History Test 2

Front 1

What does Pericles’ speech to the Athenians in 431 B.C.E. remind the modern Western world
about Greek influence on politics and society today?

Back 1

Great debt to ancient greeks

Front 2

What empire was the greatest threat and the most pressing business for the Greeks of the midfifth
century B.C.E.?

Back 2

Evicting the Persians from Greek territory

Front 3

Among the Greeks, the Spartans had the best army and the Athenians had the strongest what?

Back 3

Navy

Front 4

Where was Corinth located and what area and influence did it control?

Back 4

Esthmus

Front 5

What was Pericles’ strategy for winning the Peloponnesian War?

Back 5

To refuse to fight it on the enemy's terms

Front 6

What is a demagogue?

Back 6

Self serving politician who leads through his words

Front 7

Thucydides is best known for writing about what war?

Back 7

Polyponnesian War

Front 8

Thucydides’ generation knew that a human’s senses could deceive them. To what conclusion did this lead?

Back 8

Humans needed to learn more about themselves

Front 9

Who financed the fleets that Sparta used to pursue Athens’ army?

Back 9

The Persians

Front 10

The Odyssey is an example of what form of literature?

Back 10

An Epic

Front 11

Before Hippocrates, what methods and practices did ancient traditions rely on for healing people?

Back 11

Spells and Charms

Front 12

In which way did the Hippocratic tradition of medicine differ from ancient healing?

Back 12

Free of superstition

Front 13

During the time between the Persian and Peloponnesian wars, Greek philosophers shifted their attention from using external senses to what area?

Back 13

Internal sense of human psyche

Front 14

What did Aristotle do after leaving Plato’s school?

Back 14

He founded a school called the Hyceum.

Front 15

Plato’s Republic is mainly concerned about replacing a failed democracy with what?

Back 15

Ideal state to replace ideal democracy

Front 16

What did Aristotle identify and talk about that led to later Christian theologians accepting his ideas

Back 16

Unmoved mover they believed he was talking about Christian God

Front 17

Who seized the Macedonian throne after Philip II was murdered?

Back 17

Alexander the Great

Front 18

What bold action did Alexander take to bring his restive Greek allies more securely under his control?

Back 18

he began campaign against Persian empire

Front 19

After Alexander died in Babylon in 323 B.C.E. what action did his generals take?

Back 19

Divided his empire. Started a war to see who could be the best leader.

Front 20

Alexander’s conquests marked the end of the Hellenic age and the beginning of what era?

Back 20

Hellenistic

Front 21

Which philosopher was the founder of a philosophical movement that believed life’s only purpose was the enjoyment of pleasure?

Back 21

Epicurus

Front 22

Technicians in the Egyptian City of Alexandria produced ingenious gadgets ranging from pumps to astronomical instruments. What is the most likely reason that they rarely applied their inventions to practical situations?

Back 22

The fact that Hellenistic society was slave based. Workers had very little freedom to innovate.

Front 23

From which Trojan prince were the kings of Rome said to be descended?

Back 23

Aeneas

Front 24

Before 509 B.C.E., Rome was most strongly influenced by what group of people?

Back 24

Estruscan

Front 25

Which Roman commander finally defeated Hannibal in the Second Punic War?

Back 25

Scipio "Africanus"

Front 26

Who were the members of the First Triumvirate?

Back 26

Pompey, Crassus, Caesar

Front 27

What member of the First Triumvirate controlled Rome by 45 B.C.E.?

Back 27

Caesar

Front 28

Brutus and Cassius thought that assassinating Caesar would restore the Republic. Instead, what did it create?

Back 28

Created a leadership vacum

Front 29

Caesar’s alliance with Egypt was both personal and political. When Antony succeeded him, what kind of relations did he have with Egypt?

Back 29

He struck up a personal relationship with Cleopatra.

Front 30

In 27 B.C.E., the Roman Senate acknowledged Octavian’s services to the republic by giving him what title?

Back 30

Augustus

Front 31

Would it be correct to term Augustus’ method of governing Rome as being republican in appearance, but in fact he ruled as an autocratic?

Back 31

Yes

Front 32

What military change resulted in peace during the reign of Augustus?

Back 32

military reform

Front 33

Why did Augustus need the Praetorian Guard?

Back 33

Maintain order in Italy

Front 34

What was a major benefit that provincial non-citizen received for joining Augustus’ auxiliary military units?

Back 34

Earned citizenship after retiring.

Front 35

Which Greek philosophy most appealed to the Romans?

Back 35

Stoicism

Front 36

Who was the Roman with great oratorical skills that helped him overcome the handicap of undistinguished ancestry, earn a consulship, and serve as one of the Senate’s leaders during the First and Second Triumvirates?

Back 36

Cierco

Front 37

What does the career of Cicero demonstrate about Roman society?

Back 37

Poltical success + Talents led him to his power.

Front 38

Who was Rome’s greatest poet and the author of the Aeneid?

Back 38

Virgil

Front 39

From Augustus to Nero, what was the relation between the members of the Julio-Claudian dynasty?

Back 39

They were all related by blood.

Front 40

Who did Nero blame for the devastating fire in Rome, and why did he blame them?

Back 40

By blaming it on Christians

Front 41

Who was one of the five “Good Emperors,” whose tenure was characterized by a series of natural disasters and wars?

Back 41

Marcus Aurelius

Front 42

What was the main reason that Hadrian built his wall, and how did it reflect on his leadership style?

Back 42

To strengthen the borders of Rome .

Front 43

Why were goods transported primarily via ship throughout the Roman Empire?

Back 43

It was cheaper and faster.

Front 44

What major contribution did the writers of the Golden Age make to Roman literature?

Back 44

Ended Greek dependence on writters

Front 45

How did the class of Roman women benefit and affect their rights?

Back 45

The Higher women's class the more satisfied they are

Front 46

What was the name of the writer that provided Romans with a history of the Jewish people?

Back 46

Josephus

Front 47

What was the major reason that explains the stagnation of the Roman economy from the second century C.E. onward?

Back 47

Lack of Technological Inovation

Front 48

Under Roman law, what were some benefits that slaves enjoyed?

Back 48

They were free by Masters.

Front 49

What was the most important long-term Roman contribution to Western civilization?

Back 49

Roman law

Front 50

What conclusion does it make about Roman citizens acceptance of being ruled by an imperial government?

Back 50

People were willing to limit some of their freedoms for political stability.