History Of The World - Chapter 3

Front 1

Mizraim

Back 1

Ham's son who settled in Egypt

Front 2

Herodotus

Back 2

Greek historian

Front 3

Rosetta Stone

Back 3

Slab of black asphalt found in 1799 by French soldiers; has a message carved in three languages - hieroglyphics, demotic (another ancient Egyptian language), and Greek.

Front 4

Jean Francis Champollion

Back 4

A French scholar who worked for 14 years to decipher the Rosetta Stone

Front 5

Horus

Back 5

Egyptian god with the head of a falcon and body of a man

Front 6

Osiris

Back 6

Egyptian god, father of Horus

Front 7

Lower Egypt was in the north and included the delta area. Upper Egypt was to the south and extended to the first cataract.

Back 7

Egypt was divided into these two parts.

Front 8

Menes

Back 8

First Pharaoh of Egypt; united Upper and Lower Egypt

Front 9

Memphis

Back 9

City built by Menes to be his capital

Front 10

Dynasties

Back 10

Families within which the right to be king passed from one member to the other

Front 11

Hyksos

Back 11

People from the east who conquered Egypt, marking the end of the Middle Kingdom. They were eventually driven out, and not much is known about them

Front 12

Mastabas

Back 12

The earliest tombs that pharaohs had built for themselves. Simple brick structures with flat tops and sloping sides

Front 13

Step Pyramid

Back 13

Six mastabas stacked together, each smaller than the one beneath, built by Pharoah Djoser.

Front 14

Giza

Back 14

Area where the three most famous pyramids were built

Front 15

The Great Pyramid, Pharoah Khufu (also known as Cheops)

Back 15

The largest pyramid, and Pharoah it was built for.

Front 16

Khafre

Back 16

Pharaoh who has the second largest pyramid in Giza. The Great Sphynx is also near his pyramid.

Front 17

Menkaure

Back 17

Pharaoh who has the third largest pyramid in Giza

Front 18

Mortuary Temples

Back 18

Pharaohs began using these structures instead of pyramids.

Front 19

Hatshepsut

Back 19

The only female pharoah

Front 20

Ramses II

Back 20

Pharoah who had many structures built, some still standing. He loved large structures, especially images of himself

Front 21

Tribute

Back 21

A payment from one nation to another

Front 22

Thutmose III

Back 22

Under this Pharoah, the Egyptian Empire reached its greatest extent - to the Euphrates River in the north to deep Africa in the south

Front 23

Vizier

Back 23

Pharoah's chief assistant; acts in the name of Pharoah and supervised the administration of justice, tax collection, military excursion, and construction

Front 24

Upper Class - The ruling class of noble and priests.

Middle Class - craftsmen, scribes and soldiers. Lower Class - farmers and slaves

Back 24

The three Classes of Ancient Egyptian Society

Front 25

Old Kingdom (2300-2000 BC) - Rise of Egyptian civilization; Great pyramids and Sphinx constructed; Internal turmoil ended this dynasty.

Middle Kingdom - (1900-1600 BC) Jacob and family journey to Egypt; Hebrews enslaved in Egypt; Invasion of the Hyksos ended this dynasty.

New Kingdom - (1500-1300 BC) began after the Hyksos we're driven out, Exodus of Hebrews from Egypt.

Back 25

The history of ancient Egypt is divided into these three dynasties.

Front 26

Nomes

Back 26

The small divisions of Upper and Lower Egypt.

Front 27

Cataracts

Back 27

The rapids found in the Nile River.

Front 28

Papyrus

Back 28

The ancient Egyptians used this plant to make paper.

Front 29

Mediterranean Sea

Back 29

This sea forms the northern border of Egypt.

Front 30

Red Sea

Back 30

This sea forms the eastern border of Egypt.

Front 31

Lower Egypt

Back 31

The Giza is found in which part of Egypt.

Front 32

The Sahara Desert

Back 32

This desert lay to the west of Egypt.