental status, social and cultural experiences, expectation/perception of self
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What is the health/illness continuum?
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graduated scale or grid that goes from well to ill, persons position is always changing, shows the bodys wide range of adaptation, influenced by internal and external factors
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What factors influence health/illness?
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genetic makeup, race, sex
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How does age and developmental level influence illness?
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very old have tired immune systems, very young have undeveloped immune systems
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How does emotional status influence illness?
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the more stress the more susceptibility and alternations in the immune system
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How does life style influence illness?
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eating habits, smoking, exercise, sleep, durg use, risk taking behaviors
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How does physical/geographical enviroment influnce illness?
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housing, sanitation, climate, pollution, allergens
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How does standard of living influence illness?
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lower standard may be unable to buy necessities, housing, copay or health care
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How does culture influence illness?
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home remedies, health definitions, fear of healthcare systems
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How does family influnce illness?
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inherited tendencies, health values, life style habits, abuse
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How doe self concept influence illness?
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feelings of hopeless, despair, fear, anxiety lead to illness and are less likely to take care of themselves
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What are health behaviors?
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actions taken by individuals to either promote or detract from their health status
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What influences health behaviors?
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how important health is to the person, perceived control, percevied threat of a specific disease, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, percieved benefits of precentive action, perceived value of early detection, perceived barriers to actions
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What are illness behaviors?
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activities exhibited by a person who feels ill to define his state of heath and sicover a suitable remedy
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What are illness behaviors influenced by?
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age, sex, occupation, socioeconomic status, religion, personality, education, coping mechanisms
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What are some emotional responses to illness?
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anxiety, shock, denial, anger, withdrawl
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What is an acute illness?
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rapid onset of symptoms, short duration, may or may not be life threatiening, may or may not require medical care, self treatment is common
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What is a chronic illness?
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slow onsetih with remission, and exacerbation, normal and&p are altered, permanent changes reslut, rehab often required, long term care and support are needed, requires acceptance of illness
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disease present but with no symptoms
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remission
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symptoms reappear
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exacerbation
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What can result from a chronic illness?
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grieving process over changes, concerned about finances, role, status, possiblity of early death
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What is the first stage of illness?
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symptom experience stage: physical symptoms, may be told "you look sick", may not see physician but seek support of others, may use home remedies, interprets own symptoms, may respond with fear and anxiety
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What is the second stage of illness?
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assumption of sick role: realizes he/she is sick, may give up some activities, may or may not see physician, continues home remedies, may still fear cause of illness, will improve or symptoms will continue and treatment sought
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What is the third stage of illness?
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assuming a dependent role/medical contatct stage: wants information about validation of illness, explanation of symptoms and reassurance, if illness is not validated may return to normal roles or seek another opinion
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What is the fourth stage of illness?
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dependent patient stage: may accept or reject professional opinion, may struggle with surrendering roles, obligations and independence, wants to mantain some control, needs open, exact communication, may become passive and accepting, will display carying degrees of independece/dependence, may become too comfortable in sick role
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What is the fifth stage of illness?
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recovery and rehab: return to normal roles and functioning, stage dependent upon seriousness and lenght of illness and adjustments needed, physical funtioning may return before social functioning
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What are some nurse implications during the stages of illness?
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clients can experience loss of privacy, autonomy and life styles, assist in mutual goal setting, assess what client can do for self and what assistance is needed, provide caring and supportive enviroment, provide positive feedback for goals achieved
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How to care for the chronically ill
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clients require assistance to: live as normal lives as possible, learn how to modify adl's, maintain a positive self concept, control and hope, accept loss of previous funtioning and life style, follow prescribed therapies, confront the possibility of death
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What effect does illness have on a family?
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extent of effect is related to: which member of the family is ill, how serious and how long the illness is, cultural and social customs of the family; the more dependent the family is upon the ill member, the greater the effect
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What are some changes caused by an ill memeber?
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role changes, task and assignment changes, increased stress, financial changes, loneliness, anticipartory grieving, changes in social customs
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What is primary preventive care?
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health promotion and specific protections against disease, focuses on those not experiencing problems
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What is secondary preventive care?
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focuses on early detection of disease, prompt intervention and health maintenance for patients experiencing health problems
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What is tertiary preventive care?
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begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated to reduce disablitiy to help rehab patients to a max level of functioning
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How should nurses be role models?
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must take care of their own health, model behaviors that are also important to the well-being of those for whom they care
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