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84 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ontology
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study of fundamental questions of existance
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ontology answers the
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what questions
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epistemology
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study of the nature of knowledge and knowledge acquisition
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epistemology is the ___ criterion for what we know
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the truth criterion
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example of an epistemology question
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how do we know what we kno is true
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Natural sciences
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ontology
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Social Sciences
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epistemology
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falsifiable
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allow for the possibility of being proved wrong
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falsification occurs when there are
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new facts and discoveries
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paradigm
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common way of thinking for a group like an unspoken rule
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identity problem
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Socrates- what is one's true self
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mind-body problem
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mind and brain are different. can you study one with the other
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universalism
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there are certain universal processes that apply to all humana
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relativism
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human existance & human mind are determined in part by culture, language,etc
minddevelops relative to these local influences |
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rationalism
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human mind and behavior are ultimately logical & rational
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irrationalism
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when we have to make life changing decisions between 2 similar choices, we go based on emotions and our behavior is irrational in nature
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hysteria
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most populart for mof neuroses. you lose it for not good reason
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faradization
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for more extreme cases of hysteria. woman sits in tub with a metal force glove and gets shocked
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treatments for hysteria
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hysteroectomy or cauterization of the clitoris in women or genitalia in men
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Beur and Anna O
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birth of psychoanalysis
hysteria patient |
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The cathartic method
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to purify use hypnosis to make clear of a situation that happened before
neurotic symptoms go away because the cause of them wre given conscious expression |
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chimney sweeping
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the talkin cure
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transference
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transfer of emotions felt for relevan figures in patiends life to the therapist.
Anna responded to Breur as if he were her father |
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countertransference
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when the therapist transfers his/her emotions to the patient
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problems with cathartic method
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some ppl cannot be hypnotized, symtpoms removed under hypnosis can reoccur, may have no memory of what happened during hypnosis
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Freud's free association
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lets u express repressed memories
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psychoanalysis
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use freeassociation to find nature of the repressed experience and bfing it to patient's awareness
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seduction theory
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basis of all neurosis is repression of sexual thoughts from early childhood
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operational sex ratio
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refers to the # of females available for mating
osr=1 means 1 man for every available woman |
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osr>1
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more men than women
women have more dyadicpower and are highly valued in society |
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osr<1
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less women than men
men have more dyadic power, wine feel powerless |
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dreamn manifest content
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what the dream appears to be about
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dream's latent content
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what the dream is really about
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dreams are wish fulfilment
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a symbolic representation of a forbidden wish/fear
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dream work
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the actual disguise of the wish as expressed in the manifest dream
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dream analysis
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interpretive process where the analysis tries to understand the dream work
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2 processes of dreamwork
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condensation & displacement
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condensation
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one element of the dream symbolized several things
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displacement
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replacing the anxiety provokin object with a symbolically similar one
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universal dream styles
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travel=death vagina=stages
penis=gun |
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Eros
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the life instinct
psychic energy for the preservation of life/species (primarily sexual energy) |
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Thanatos
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the death instinct
compulsive psychic energy to return to the silent inorganic 2 forms of aggression (inward & outward) |
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Freud's theory of personality
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id ego superego
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id
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governed by pleasure principle
instincts & needs |
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ego
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fulfilment of the id offered by the external environment
governed by the reality principle |
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superego
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part of the ego acting as the moral agent
develops through early moralizing |
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2 subsystems of superego
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conscience & ego
conscience-memory of experiences that child was punished for ego-memory of experiences child was rewarded for |
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anxiety defense mechanism
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objective, neurotic and moral anxieties
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objective anxiety
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when the danger is imminent and real
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neurotic anxiety
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when id overwhelms ego
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moral anxiety
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when an internalized value is about to be violated
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ego defense mechanism
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processes used to deal with the id in order to reduce anxiety
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ego defense mechanisms always
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distort reality and operate at unconscious levels
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repression
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actively keeping anxiety-producing thoughts out of consciousness
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displacement
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replacing axiety-producing object/goals with a neutral one
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sublimination
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displacement of a sexual object/goal with a nonsexual one
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identification
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symbolical borrowing of other ppl's success (prevalant among adolescents ie fashion)
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projection
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attributing to others drives tensions that intolerable to one'sself
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rationalization
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use false reasoning to explain a failure or shortcoming
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reaction formation
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doing the complete opposite of an inded action since completing the particular action causes too much anxiety
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psychosexual stages of development
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oral age 1, anal 1-2, phalic3-5, latent6-puberty, genital puberty on
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oral incorporative
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fixation at early stage (sucking) good listener,dependent & gullible
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oral sadistic
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fixation at later stage (biting)
agressive, cynical, sarcastic |
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anal expulsive
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fixation during early stage
generous messy & chaotic, makes own set of rules |
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anal retentive
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fixation after toilet training
collector, stingy, holds back feelings, good girl/boy image |
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phalic
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oedipus complex
castration anxiety & penis envy |
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latency
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sexual ideas repressed during phallic and now replaced with school work, peer related activities, and curiousity about the world
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genital
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sexual desires are too intense to repress during puberty
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Freud's unconscious (compared to Jung's)
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mental structure is purposeless and only limited to repressed or neglected objects
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Jung's unconscious
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unlimited landscape that achieves its own purpose in an intelligent-like fashion
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Libido for Freud (compared to Jung's)
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sexual energy
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Jung's libido
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creative energy that can satisfy both sexual and philosophical/artistic/ spiritual needs
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transcendent function
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primary dialogue btwn unconscious & conscious
conscious content- current, adaptive, directive uc content-old, intuitive, universal |
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goal of analysis
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uc is inexhaustible, omnipresent, & need not to be eliminated
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constructive transference
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natural attachment since analyst holds the promise of a change in attitude for the patient
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teleogy
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beliefs about the future determine the choices we make in the present
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collective unconscious
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layer of the mind that has all the common experiences of our ancestors.(universal things we share with others ie mother crying)
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persona
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mask
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hero
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adventure, excitement
decides to leave or not to leave (fights dragons rescues princess) |
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anima
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feminine pscyh of a male
interfacing with females |
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animus
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masculine psych of a female
interfacing with males |
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shadow
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side we are not comfortable with
being immoral or aggressive |
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self
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"the God within"
trying to porivde unity, wholeness & centerdness to all aspects of one's personality |
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transference
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the transfer of emotions felt for the relevant figures in patients life onto the terapist
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