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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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clans
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groups based on family ties
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chieftain
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military leader
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blood feuds
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quarrels in which the families of the original fighters seek revenge
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oath helpers
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people who swore that the accused was telling the truth
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ordeal
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severe trial
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wergeld
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fines imposed by the courts
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converted
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changed religion
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anointed
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blessed with holy oil
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lords
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nobles , most powerful people in charlemagnes empire
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fallow
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area where crops are not planted
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serfs
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people who bound to the land
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ministrels
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traveling musicians
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300 AD
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romans allow groups of germans to cross their borders
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378 AD
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Battle of Adrianople
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410 AD
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alaric captures rome
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455 AD
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vandals sack rome
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550 AD
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roman empire is replaced by the germanic kingdoms
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tunics
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coat-like garment
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vahala
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giant feasting hall
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wodan
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god of war , poetry, learning, and magic
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thor
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god of thunder, people believed the sound of thunder came from thor's chariot wheels
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alaric
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chieftain that led the west goths to capture rome in 410 AD
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theodoric the great
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germanic king, king of east goths, declared himself the king of italy, (454 AD- 526 AD)
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odoacer
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ruler of the western part of rome for almost fifteen years, ended when the east goths invaded italy and killed him.
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481 AD
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clovis chosen king of the franks
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711 AD
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arab muslims conquer spain
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732 AD
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battle of tours
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800 AD
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charlemagne crowned "emperor of the romans" by the pope.
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843 AD
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treaty of verdon
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counts
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officials chosen to run the courts
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clovis
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chosen as king of franks in 481 was cruel and greedy, but was a good general and a "able" king
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charles martel
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most powerful mayor who gained the support of the church when he wanted to reunite all the frankish nobles under his rule
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pepin
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son of charles martel who became mayor of the palace after his fathers death
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charlemagne
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one of pepins two sons, became king of the franks after carloman, the other son, died
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roland
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fine warrior who led the rear guard
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louis the pious
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charlemagnes son
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the song of roland
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the fight with roland and basque warriors, roland lost but the battle was remembered and retold again and again, and eventually rewritten in french and became legend to the franks
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how did a german leader become a chieftain?
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A man who fought well was elected by a band of warriors, then later it changed to the office of chieftain became hereditary
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how did germans try to prevent blood feuds?
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the germans set up courts
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how did oath helpers take part in german trials?
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they would be the proof for someone to be found innocent
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why would an accused person be required to go through an ordeal?
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because sometimes the accused peoples could not find oath helpers, so they had no other way to find out the truth.
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what were some of the duties of a german chieftain?
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they gave their men leadership, weapons, and a chance for wealth and adventure. kept peace among the warriors. and in return, they got complete loyalty
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what were some features of german religion?
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the germans had many gods who liked to fight and hunt. the germans admired bravery and they had a love for battle
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what happened to the east goths in the late 300s ? what effect did this have on the west goths
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both groups were attacked by the huns led by attila , and they conquered the east goths. west goths feared that they would be next
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what did the vandals do after leaving spain?
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they crossed the mediterranean to north africa and became pirates and attacked cities along the mediterranean coast which made the word "vandalism"
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what replaced the roman empire in the in the west?
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6 major and a great many minor germanic kingdoms
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what modern nations developed out of the civilization built by the franks?
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france, western germany
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why were the franks more successful at governing than other germanic peoples?
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they became farmers, and they lived in an area close to their homeland so they felt fairly secure.
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what happened after clovis converted to christianity?
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3,000 frankish soldiers converted, then all remaining franks converted
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who anointed pepin and why was this an important event?
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the pope and because he was the first frankish king to be anointed by the pope
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why was the battle of tours a turning point in history?
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because the victory enabled christianity to survive in western europe
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how did pepin help the pope?
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when he was threatened by group of germans Lombards pepin led arn army into italy, defeated loombards, and gave the land they held in central italy to the pope.
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what role did counts play in charlemagnes government?
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they stopped feuds, protected the poor and weak, and raised armies for charlemagne, and took care of local problems
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how did farmers gradually become serfs?
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they gradually did more for the nobles and less for themselves
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how did minstrels increase charlemagne's popularity?
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they sang the praises of charlemagne and his empire on their journeys
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why did charlemagne object to the pope crowning him emperor?
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because this made it seem as if the emperor's right to rule came from the pope rather than directly from God
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who were the lords, and from where did they get their wealth?
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most wealth came from goods grown or made on their estates, and they were the most powerful people in charlemagne's empire
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what did charlemagne do to encourage learning?
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he encouraged churches and monasteries to found schools, and he hired Alcuin and other scholars from all over Europe to teach in his school.
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