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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Why did Cato want Carthage to be destroyed?
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Carthage was becoming too much of a threat to the Romans
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Cato ended all of speeches with what phrase?
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"Carthage must be destroyed"
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The Romans destroyed Carthage in 146 BC
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The Roman destroyed Carthage
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Survivors of the city were ____
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enslaved
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What was placed in the soil of Carthage to symbolize that the land would remain uninhabited?
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Salt
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Why were small farmers forced to leave their land?
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The wealthy landowners could afford sell their produce much more cheaply, driving the small farmers out of business
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The small farmers moved to ______ to search for work
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the cities
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Why did crime and violence increase in the city?
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There were too many unemployed people there, who would fight for food and clothes
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Who were Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus? What were they known as?
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They were brothers that served as tribunes- also known as the Gracchi
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What did the Gracchus brothers want to stop?
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They wanted to stop allowing the wealthy to rent so much government land, and wanted to divide this land among the small farmers who had been forced to move to the cities
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_______ landholders including many ____ opposed the Gracchi's reforms
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Wealthy, senators
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___ was murdered in 133, ____ was murdered in 121
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Tiberius was murdered in 133, Gaius in 121
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In 60 BC, three men formed a secret alliance to control the Roman government. Name these three men
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Julius Caesar, Crassus and Pompey
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Historians later called this group the first ________ . What does this also mean?
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Triumvirate-"ruled by three"
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All had served as ____, all were ____ and all were_____
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consul, senators and generals
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What did Julius Caesar do when he was away from Rome?
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He won many battles in Gaul (now called France_
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___ was then placed under Roman control
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Gaul
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_____ served as governor, called ___ there
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Julius Caesar, proconsul
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Caesar also won battles in __
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Britain
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in 53 BC ____ was killed while commanding his army
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Crassus
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____ became very___ of Caesar's victories
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Pompey, jealous
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In 50 BC ____ and the ____ ordered Caesae to return to Rome ____ his ____
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Pompey and the senate ordered Caesar to return to Rome without his troops
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In 49 BC Caesar returned to Rome _______ his_____
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WITH his troops
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______ ___ began between ___ troops and ___ troops
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Civil war began between Caesar's and Pompey's troops
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___ and some senators fled Rome
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Pompey
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Caesar became___
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dictator
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Who won in the Caesar vs. Pompey battle?
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Caesar
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___ was later killed
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Pompey
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In 44 BC, Caesar had himself named ___ __ __
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dictator for life
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Caesar instituted many _____ in the _____
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reforms in the republic
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Many _____ believed ____ _____ was ____ too much ______
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senators believed Julius Caesar was gaining too much power
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What is March 15 also called?
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The Ides of March
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______ _______ was _____ to death in the ______ by a group of ______
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Julius Caesar was stabbed to death in the senate by a group of senators
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Some of Caesar's friends were involved in the assasination including__
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Brutus
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His last words supposedly were
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"Et tu Brute?" (You too, Brutus?)
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In 43 BC, a second triumvirate was formed consisting of
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Ocatvian, Mark Antony and Lepidus
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Who was Octavian?
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Caesar's adopted on, his grandnephew
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Who was Mark Antony?
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A general who had been Caesar's right hand man
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In 42 BC, these three men defeated troops
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led by Caesar's murderers
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_____ and _____ forced_____ to retire
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Octavian and Antony forced Lepidus to retire
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Octavian and Antony ______ ___ _______ ______
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ruled the Roman Empire
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Who married Cleopatra?
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Antony
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Antony and Cleopatra fought ___ for the control fo the Roman republic
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Octavian
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in 31 ____ defeated their forces
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Octavian
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in 30 BC, ___ and ___ committed ____
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Antony and Cleopatra committed suicide
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Who became the firstRoman emperor?
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Octavian
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Octavian then became known as
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Augustus, Caesar or Caesar Augustus
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The Roman republic ended
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when Octavian became emperor
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What does Pax Romana mean
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Roman Peace
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No major wars during
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Pax Romana
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What was Pax Romana named for?
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The period beginning in 27 BC when Augustus became emperor and continuing until AD 180
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Beginning with ____ Romans were ruled by ___
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Augustus (octovian), emperors
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Most emperors ruled for ___ and used the title __
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life, Caesar
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During the first century, two of the emperors were ____ or __
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insane or mentally unstable
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This emperor was murdered by his own bodyguards and probably was insane
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Caligula
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During his reign, Rome was burned and he blamed the fire on the Christians. Supposedly fiddled while Rome burned and committed suicide after the Senate sentencedhim to death
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Nero
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The time period around the 2 century AD is known as
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The Five Good Emperors
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These emperors were ___________ ones
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competent ones
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One of the Five Good Emperors had a protective wall built in Northern Britain called ___________'s _____
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Hadrien's wall
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Last of the Five Good Emperors, Pax Romana ended when he died, was a philosopher
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Marcus Aurelius
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Thousands of miles of ____ were built; mainly for military purposes
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roads
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The roads were used extensively for
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trade
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What mountain erupted in AD 79 and covered the town of ______?
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Vesuvius, Pompeii
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Similar to the Greek Agora
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The Forum
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The government provided _____ and ___________ to keep people busy and happy
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food and amusement
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Name given to this technique was called "_____ and ____"
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"bread and circuses"
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