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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
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Idea that the "Horsemen" carried war, plague, famine, and death
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Golden Age
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A period of time termed by writers and artists at the time used to describe the Renaissance. In this period artists and writers thrived
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Renaissance
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A French word first used by historian Giorgio Vasari, meaning rebirth of the culture of classical antiquity. English adopted French term
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Rinascita
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Renaissance was translated from this italian word into French
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Giorgio Vasari
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-First used the word Renaissance to describe the art of rare men of genius
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Michelangelo
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Contempory of Vasari who also elaborated on the word Renaissance
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Vasari's Judgments
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-Judged the glory of the classical past
-Used Renaissance to describe painting sculpture and architecture |
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Major Arts
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A term used to describe Painting, sculpture, and architecture
-Used to Describe on of Vasari's usage of the word Renaissance |
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Italy in Renaissance Period
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-Word Derived from Italy
Italian art of the fourteenth century is described as Renaissance |
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Basis for the Renaissance
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Economic Growth
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Economic Growth
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Basis for the Renaissance
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Florence
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-The first artistic and literary manifestations of the Italian Renaissance were found in this city
-Because of enormously strong economy, crises could not harm this city |
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Edward III of England
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-Repudiated his huge debts to Florentine bankers and forced some of them into bankruptcy
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Communes
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Associations of merchants in Italian cities who sought political and economic independence from local nobles
-Members desired self government |
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Oligarchy
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Form of govt used to describe the ruling of Italian feudal nobility and the commercial elite in the Renaissance period
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Popolo
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Disenfranchised, common who resented their exclusion from power
(Italian) |
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Republican Governments
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-Govt where political power theoretically resides in the people and is exercised by chosen reps
-Popolo type government |
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Condottieri
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Military leaders in Italian city-states who often took over political control as well
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Signori
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-Government by one-man rule, in which the ruler handed power down to his son
-Milan is an example (Italy) |
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Courts
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Magnificent households and palaces where the signori and the most powerful merchant oligarchs required political business to be conducted
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Patrons
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Patrician merchants and bankers, popes and princes, who supported the arts as a means of glorifying themselves and their families
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Five powers in Italian peninsula
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Venice, Milan, Florence, the Papal States, and the kingdom of Naples
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Venice
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-Enormous trade empire making it an international power
-Oligarchy of merchant ran the city -Republic in name but ^ |
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Milan
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-Called Republic
-Signori of Sforza ruled harshly |
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Florence (politically)
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-Republican
-At one point ruled by Medici banking family |
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Cosimo and Lorenzo
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Two who once ruled Florence "behind the scenes"
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Venice, Milan, Florence, the Papal States, and the kingdom of Naples
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Five powers in Italian peninsula
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Two who once ruled Florence "behind the scenes"
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Cosimo and Lorenzo
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Pope Alexander VI
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-Was aided militarily by his son Cesare Borgia
-Reasserted papal authority in the papal lands |
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Cesare Birgua
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-Son of Pope Alexander VI who aided his father
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Aragon
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gained control of naples
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Balance of Power
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-When one state gained a predominant position within the peninsula, other states would become alies to achieve equal power
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Charles VII
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-Inaugurated a new period in Italian and European power politics
-Italy became focus and battleground |
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Hasburg-Valois Wars
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-Series of conflicts taking place in France and the Holy Roman Empire
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Charles V
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-Emperor who led the frightful sack of Rome
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Francesco Petrach
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-Poet who thought he was living at the start of a new age, a period of light following a long night of Gothic gloom
-Said the Germanic migrations in inaugurated the "dark ages" -Thought he was witnessing a golden age |
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Studia humanitates
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The study of Latin classics
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Humanism
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The new philosophy that emphasized the critical study of Latin and Greek literature with the goal of understanding human nature
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Giovanni Pico della mirandola
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-Florentine writer who wrote the essay On the dignity of man
- Stressed that man posses great dignity because he was made as Adam in the image of God before the Fall and as Christ after the Resurrection |
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On the Dignity of Man
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-Written by Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
-Renaissance humanists retained a Christian perspective -Stressed that man possesses great dignity |
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Humanists belief
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-Rejected classical ideas that were opposed to Christianity
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Individualism
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-A basic feature of the Italian Renaissance that stressed personality, uniqueness, genius and self-consciousness
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