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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Lucretius
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Disease causes by invisible living creatures
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A. leeuwenhoek
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Father of microbiology; Drew and described bacteria and protozoa ; described in royal society of London transactions
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R. hooke
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Publish first drawing of microorganisms in Micrographia
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Aristotle
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spontaneous generation
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Spontaneous generation
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Can living organisms develop from nonliving material
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Pro spontaneous generation
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aristole John Van Helmont John needham Georges Leclerc
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J NeedHam
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vital force
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J v helmont
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Mice from wheat
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against spontaneous generation
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Louis Joblot Francisco Redi lazzaro spallazaniAnton Lavoisier Theodore schwann Matthias Schleiden Schroder, van Dush Rudolf Virchow Pasteur
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L Joblot
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found microbes in hay
described protozoa |
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L.Spallazani
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air may carry germs described bacterial binary fussion
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A Lavoisier
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air contains oxygen not enough oxygen in closed flask to support microbes
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T Schwann
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discovered yeast where living cells fermentation
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M Schleiden
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Proposed plants consisted of cells discovered mycorrhizae
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Henrich George Schroder & Theodor Van Dusch
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filtered air with cotton plugs
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R Virchow
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All cells come from other living cells
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Pasteur
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final refutation of spontaneous generation also worked with anthrax
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Sterilization
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Killing of all organisms on/in an object Critical for development of microbiology Canning/ preservation of food cotton stoppers used in microbiology |
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R Koch
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found spore like bodies in Bacillus anthracis; developed postulates relating causative agent to disease; developed methods of growing pure cultures of bacteria
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J Tyndall
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heat resistant life forms present; dust does carry microbes
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F Cohn
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Named heat- resistant forms of bacteria ( endospores)
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Galen
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Imbalance between four humors( blood, phlem, yellow bile, black bile) caused disease
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G fracastoro
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Invisible organisms (germs) caused diseases such as syphilis
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Agostino Bassi de Lodi
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Silkworm disease caused by fungus ( botrytis )
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M.J. Berkeley ; Heinrich Anton de Bary
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Potato blight in Ireland Caused by fungus –like oomycete phytophthora infestans Smuts and rusts caused cereal crop diseases
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L Pasteur
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Discovered that pebrine disease of silkworms due to microsporan Nosema bombysis Revised germ theory of disease
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Jacob Henle & Robert Koch
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Both studied anthrax Henle established criteria to relate to bacillus anthracis Koch performed empirical studies Koch used postulates in etiology of tuberculosis
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kochs postulates 1882
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Microorganism present in every case of the disease microorganism must be grown in pure culture same disease when second host inoculated with pure culture the microorganism must be isolated from the infected host |
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molecular postulates
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Virulence traits seen with pathogenic strains, not nonpathogenic strains inactivation of genes associated with virulence decreases pathogenicity replacement of the mutated gene with wild- type gene restores pathogenicity gene should be expressed some time during infection & disease process Antibodies/ immune system cells directed against gene products protect host |
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I semmelweis
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hand washing prevents puerperal fever; used chlorine as antiseptic
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J lister
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Sterilization of instruments with heat; use of phenol as antiseptic
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jenner
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First vaccination (small pox)
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pasteur
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Rabies
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Agar
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Polysaccharide from seaweed
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Fannie Eilshemius Hesse & Walther Hesse
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Used agar to solidify media
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Richard Petri
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Developed container to hold solidified media
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S winogradsky
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Described lithotrophy; used model ecosystem
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M beijerinck
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Use of enrichment cultures; described nitrogen fixation
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Hans Christian Gram
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Developed differential staining method for bacteria
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World wars 1 and 11
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Development of antibiotics Further definition of different branches of microbiology Koning McCardyDevelopment of Virology Development of genetics and modern molecular biology
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Koning
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Suggested role of fungi in decomposition
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McCrady
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Developed fecal coliform test for analyzing water quality
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R Atlas
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Modern methods of microbial ecology; involved with deepwater horizon oil spill
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R colwell
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Worked with vibrios; marine microecology ; coined “ viable but nonculturable bacteria”
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L Marguelis
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endosymbiotic hypothesis Parasitic bacteria in eukaryotes gave rise to mitochondria and chloroplasts
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T Brock
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Discovered archaeons
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N pace
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Sequenced thermophiles
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C woese
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Described archaeons ; used 165 rRna to characterize species ; developed domains
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R patrick
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fresh water ecologist and phycologist
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T Hazen
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worked with deep water horizon oil spill
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D. Jay Grimes
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Work with deepwater Horizon oil spill; work vibrios
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J venter
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First to sequenced bacterial genomes ( haemophilus influenzae)
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C fraser
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Sequenced bacterial genomes with venter
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K Nelson
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Showed lateral gene transfer from archaeons to bacteria; sequenced thermotoga maritima
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H smith
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Nobel Laureate for co-discovering of restriction enzyme; first to sequence bacterial genomes ( haemophilus influenza) with venter
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