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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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General Reginal Dyer
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banned public gatherings and headed the massacre
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What did the Indians do to deny the ba n on public gatherings?
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On April 13, 1919 more than 10,000 Indians gathered in the city of Amritsar
British troops opened fire- and 379 Indians died This even was later named “The Amritsar Massacre” |
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Amritsar Massacre
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On April 13, 1919 more than 10,000 Indians gathered in the city of Amritsar
British troops opened fire- and 379 Indians died |
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satyagraha
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truth force
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who was Ghandi inspired by?
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Henry David Thoreau
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civil disobedience
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which is refusal to obey unjust laws
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What did Ghandi do for civil disobedience?
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called for a boycott of all british goods!
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The Salt March
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British laws forbade Indians to make their own salt. They could only buy highly taxed British salt
Gandhi led a 200 mile march to the ocean to make salt |
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How many Indian's were arrested in the Salt March?
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50,000+
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“Quit India"
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India refused to fight in WWII, saw it as Europea's war and did not want part. British saw they could not keep
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What year did India get their independence?
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1947
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Jawaharlal Nehru
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first prime minister of India
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Muhammad Ali Jinnah
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first governor general of Pakistan
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how many people moved in the migration from India to Pakistan and other way around?
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15 million
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Who shot Ghandi?
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Hindu extremist
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What did India's constitution include?
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ncluded a central government and governments of 25 states and 7 territories
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What country did India model their constitution after?
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USA BITCH
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T or F- India’s central government has more power than the US Federal government
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TRUE
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parliamentary democracy
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In it, the power lies in the hands if the political party that wins the most seats in parliament. The leader of the power becomes the Primes Minister
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2 houses of India's parliament-
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Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha
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how many political parties does India have?
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12+
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political parties represent the differences in
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castes, language, religious, and regional groups
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Bharata Janata Party
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leaders stressed Hindu views
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what party dominated India's parliament for a very long time?
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Congress Party
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coalition
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several parties join to rule a country
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Dividing forces of India
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Population
Caste System Cultural Diversity Sikh Separatism Hindu- Muslim Clashes |
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Population
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India’s large population has more than doubled since independence
Although the government has tried to meet the needs of more than 1 billion people, poverty and illiteracy are still widespread |
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Caste System
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The government has tried to limit the effects of the caste system
When trying to help the lower castes and the poor, there is often opposition from the hight castes The Untouchables The group that suffered the most out of the caste system was the untouchables, who were forces to live outside of society 1949- there was a law abolished untouchables Despite the laws, untouchables are still not fully accepted by Indians |
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Cultural Diversity
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Some ethnic and language groups have demanded their own states
Violence often ensues |
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Sikh Separatism
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Sikhism is a religious that blends Hinduism and Islam, It teaches belief in one god and an end to the caste system
Sikh separatists want to break away and form a separate country |
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Hindu- Muslim Clashes
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Although many Muslims fled to Pakistan more than 100 million Muslims still live in India
Numerous attacks between the two groups still are a dividing force in India |
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Unifying Forces of India
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The reason India has survived is its commitment of most Indians to democratic traditions.
Another bond is there religious faith that ties them together |
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Jawaharlal Nehru
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Nehru led India for 17 years after independence
His goal was to create a casteless, secular India |
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secular
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country is one that has no official religion
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Indira Gandhi-
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In 1966, Nehru’s daughter India Gandhi was elected Prime Minister
In 1984, two of her Sikh bodyguards shot and killed her |
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Ragiv Gandhi
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After her death, Indira’s son Rijiv Gandhi was elected Prime Minister
In 1991, he was murdered by group known as the Tamil Tigers |
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who created a 5 year economy plan for India?
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Jawaharlal Nehru
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what did Jawaharlal Nehru do to help the economy?
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He limited foreign investment to prevent foreigners from controlling Indian businessesi
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India is what number in the worlds economy?
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7th!
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tenant farmers
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people who rent land from large landowners and pay the owner a portion of their crops
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Green Revolution-
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when scientists invented seeds that produced larger harvests.
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when do the earliest remains of Indian art show up?
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Indus Valley civilization
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what helped shape are in India
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Buddhist religion
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Asoka
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first great supporter of the arts, had builders construct tall columns inscribed with messages praising peace and nonviolence.
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stupas
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dome shaped burial mounds- remains of Gandi and other men
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Cities grew around ____
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temples
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sculptors decorated every inch of temples with ___
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rich carvings
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Symbol of Buddha
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lotus flower
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what is important in Hindu and Buddhist?
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the wheel
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Islam forbids the use of ______
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images of people or aniamls
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calligraphy
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ornate form of writing
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Two epic Hindu poems
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Mahabharate and Ramyana
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Mahabharate
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long poem tells about a 12 year war between two branches of a royal family
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rogas
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traditional melodies
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talas
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traditional rhythms
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mudras
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hand gestures used for dancing
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where is Kashmir located?
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in the mountains that border India, Pakistan, and China
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the nation that controls Kashmir controls _____
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irrigation water
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what causes so much trouble in Kashmir?
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ruled by a Hindu prince and made up of mainly Muslims
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plebiscite
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popular vote, to let the people of Kashmir decide their future
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Does India and Pakistan have nucleur weapomds?
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OH YEAH BOIII
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Where did India stand in teh cold war?
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not on either side
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what territory strained relationships between China and India?
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Tibet
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where did Pakistan stand during the cold war?
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it chose a very strong non communist act
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____ and ____ create close ties between Pakistan and the Middle East.
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Geography and the close cultural relations
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Osama bin Laden
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leader of terrorist group al Qauda
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two areas of Pakistan
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West and East
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3 things that West and East have not in common
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geography languages and traditions
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which part of Pakistan dominated the governmemt?
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West
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What caused East Pakistan to break away
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1970 cyclone caused enormours damage and governmemt aid was slow so they broke away- VERY MAD
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what country did East India want to form?
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Bangladesh
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T or F- Bangladesh is densely populated.
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TRUE
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_____ and ____ have limited progress in Bangladesh.
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natural disasters and huge populations
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The countries of South Asia
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Pakistan, Bangladesh, Afganistan, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, India, and Nepal
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environmental issues
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how modernizatin will affect pollution etc
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Narmada Valley Project
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The Narmada Valley Project is the building of more than 30 major dams 3000 smaller dams on the Narmada River
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Supporters of Narmada Valley Project
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claim that the project will provide water to irrigate millions of acres of land
The dams will also produce electric power for thousands of villages and towns |
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haters of Narmada Valley Project
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Claim that the NVP will cause more harm than good
They believe that the dams will flood the farmland, destroy wildlife and displace up to 25,000 people |
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The Accident of Bhopal
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In 1984 ,an American owned chemical plant in the city of Bhopal India- leaked a deadly gas into the atmosphere that killed over 2000 people.
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How many more people does South Asia?
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26 million
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main reason for many environmental problems
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overpopulations
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Reasons for Such Large Families*
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1)Many farmers depend on children to work the land and support them in their old age
2)In areas where infant mortality is high, couples have many children to guarantee that some will live to adulthood 3)Many couples will keep having children until they have at least one son |
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buffer state
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situated between two larger hostile countries
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cottage industry
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a business or manufacturing activity carried on in a person's home.
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infant mortality
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the rate and number of how many children under one die each year
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