Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
assimilate
|
to become like the Americans in culture
|
|
Passage of the Dawes Act wanted to ____
|
"Americanize" the indians, broke up traditional reservations & made them smaller, forced them to own land & never move off it
|
|
Destruction of the Buffalo! How were they destroyed & what was the effect?
|
They were shot for sport, forced indians to assimilate, got in the way of the railroad
|
|
Because of the growth of cities-growing demand for ___
|
Beef!. . .cattle trails/drives
|
|
where is chisolm trail?
|
Fort Worth
|
|
What is the Homestead Act?
|
Offered 160 acres of land to citizens who were head of their household, would work 5 yrs until you owned it(white, male)
|
|
Creation of the barbed wire. what is it?
|
Fence w/out much wood to control cattle
|
|
What was the Oklahoma Land Rush?
|
Major land give-away attracted thousands & some took possession before the gov. declared it open & took it SOONER than they were supposed to; Oklahoma became known as the Sooner State
|
|
Farmers suffered economic hardships such as:
|
-cycle of mortgage & debt
-High RR rates -deflation of green backs *each problem led to the other |
|
What is the Grange
|
The 1st farmers' union, which grew into the farmers' alliance
|
|
what did the grange grow into
|
the farmers' alliance
|
|
What is the definition of populism
|
Demanded reforms to lift the burden of debt from farmers & other workers to give people a greater voice in their gov.
|
|
What is the movement of the people?
|
populism
|
|
What is the populist party?
|
populism
|
|
Populism is the 1st _________
|
3rd party
|
|
What is bimetallism
|
backing currency w/silver & gold
|
|
What is gold standard
|
backing durrency w/gold only
|
|
Why did populism end?
|
The democratic party lost the pres. election, so populism ended
|
|
What did Edwin L. Drake do?
|
successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil
|
|
What's the Bessemer Process?
|
injecting air into molten iron to remove the carbon & other impurities
|
|
Who's Thomas Alva Edison?
|
Pioneer on the new industrial frontier; established world's 1st research labratory
|
|
What did Christopher Sholes invent?
|
the typewriter
|
|
who invented the typewriter?
|
Christopher Sholes
|
|
Who successfully used a steam engine to drill for oil?
|
Edwin L. Drake
|
|
Who established the 1st research laboratory?
|
Thomas Edison
|
|
Alexandar Graham Bell invented the ________
|
telephone
|
|
Who invented the telephone?
|
Alexander Graham Bell
|
|
What's the Transcontinental Railroad?
|
A national railroad, which helped the country in transportation
|
|
What did George M. Pullman build?
|
a factory for manufacturing sleepers & other railroad cars on the Illinois praire
|
|
Who built a factor for manufacturing sleepers & other railroad cars on the Illinois prairie?
|
George M. Pullman
|
|
Credit Mobilier-what is it?
|
a fake company invented by a select few Union Pacific; supposed to get contracts to build RR, but tacked on extra $ for pocket. A few people from the Republican Party found out & took bribes, not $ but stock market, "donating" stock
|
|
Munn V. Illinois-what is it
|
supreme ct. held the granger Laws by a vote of 7 to 2. States won the right to regulate the railroads for a benefit of farmers & consumers
|
|
What gave the states the right to regulate the railroads?
|
Munn V. Illinois
|
|
What's the Interstate Commerce Act?
|
Established the right of the federal gov. to supervise RR activities & established a 5 member interstate commerce commission(ICC) for that purpose
|
|
What established the right of the fed. gov. to supervise the RR Activities
|
Interstate Commerce Act
|
|
Vertical Integration?
|
process in which companies buy out their suppliers in order to control the raw materials & transportation systems
|
|
Horizontal Integration?
|
companies producing similar products merge
|
|
social darwinism
|
grew out of the english naturalist charles darwin's theory of biological evolution
|
|
John D. Rockefeller
|
established the Standard Oil Comp
|
|
who established the standard oil comp
|
John d rockefeller
|
|
what's the sherman anti-trust act
|
banned monopolies, made it illegal to form a trust that interfered w/ free trade between states or w/ other countries
|
|
Who's Samuel Gompers
|
led the cigar makers International union to join w/other craft unions
|
|
who led the cigar makers international union to join w/other craft unions?
|
samual gompers
|
|
American Federation of Labor(AFL)
|
focused collective bargaining, or negotiation, between representatives of labor management, to reach written agreements on wages, hrs & working conditions
|
|
Who focused collective bargaining, or negotiation, between representatives of labor management, to reach written agreements on wages, hrs & working conditions
|
(AFL)American Federation of Labor
|
|
Who's Eugene V. Debs
|
attempted to form such an industrial union-the american railway union(ARU)
|
|
who attempted to form such an industrial union-the american railway union(ARU)
|
Eugene V. Debs
|
|
Industrial Workers of the World(IWW)
|
(the wobblies) welcomed blacks; an industrial union which included miners, lumberers & cannery & dock workers
|
|
who included blacks & was an industrial union that included miners, lumberers & cannery & dock workers?
|
IWW (industrial workers of the world)
|
|
Who is Mary Harris Jones?
|
Perhaps the most prominent organizer in the women's labor movement; supported the Great Strike of 1877 & later organized for the united mine workers of america
|
|
who was Perhaps the most prominent organizer in the women's labor movement; supported the Great Strike of 1877 & later organized for the united mine workers of america
|
Mary Harris Jones
|
|
What was the 1st american invention to spread worldwide?
|
time zones!
|
|
time zones where the 1st american invention to do what?
|
spread world wide!
|
|
What did RR industries need to build & run RR?
|
iron, steel, coal, lumber, & glass
|
|
what where iron, steel, coal, lumber & glass used for?
|
RR!, for building & running!
|
|
Where is Ellis island?
|
East coast of America in New York
|
|
Where is Angel Island?
|
West coast of America, San Francisco
|
|
What does melting pot mean
|
blend of many different cultures
|
|
what is nativism?
|
favoring own kind; extreme pride, hating outsiders coming in
|
|
What's the Chinese exclusion act?
|
restricted almost all Chinese immigrants
|
|
Gentleman's Agreement was
|
deal between US & Japan; Japan would limit emigration & US would end segregation of Japanese immigrants
|
|
what's a blend of many cultures
|
melting pot
|
|
what's favoring own kind; extreme pride, hating outsiders coming in
|
nativism
|
|
what restricted almost all chinese immigrants
|
chinese exclusion act
|
|
what was the deal that the us agreed to not segregate japanese, if japan would limit immigrants
|
Gentleman's aggreement
|
|
What's urbanization
|
unplanned rapid growth of cities
|
|
what's unplanned rapid growth of cities
|
urbanization
|
|
what's americanization
|
getting the diverse groups of immigrants to assimilate to american culture; assimilation
|
|
what's getting the diverse groups of immigrants to assimilate to american culture; assimilation
|
americanization
|
|
as technology, such as the electric tractor, made some farm jobs no longer used, many farmers' families moved to ______ to look for work
|
cities
|
|
why did farmers move to cities
|
farming jobs longer were used cuz of technology such as the electric tractor
|
|
what technology made some farm jobs no longer used?
|
electric tractor
|
|
what is tenement housing?
|
multiple families sharing a 1 family house
|
|
what was developed to help people get around cities
|
mass transit, such as street cars & subways
|
|
why were mass transits, such as street cars & subways made?
|
to help people get around cities
|
|
what's it called when multiple families live in 1 house?
|
tenement housing?
|
|
why was water a problem?
|
struggle to provide people w/safe water; most people didn't have indoor plumbing or even access to clean water
|
|
why was sanitation a problem?
|
horse manure piled up on streets, raw sewage flowed open in gutters, factories put out lots of foul smelling smoke
|
|
why was crime a problem?
|
grew rapidly in cities; new york had the first organized police, but most police forces couldn't combat the high crime rate, they didn't have good weapons
|
|
why was fire a problem?
|
because almost every building in cities were made of wood, fire spread quickly, plus candles & kerosene lamps were common fire starters & the lack of water didn't help either
|
|
what's the social gospel movement
|
reformers helped the poor while preaching salvation
|
|
what's it called when reformers helped the poor while preaching salvation?
|
social gospel movement
|
|
what are settlement houses
|
transition place for immigrants where reformers, such as jane addams(who had a really successful one) helped them find jobs/houses, learn english, basically assimilate to the american culture
|
|
what is a transition place for immigrants where reformers, such as jane addams(who had a really successful one) helped them find jobs/houses, learn english, basically assimilate to the american culture
|
settlement house
|
|
what's jane addams' settlement house called?
|
hull house
|
|
who's settlement house is called hull house?
|
jane addams
|
|
what's a political machine
|
organized group in pyramid structure that controlled the politics of a city by helping poor people, immigrants & business owners
|
|
who's the top in the political machine
|
machine boss/politician
|
|
what does the machine boss do?
|
controlled the money, progress, & gov. jobs of a city(he's like the king!), only 1 per city
|
|
Who's 2nd in the political machine?
|
Ward bosses, usually 5 per city
|
|
What do ward bosses do?
|
job was to secure the votes for their section of the city(5 per city)
|
|
Who's 3rd in the political machine?
|
prescient captains(usually 10) per city
|
|
what did prescient captains do?
|
worked more directly w/people of city to sway/buy their votes for the politician, then reported the ward boss
|
|
what's a graft
|
the illegal use of political influence for personal gain
|
|
what's the illegal use of political influence for personal gain
|
graft
|
|
who's boss tweed w/ the Tammany Hall scandal
|
most notorious political boss who ripped off NYC, was exposed by Political cartoonist, Thomas Nast
|
|
what's patronage
|
giving gov. jobs to friends/others who gave election support, (also known as spoils system)
|
|
what's giving gob. jobs to friends/others who gave election support(also known as spoils system)
|
patronage
|
|
what's civil service
|
gov. jobs should go to the person most qualified for the job
|
|
what's it called? gov jobs should go to person most qualified for job
|
civil service
|