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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Glisson
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disproved Descartes hydraulic mechanical movement theory
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Newton
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white light is a mix of colors --> concerns on veracity of sensation/perception
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Harvey
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circulation of blood around the heart
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Leeuwenhock
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discover microscope - sperm, reductionist approach
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Pascal
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animals/humans = machines, humans rational, rationalist, doubt
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Gauss
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normal distribution of error in measurements --> Wundt lab
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Bell/Magendie
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seperate sensory and motor nerves
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Haller
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vis insista force in muscles
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Hall
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reflex action and localization of 4 kinds of movements (voluntary conscious, unconscious respiratory, involuntary, reflexive)
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Reymond
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expounded current of electrcity based on current of injury
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Muller
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Doctrine of Specific Nerve Energies, 5 types of sensory nerve, nativism, interference theory and memory drum
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Helmholtz
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drum chronograph, frog nerves, sensations converted to perceptions, apply principle of conservation of energy to living organism, perceiver transforms senses, Young-Helmholtz theory of color vision (trichromatic), active mind, radical-emprical, depth perception is habit
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Rolando
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localization of function (higher intellectual functions in cerebrum)
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Flourens
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localization of function by ablation, action commune/propre
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Broca
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clinical method observations, localization of speech area
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Fritsch & Hitzig
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electrical stimulation for localization
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Gall
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craniognomy, negative characteristics
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Sputzheim
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extension of Gall with positive elements, phrenology, formal discipline
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Purkinje
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protoplasm, Purkinje effect(blue fades last, red fades first)
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Aguilonius
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horopter
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Fourier
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analysis of hearing, complex tone broken into multiple sin waves
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B. Franklin
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color/achromatic after images, color blindness
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Hering
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proposed nativistic theory of hearing to counter Helmholtz
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Weber
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de Tactu sense of touch, Weber's law on 10/22/1850 - JND is constant proportion (difference in limen is relative, not absolute)
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Fechner
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humanist, inductive phenomenology, S = KlogR (perception is log function of stimulus), dual aspectism, arthimetic change in mental is geometric change physically
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Maskelyne
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fired Kinnebrook, below threshold cause unconscious reaction
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Kinnebrook
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fired from observatory b/c indiviudal differences
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Bessel
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personal equation for individual differences, --> Gaussian/normal curve
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Ladd-Franklin
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theory of color vision, achromatic evolve first then color (b/c prevelance lower with color), most highly developed part of eye is fovea,
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Ebbinghaus
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empiricist, associations while study learning and memory, first truly psychological experiment, percent recall is inverse function of time between learning and recall
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sensory-motor nerves
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Bell-Magendie (Galen originally), sensory input ot brain, motor to muscles
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vis insista
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Haller, inherent contractile force that produces movement of muscles, questioned need for spiritual mind as mover
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current of injury
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current of electricity along neuron, now called wave of negativity
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phrenology
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positive craniognomy, Spurtzheim
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faculties
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areas of brain responsible for specific tasks/intellect, Reid
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speed of nerve impulses
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Helmholtz - thinking not instantaneous
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action commune
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cerebrum function in unitary manner, whole brain works as unit, Flourens
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action proper
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Flourens, localization of function - cerebrum (intellect and will), cerebellum (coordination of movement), medula (life functions)
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equipotentiality
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all parts have equal potential to found with any task
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ablation
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extirpation of parts, used by Flourens
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electrical stimulation
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Fritsch & Hitzig - don't have to destroy brain to find localization of function
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Purkinje shift
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blue is last color to fade while red is the first, change in relative vividness
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horopter
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Aguilonius, shared visual feild of 2 eyes
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retinal disparity
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images on each retina are different, basis for depth perception and stereoscope
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personal equation
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Bessel - normal curve
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simple reaction
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stimulus response, only 1 aspect of task (vs. complicated with 2 aspects to task)
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complication
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what happend when add more stuff to brain (increased complication = increased RT), Kinnebrook problem
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unconscious inference
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Nativist say mind so fast that must be native, Helmholtz says perceptual habit, so automatic that is unconscious brain comparisons
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Doctrine of Specific Nerve Energies
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Muller, localization of function, each nerve produced different signals to sensory system, nativist
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