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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the societal changes after the revolution?
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-Slavery=dissapears in north
-Emphasis on equality=fewer voting requirements, equality, but not for everyone -State Gov=3 branches, bill of rights -Women=republican motherhood raising "good" citizens -Gordon Wood's thesis=pursuit of happiness, -Economy=tons of dept, no currency, inflation -Foreign policy |
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What were the Articles of Confederation?
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-Failed constitution
-13 states joined, congress=only branch, each=1 vote,amendments |
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What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
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-No power to regulate commerse between states
-Could not collect taxes -Could not pay soldiers |
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What was the Northwest Ordinance?
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-How a territory becomes a state
-Territorial governor -5000 voters, temp. constitution -60000 residents can write a real constitution for approval -No slavery in the west (with exceptions) |
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What was the Constitutional Convention?
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-Philly
-Delegates from every state -Secret sessions |
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Who was James Madison?
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-Father of contstitution
-National principle=national gov stronger than state -Separation of powers=3 branches -Extended Republic=contstitution protects groups from becoming too strong |
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Contrast the Virginia plan to the New Jersey plan...
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VP
-Madison -Based on pop -2 houses (both based on pop) NJP -Paterson -Equal representation -1 house |
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What was the idea of Checks and Balences?
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-By Montesquieu
-3 branches of gov, check each other -Supremacy clause=const. is supreme law of land -Safeguards=protect mob rule, conserned too much power in the hands of the uneducated -Elastic clause=congress can do things w/o const. w/in reason |
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What was the Great Compromise?
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-Sherman
-Created 2 houses (1 on pop, 1 equal) |
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What did the Anti-Federalist want because they were afraid of strong central government?
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A bill of rights
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When was the Federalist Era, and who was president for most of the time?
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1789-1801, Washington
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What did the Bill of Rights say?
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-Religion, assembly, petition, press, speech
-To bear arms |
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What was Hamilton's Financial Plan?
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-To get nation more stable financially, pay off national debt
-Paying off state debts -Tariff=to bring in $ -Excise taxes=on whiskey -National Bank=federal |
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What was the Whiskey Rebellion?
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-Farmers "Whiskey Boys"
-Excise tax -Tar and feathered tax collectors |
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What does the federal government do to stop the rebellion?
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-Builds army
-They run away -Shows that the federal gov is powerful |
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What were the main political parties throughout these chapters?
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-Federalist="Federalist papers", Madison, Hamilton, wanted new Constitution, central gov
-Anti-Federalist=Adams, Henry, anti-Constitution, state gov -Jeffersonian Republicans, strong state gov -Jacksonians=Anything Jackson did, anti-Adams -Whig=Webster, J.Q. Adams, Clay, American System, federal bank |
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What did Washington declare on the French Revolution?
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Nuetrality
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What did Jay's Treaty say?
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-Tension between Britain and US temporarily stopped
-Britain remove troops -Pay for damage to US ships -US pay back debts owed before Revolutionary War |
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But what did this treaty leave out?
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Impressment
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What were the Alien and Sedition Acts?
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-Adams
-Trying to stop ppl from speaking out against gov. -Alien=raised requirements for US citizenship (majority supported Jefferson) -Ppl who spoke out against gov could be imprisoned |
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In responce to the A and S Acts, what resolutions happened?
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Va and Kentucky Resolutions
-said they could nullify a and s b/c they were unconstitutional |
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What was the federalist legacy?
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-Hamiton's financial plan
-Washington's presistence -Westward expansion |
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What political parties was Jefferson from?
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Republicans
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What did Jefferson do with the federalist policies?
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-Kept some (financial plan)
-Reduces requirement for citizen -Pardons some ppl charged with A and S acts -Gets rid of whiskey tax -Works to reduce debt |
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What was the Judiciary Act of 1801?
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-creates new judicial officials
-Chief Justice and 5 associates |
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Who was John Marshall?
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-Chief Justice, Federalist
-Served for 34, over big cases |
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What was the Yazoo Land Fraud?
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-Land scandal
-around Jefferson, ppl came after him -GA had sold millions of acres before making it federal land -created strife in Republican party |
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What was a major factor of the War of 1812?
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Impressment
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What was the Chesapeak-Leopard Affair?
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-Brits claimed that 4 Americans had fled Britain
-Leopard fires on Chesapeak and kill -Starts forbidding British Ships in American Ports |
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What was the Embargo Act?
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-Exporting good from/to Britain and France was forbidden
-Damages US economy more than others -Repealed w/i 2 years |
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What was Jefferson's Legacy?
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-Expansion (US doubled)
-Moved away from aristocracy -Kept country from war |
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What were the Causes of the War of 1812?
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-Napoleonic War
-Impressment (C-L Affair), France and Britain believed they were owed |
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What was the War of 1812 overview?
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-Small
-US vs. British Canada |
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What were the American problems?
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-Not great army
-Federalist didn't want war -End in stalemate |
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What were the battles?
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-Fort McHenry=around DC, Francis Scott Key captured
-Battle of New Orleans=Jackson makes name, lots of British casualties, treaty had been signed 2 weeks prior, American spirit |
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What treaty ended the war?
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The treaty of Ghent=cease fire, stalemate, didn't address impressment
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What was the Missouri Compromise?
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-Clay
-Dispute on new states (Missouri and Maine) which were slave -Congress made Mi slav, Ma not -prohibits anything north of 36'30 line from slavery -Major issue (gag rule) |
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What was the Monroe Doctrine?
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-Colonial powers gain no new territories in Americas
-Leave America alone! |
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What was the result of this Doctrine?
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-Not much...
-Shaped long term US foreign policy |
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What was the New Democracy?
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-Appeal to voting masses not just upper-class
-Gov for the ppl -Universal white man suffrage -Turner Thesis="anyone can do it" |
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What was Jackson's Legacy?
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-More common ppl like him
-2 parties (Rep and Dem) -Spoil system (corrupt) -Economic problems (BUS) -Trail of tears |
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What was the results of the Second Great Awakening?
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-Temperance
-Abolitiionist -Women's rights -Education -Insane ppl in prison reforms |
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What was temperance?
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-Movement to stop alcohol consumption
-Mosty by women |
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What was the principle of Republican Motherhood?
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The idea that the women's job was to raise the perfect citizen, and it was blamed on her if this didn't happen.
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What education reforms happened in the mid-1800s?
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-More tax supported education
-Horace Mann=established teacher training program |
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Where did education still lag in?
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Secondary education (college)
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What Mental health reforms happened in the mid-1800s?
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-Shifted from punishment in prison, to more of a rehab
-Dorthea Dix=efforts to improve conditions for mentally ill, separate facilities and nicer |
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What were the non-religious Utopian communities of the time?
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-Religious or lifestyle choices
-New Harmony, Ind=hippies, in woods, Owen, 1st public school, everyone does everything but failed b/c ppl stopped doing stuff -Brook Farm, Mass.=similar to NH, famous intellectuals -Oneida, NY=Free love, selective mating, gender equality, made $ off plates |
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What were the religious Utopian communities?
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-Shakers, NY=From Quakers, no sex ever, $ from furniture
-Mormons, Utah=Religious group |
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What was Transcendentalism?
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-Romantic influence (Europe)-connecting ppl to emotions
-Philosophy=Nature, truth goes beyond senses |
