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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the British Invasion?
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• Timing was important (1964) President Kennedy was shot
• The British resurrected the music we ignored • England’s “James Dean” counterpart “Teddy Boys” |
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What is skiffle music?
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• A tame brand of pop folk music and traditional jazz (taken from the New Orleans style)
• Music was popular in England in the mid-1950’s • Changed social behavior, brought change in the music • British bands turned to Elvis, Little Richard, Chuck Berry, ect. |
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Who is the "King of Skiffle"?
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Lonnie Donegan
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What are important facts about the Beatles?
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• Leading group of pop history
• Able to change music history though all facets musical style, fashion, and social behavior • Early influences: Skiffle music • Can be broken into three distinctive periods |
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What is the early period of the Beatles?
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• Pop style
• Love songs • Driving Beat/ Up tempo • Hambury, Germany became their training ground |
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What are some of the "early period" recordings of the Beatles?
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• The first album (Please Please Me) was recorded in only 13 hours
• Four Albums fall in the “Early Period” • From the beginning, Lennon and McCartney were not equal in writing their songs • American releases are different from British releases |
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What is the "middle period" of the Beatles?
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• More Acoustic/ Folk elements (Dylan influence)
• Introspective style emerges • Individuality more evident • Social statement in songs • Next 2 albums: Help! (Aug. 65) and Rubber Soul (Dec 65) |
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What are some of the music selections from the middle period? (Beatles)
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• You’ve got to hide your love away
Bigger than Jesus Controversy (march 1966) |
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What is the "late period" of the Beatles?
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• Use of studio techniques
• Music more indivualized • More artistic composition • Added Instrumentation • Drug influenced • The white album titled the Beatles is ironically the least collaborative album of the groups output |
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What are some of the late period record releases?
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o Revolver
o Sgt Pepper o Magical mystery tour o Yellow submarine o The Beatles (white album) o Let it be o Abbey road |
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What are the music selections from the late period? The Beatles
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Tomorrow Never knows
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What is the significance of "strawberry fields forever"?
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• Written in 1966 during the filming of “how I won the war” strawberry fields was in fact a salvation army home in the neighborhood where Lennon grew up
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What are some interesting facts about the Beatles?
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• Lennon and McCartney composed many songs that provided other performers with hits
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What are some of the "firsts" that happened with the Beatles in the studio?
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• Use of recoded feedback sitar mellotron, fuzz bass effect studio manipulation, backward tape loops.
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What is George Martin referred to as?
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The fifth Beatle
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Why is Ringo Starr respected by drummers?
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Excellent timekeeping
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What is John Mayall and the Bluesbreakers known as?
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the elder statesman of British Blues music
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Who are the Yardbirds?
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• The starting point for Clapton for Clapton/ Beck/ Page
• Early pioneers of psychedelic music • Known for ad hoc jams (called raves) |
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What are raves?
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o Raves- Mix of R&B with extended guitar/ Harmonica passages. Blues with a fierce drive to the music
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Who are "The Animals" (Eric Burdon)?
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• Second only to Rolling Stones in influence among R&B based bands
- The house of the Rising Sun Leadbelly |
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Who are the "Them" (Van Morrison)?
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• Led by van Morrison rank them among the best of the British Invasion bands
• Considered the most critically acclaimed pop music songwriter of the 1960’s • Composer of rock classic-Gloria -From Belfast Ireland |
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What is Motown?
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• Almost entirely attributed to one man- Berry Gordy
• R&B music that passed for black and white in sound • Perfected gospel-pop fusion |
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What kind of blend of music did Berry Gordy produce?
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• Stock rock chord progressions
• Gospel feel • Doo-wop male vocals • Solid instrumental back-up |
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What is the Motown Formula?
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• Repeated uses of catchy hook phrase
• Repetition of melodic hooks resulted in familiarity to the mass public • Produced the “Sound of Young America” • Studio musicians were known as “The Funk Brothers” |
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Who are the Funk Brothers?
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• The studio musicians who shaped the Motown sound
• Played on more Number One Hits than the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Beach Boys and Elvis combined • The Funk Brothers are documented in the movie “Standing in the Shadows of Motown” (2000) |
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Who is Holland-Dozier-Holland?
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leading writing team of Motown
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Who is Smokey Robinson and the Miracles?
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• Known for Robinson’s beautiful falsetto voice
• Ballads became the Miracles forte |
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Who is Marvin Gaye?
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• Became one of Motown’s most enigmatic and consistently popular acts
• Stage One (1963-1971): Worked with all the Motown production staff and Founded medium tempo shouters to be successful • Stage two (1971-1984): Pensive and introspective style |
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Who are the Marvelettes?
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-motowns only real girl group
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What are the 'Four Tops"?
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• Music built around lead singer Levi Stubbs
• “Baby I need You Loving” and “I can’t help Myself” |
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Who are the Kinks?
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- the most staunchly English group of all
-known as the precursors of heavy metal and punk rock -later known as the "power cord" playing - Kinks and British Fashion in the 60s |
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Who are the Rolling Stones?
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-strive to be more earthy
-portrayed a vulgar look (no uniform) -considered the dangerous alternative to the Mercybeat of the Beatles -Jagger and Richards are the core of the group -rougher and sexier than the Beatles |
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Who was the Rolling Stones manager?
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Andrew Oldham
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Who is Mick Jager?
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-his drawl is much like blue singer Howlin' Wolf
-attracted to the gruff, eloquent directness of black music -he is a white person singing black songs and flaunting it |
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Who were the Temptations?
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• The finest vocal group in 60’s Soul music
• The closest to church and gospel roots • “My Girl” |
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Who is Diana Ross and the Supremes?
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• One of the most important female groups in rock history
• The Supremes music is the purest expression of the Motown Sound |
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Who were the Jackson 5?
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• Fronted by 10 year-old Michael Jackson
• He danced like a miniature James Brown • J5 transcended all race and age barriers |
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Who is the "Rare Earth"?
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• Motown’s premier white rock and soul band
• Motown’s experimental assault on the rock market • Labeled “Blue-Eyed Soul” • “Get Ready” and “I just Want to Celebrate” |
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Who is Stevie Wonder?
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• Most successful artist in Motown’s history
• First big hit was “Fingertips” –part2 (age 12) • First live recording to hit #1 in rock history • “Little” • 120 page contract with Motown made business history • By the 70’s Wonder was playing most of the instruments on his albums |
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Who is Bob Dylan?
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• Most important American contributor to rock music
• First poet of the mass media • Two distinctive time periods: 1)acoustic 2)electric • This implies folk and rock are separate--- Dylan shows that IS rock • Fusion of country, folk, blues, rock & roll and poetry both ancient and new • His lyrics have been discussed in English classes |
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what is the "acoustic period" of Bob Dylan?
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• First album “times they are A-changing”
• Was his most overt protest album • Fives the feeling of the dust bowl era • Grapes of wrath • Times they are a-changin’ o Became an anthem for frustrated youth. • With God on our side (1964) |
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What is the "electric period" of Bob Dylan?
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• Illustrates wit
• Music was a catalyst for the drug culture and the Vietnam war • Dylan’s Electric band went on to form the band (Robbie Robertson) • Set the scene for “folk-rock” |
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What is subterranean homesick blues?
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• Dylan’s first top 40 hit
• One of dylans first electric pieces |
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What did critics consider "like a rolling stone"?
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• Critics considered it to be Dylan’s magnun opus
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Who are the Byrds?
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• Group that synthesized Dylan and the beatles
• Dylans compostion: mr Tambourine Man (65) • Declared to be the first folk rock hit in the Rock history • Beatles ticket to ride inspired the sound and feel |
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What is "Eight Miles High" (66)?
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• Herald as the first drug tune and led 60’s music to the psychedlic period aka acid rock
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What is "For What it's Worth"?
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• One of the most representative sounds of the 1960s
• Written by Stephen stils during the aftermath of the infamous sunset strip riots of 1966-1967 • Commonly labeled as a protest song |
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Who is Solmon Burke?
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-60s soul artist of Memphis
• Brought a country influence into R&B • Burke never celebrated a number one hit on the pop charts but enjoyed many hits in the R&B charts |
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Who is Wilson Pickett?
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-60s soul artist of Memphis
• Atlantic’s Best selling southern soul performer • IN the midnight hour- one of the most successful songs of soul era |
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What did the instrumental soul-memphis do?
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• Formed booker T. and the MG’s
o “Green Onions” |
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Who is Otis Redding?
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-60s soul artist of Memphis
• Skillful at delivering ballads with passion • Earned a reputation as leading performer of soul ballads • His performance at the Monterey Pop Festival gained him a wider audience |
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What is the San Fransico Scene? Haight Ashbury
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• Large community of folk musicians
• The Acid Test led by writer Ken Kesey became known as the happening • Estimated there were 500 to 1500 bands in the san Francisco Area |
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What is existentialism?
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• Became entrenched in the University curriculum by the early 1960s
• Gave students a language to question the complacent assumptions of American Society |
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What was psychedelic music in the san fran music?
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• Floating to the music
• Eastern Indian influence (sitar) |
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Who are the Chariateans?
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• Considered to be the start of the haight/ ashbury scene
• Contribution is more a social one • Planted the seeds of the rock counter culture |
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Who is Moby Grape?
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• One of the best san fransisco bands of the 1960s
• More versatile than other SG bands • Combinations of folk blues country and classic R&R • Early Airplane played some of Moby grape’s compositions |
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Who is Jefferson Airplane?
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• Most popular of the san fransisco bands
• Leaders of the protest movement and supporters of free love |
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Who is Grace Slick?
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• Greatest female rock voice
• Represented the love hate image of the 60’s |
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Who is the Grateful Dead?
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• Considered to be the ultimate cult band
• Never really part of the mainstream music scene • House band for the Kesey Acid Test “happenings” • Music is an electric blend of folk country and blues • Fans known as “deadheads” |
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Who is apart of the Twenty Seven Club?
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Kurt Cobain, Janice Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, Van Morrison, and Brian Jone
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Who is Janice Joplin?
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A representation of a culture and a generation (much like bob Dylan)
• Broke the barriers for women in music industry • Overall her performances were fresh and sincere • Sang the blues to transcend pain • Gained national fame at the Monterey pop festival - died of an overdose on October 4th, 1970 |
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Who discovered Jimi Hendrix?
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-Chas Chandler (Animal Bandmember)
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What are Jimi Hendrix "Three Studio Albums"?
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• Considered the best of his work
o Are you experienced, axis bold as love -Purple Haze |
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What is Jimi Hendrix- The Innovations?
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• Redefined the guitar and guitar performance
• Able to explore and master all the sonic force of the instrument • Had the gift and the ability to harness the distortions • Distortion and feedback were not for gimmick |
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Who is Jimmy Page?
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• Along with Hendrix- he expanded the sonic vocabulary of the electric guitar
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Who is Led Zeppelin?
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• Later Albums (starting with Led Zeppelin III) move to more folk-derived material and Celtic mythology
• Considered to be the first heavy metal band in rock history |
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What is Art Rock?
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-Classical Rock
• Blending of classical music with rock • References to mythology • Use of odd meters and frequent mood/tempo changes • Large percentage of art rock bands were British |
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Art Rock vs. Progressive Rock
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• Art Rock- rock music influenced by classical music
• Progressive Rock- rock music influenced by jazz styles |
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How was Art Rock viewed by the "Rock Purist"?
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• Attempt to legitimize rock music
• Aimed to broaden the market of listeners of rock music • Punk music was a revolt of Art Rock music • Leading British Art-Rock Bands of the 60’s/70’s: Moody Blues and Pink Floyd |
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Who were the leading British Art Rock Bands of the 60s and 70s?
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-Moody Blues
-Pink Floyd |
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Who are the Moody Blues- days of future passed?
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• 1st of what would be a succession of Concept Albums
• Programmatic Music • Paved the way for other art rock bands |
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What was one of Moody Blues musical highlights?
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-"Dawn is a new feeling"
-"Nights in the Snow" |
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Who are Emerson, Lake and Palmer
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-Keith Emerson and The RA Mug
-Greg Lake -Carl Palmer -Song" "lucky man"--> group: yes "Long Distance Run Around" -Roger Dean: Album Artwork -Roger Dean: Album Artwork |
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Who is Pink Floyd?
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• Art Rock
- Experimental “space rock” band • Inclusion of concrete music • Creation of themes results in concepts on a massive scale • Syd barrett an important founding member • Barrett played a major role in the musical and stylistic direction of the bands early work |
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What is the Piper at the Gates of Dawn (67)?
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• Pink Floyds debut album only one made under syd barrets leadership
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What inspired the "Dark Side of the Moon"?
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• Partly inspired by barretts deteriorating mental state
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Who is Frank Zappa?
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• Music combines an understanding of and appreciation of
o 20th century composers Stravinsky Stockhausen, varese o late 50’s doo wop rock and roll o social satire and stinging wit o avant garde jazz o guitar heavy rock and R&B o collages of many styles • Satirist with a wicked sense of humor and absurdity • His band The mothers of invention formed in 1966 • Like parodies of classic rock tunes |
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Who is David Bowie?
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• British artist of Theatre rock
• Cross dressing resulted in Ziggy Stardust (1972) • Ziggy sold in Britain, not in U.S. (too mainstream) • Set the stage for glam rock (lou reed Kiss NY dolls) Space oddity *1969) |
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What is Proto Punk?
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• Never quite fit into mainstream rock and roll of the late 60s and early 70s
• Sowed the seeds for the punk revolution of the late 70s • Early punk bands from Detroit o MC-5 o The stooges (lggy pop) o Alice cooper |
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What is MC-5 (motor city 5)?
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• Essentially laid the foundations for the emergence of punk
• Led by john Sinclair (leader of the infamous white panther party) |
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What is the White Panther Party?
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• Far left anti racist white American political collective founded in the 1968 co founded by john Sinclair
• Aligned itself with radical politics |
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Who is Iggy Pop?
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• The godfather of punk music
• Carried on the stage drama of jim morrison • Early group the stooges |
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Who is Alice Cooper?
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• Father shock rock
• Influenced by comic book stories and RKO horror movie shows |
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What was the Velvet Underground: NY Proto Punk?
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• Known as the key touchstone to punk and new wave combination of music and art
• Important association with andy Warhol • Provided music for the exploding plastic inevitable |
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Who sang "Heroin"?
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Andy Warhol
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Who is Lou Reed?
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• Use of sing speak vocals and gripping narratives
• Helped define street savvy rock and roll |
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What is the song "Walking on the Wild Side"?
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• Song received wide radio coverage, despite its touching on unusual topics
• Subject matter missed by the censors • About a series of individuals and their journeys to new york city |
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What is the genre Punk?
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• Returned rock and roll to the basics
• Three chords and a simple melody • In America, Punk remained an underground sensation • In UK it was a full scale phenomenon |
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What are the two most popular punk bands?
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• Two most popular punk bands
o The Ramones (U.S.- New york) o Sex Pistols (Great Britain) |
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Who is Richard Hell?
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• One of the original punk rockers to emerge from new york city in early mid 70’s
• Often pointed to as a major influence by other subsequent punk bands • Formed the band called the Neon Boys which later was renamed Television |
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What is CBGBs?
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• Important venue for punk and new wave bands
-Stands of Country Blues Grass Blues |
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What does OMFUG stand for?
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-Other Music For Uplifting Gormandizers
-Formed the band called Neon Boys which was later renamed Television |
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What is Television?
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-one of the most creative bands to emerge from NYs punk scene of mid 70s
-viewed to the antithesis of the happy culture (hippies) -back to short hair and street clothes (replaced extravagant) -debut album was Marquee Man (77) |
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What is Marquee Man?
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-first album of Television
• Laid the groundwork for many of the guitar-based post-punk pop groups of the late 70’s and 80’s |
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Who is Patti Smith?
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• Improvised lyrics that reflected life in New York
• Combines 60’s garage rock with the literary writing styles of Rimbaud, Burroughs and Ginsberg • Referred to as the “Godmother of Punk” |
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What is "Horses"?
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-Patti Smiths Album (75)
• Anticipates new wave music • A hybrid of classic rock and post-Beat poetry |
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Who are the Ramones?
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• Most popular of punk bands
• Crystallized the musical ideals of the genre • Cut rock & roll down to its bare essentials 1. Four chords 2. Simple catchy 3. Irresistibly insane lyrics 4. Very fast tempos • The Ramones created something that was rooted in early 60’s , pre-Beatles rock & roll and pop but sounded revolutionary. Their music has been labeled by some as “bubble-gum punk” |
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What is Punk- The British Connection?
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• Brought to the U.K. by Malcolm McLaren
• McLaren became the Sex Pistols manager |
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Who are the Sex Pistoles?
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-anti british group
-represented young bored Brits -rebelled against the upper class -Most popular movement for the liberation of Angola -Ulsten defense Association -Sang Anarchy in the UK |
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God Save the Queen
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-sang by the Sex Pistoles
-declares royalty in a inexcexual and irrelevant way -lyrics contained gleeful naughty name calling -poses Britain in a county in a decline ignoring the bleak times ahead. |
