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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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On what grounds did President John Kennedy criticize the former Eisenhower's foreign policy?
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-Eisenhower relied to heavily on nuclear weapons
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What policy of the Soviet Union's leader, Nikita Khrushchev, provided a rationalization for President Kennedy's military buildup?
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-Kennedy exaggerated the threat to national security
-several developments in 1961 heighten the sense of crisis -"wars of national liberation" |
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What was the objective of the Bay of Pigs invasion? Was it successful?
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-anti Castro brigade to invade cuba
-Kennedy refused to provide military support and soon invaders quickly fell to Castro's forces -Kennedy was humiliated |
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What was authorized by the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
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-"all necessary measures to repel any armed attacks against the forces of the US and to prevent further aggression"
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What was the purpose of the Peace Corps?
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-open schools, provide health care
-assit with agriculture and small economic enterprises |
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What was the purpose of the Alliance for Progress?
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-pledging $20billion in Latin American aid over the next decade
-thwart communism and foster economic development |
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What about the situation on the ground in Vietnam made U.S. superior technology and fire power ineffective?
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-guerrilla warfare of the Vietnamese
-bombs containing napalm |
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Why did American military officials begin to caluculate their progress in body counts and kill rations in Vietnam after 1965?
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-no fixed battle front
-number of enemies killed relative to the cost in America and ARVN lives |
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What was the socioeconomic background of most U.S. soldiers in Vietnam?
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-poor and working class made up 80%
-women also |
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What group organized the first major protest in the U.S. against the war in Vietnam?
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-SDS students for a Democratic society
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What happened during the 1968 Tet Offensive and why is it considered an important turning point in the Vietnam War?
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-N. Vietnamese and Vietcong launched at takes on key cities, every major American base in South Vietnam, and the US Embassy in Saigon
-they had sign a truce and it was new year -it showed that the refused to be intimidated |
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What did the "Vietnamization" of the war in Vietnam in 1968 demonstrate about the U.S.'s objective in that region?
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-the Us would curtain its bombing of N. Vietnam
-Us started peace talk -the gradual escalation of the war was over and military strategy shifted |
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What group protested violently at the 1968 Democratic Naitonal Convention in Chicago?
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-Youth International Party (yippies)
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How did presidential candidates Humphrey and Nixon differ on Vietnam policy in 1968?
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-Nixon= honorable end, to the war
-Humphrey= had strong reservations about US policy in Vietnam (he was tied to Johnson's policies) |
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How did policy of detente allow the U.S. to exploit the increasing Soviet-Chinese conflict?
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-easing conflict with the Soviet Union
-did not abandon containment but meant focusing on issues of common concern |
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What was the purpose of the Strategic Arms Limiation Talks (SALT)? What president signed the treaty in 1972?
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-limit antiballistic missiles (ABMs) to two each
-Nixon |
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How did Americans respond to President Nixon's expansion of the Vietnam War into Cambodia?
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-more than 100,000 people protested in DC
-students boycotted classes, buying buildings -they were very angry |
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What U.S. policy was critized in the Pentagon Papers?
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-administration
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What was the purpose of the 1973 War Powers Act?
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-required the president to secure congressional approval for any substantial, long-term deployment of troops abroad
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Why did Vietnam veterans feel betrayed by their government and nation?
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-for not letting them win the war
-blamed the govt. for sacrificing the nation's youth |
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What was the new conservatism's critique of the liberalism of the 1960s?
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-
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What was Richard Nixon's 'southern strategy' in the 1968 presidential election?
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-exploited hostility to black protest and new civil rights policies
-winning over white southerners over the Democratic Party |
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What event triggered the Watergate scandal?
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-5 men working for Nixon crept into the Dem. Party headquarters to plant a bug
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What were the impeachment charges against President Nixon as outlined by the House Judiciary Committee?
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-obstruction of justice
-abuse of power -contempt of Congress |
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Following Nixon's resignation, what reforms did the Democratic Congress begin to focus on?
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-Federal election campaign act
-public financing of campaigns and put restrictions on contributions to help prevent selling of political favors |
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How did his status as a "Washington outsider" help Jimmy Carter win the presidential election of 1976?
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-promised a govt. that was "competent" and "decent, open, fair, and compassionate"
-we can neither answer all questions or solve all problems |
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What influence did stagflation have on Carter's economic policies?
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-he targeted unemployment
-cut taxes |
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What environmental disaster led to the creation of the "Superfund"?
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-residents suffered high rates of serious illness because their homes sat by highly toxic waste product chemical plant
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What were the results of the Camp David Accords?
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-egypt became the 1st Arab state to recognize Israel
-Israel agreed to withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula |
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How did President Carter respond to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?
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-pursue a military build up
-imposed economic sanctions, barred Us involvement in the Olympics -obtained leg. requiring all 19 yr olds to register for the draft |
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When were the American hostages in Tehran released?
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-the day Carter left office
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What was Ronald Reagan's appeal in the 1980 presidential election?
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-he softened attaks on programs like SS
-choose George H. W. Bush as his running mate |
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Why was President Reagan often liked even by those who disagreed with him politcally?
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-his optimism, confidence, and easygoing humor
-He ignored the darker moments of America's past and presented a version that America could feel good about -his injury |
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What socioeconomic class benefited most from Reagan's tax cuts?
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-the wealthy
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What effect did deregulation of banking have on the savings & loan industry in the 1980s?
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-created a crisis
-the bank gave high interest loans and mortgages -the real estate began to plunge |
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On what issue did feminists and the antifeminsit Reagan administration find common ground?
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-they both gained a little and lost a little
-feminists= child support, husbands pension, private pensions -anitfeminists=sexual harassment, abortion |
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How did the GLBT movement fare during the 1980s?
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-it grew to the discovery of aids
-helped closeted homosexuals experience the relief of coming out |
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How did Americans and Soviets react to President Reagan's 'Star Wars' initiative?
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-acted angrily because it violated the 1972 Antiballistic Missile Treaty
-and because they would have to make a big investment to develop their own lasers |
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What did the Reagan administration do when Congress blocked efforts to aid the Contras in Nicaragua?
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-resorted to secret and illegal means to achieve their agenda
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According to the independent prosecutor charged with investigating the Iran-Contra scandal, were President Reagan and Vice-President Bush culpable of wrongdoing?
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-found no evidence that Reagan broke the law
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How did President George H. W. Bush differ from his predecessor, President Reagan, when it came to approving government activity in the private sector?
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-Bush was mor inclined than Reagan to approve activities
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What was the purpose of the Americans with Disabilities Act?
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-banned discrimination in employment, transportation etc,
-require public facilities be accessible to people with disabilities |
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Why did President George H. W. Bush abandon his "no new taxes" policy?
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-the huge federal budget deficit inherited from Reagan
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Why did the U.S. intervene in the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait?
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-oil
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What was the status of the U.S. economy at the end of the Clinton presidency?
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-economic boom
-budget surplus |
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Why did President Bill Clinton's health care reform plan fail?
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-he proposed a complicated plan
-liberals wanted a single-payer plan (medicare) -conservatives charged that the proposal would increase taxes and govt. interference in medical decisions |
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How did distribution of political power change in the Congressional elections of 1994?
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-Republicans claimed the election
-end "govt. that is too big, too intrusive, and too easy with the public's money" -elect "a Congress that respects the values and shares the faith of the American family" |
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What restrictions were placed on welfare recipients during the Bill Clinton presidency?
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-limited welfare payments to 2 years, regardless if of whether a recipient could find a job
-lifetime limit of aid at 5 years |
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What did the economic boom of the 1990s mean for unskilled and semiskilled workers?
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-diminished opportunities and wages for the less skilled workers
-deregulation and decline of unions hurt lower skilled workers |
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What event raised hopes for peace in Kosovo,Serbia, in 2000?
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-in 95 Clinton ordered US fliers to join NATO forces in intensive bombing of Serbian military concentrations
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How did new telecommunications technology such as the internet impact globalization in the 1990s?
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-connected nations, corps., and individuals at a much greater speed and much less cost than ever before
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Why did President Clinton support the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
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-he sought to speed up globalization, seeking new measures to ease restrictions on international commerce
-eliminated all tariffs and trade barriers among the US, canada, and Mex. |
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What two groups made up the majority of immigrants to the U.S during the 1990s?
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-Women were more than half
-Hispanics |
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Was the growing level of racial and ethnic diversity in the 1990s apparent throughout the United States or just in certain regions?
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-all around the country
-cali, ny, tx, fl, nj, ill |
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How was the disputed presidential election of 2000 settled?
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-Supreme court ruled 5 to 4 against further recounts and Gore conceded the presidency to Bush
-for the 1st time since 1888, a president who failed to win the pop. vote took office |
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What was the purpose of the two tax bills signed by President Bush immediately after taking office in 2001?
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-promote economic growth and jolt the economy out of the recession that had began in 2000
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What was a major problem with President George W. Bush's "No Child Left Behind" initiative?
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-struggled to finance the new standards, school officials began to criticize the one-size fits all approach and pointed to family and community impoverishment as source of student deficiencies
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What motivated Al Qaeda's attacks on the U.S. on September 11, 2001?
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-Islamic rage at the spread of Western good, culture, and values into the Muslim world, as well as their opposition to the 1991 Persian Gulf War against Iraq and the stationing of American troops in Saudi Arabis
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What program supported by President Barak Obama represented the largest expansion of government since the Great Society programs of the 1960s?
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-Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
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