History Chapter 28 & 29

Front 1

Nuremburg Trials

Back 1

war crimes trials of high ranking nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in nurembery germany, began in 1945

Front 2

United Nations

Back 2

est june 1945 in SF, founded on idea of peace cooperation, no real power to enforce, later adopts armed forces for peacekeeping tasks

Front 3

founding of Israel

Back 3

euro jews move to palestine (given up by GB), Israel for Jews, Palestine for arabs,

Front 4

Zionism

Back 4

movement for Jewish homeland in palestine

Front 5

Reasons for Arab-Israeli war

Back 5

don't recognize Israel, see Jews as squatters on their land, UN intervenes, Israel gets more land, Gaza strip- Egypt, Jerusalem divded

Front 6

origins of the Cold War

Back 6

struggle for international dominance, mostly politically and economically, democracy vs communism

Front 7

Truman Doctrine

Back 7

policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation by armed forces, in response to threats in Greece and Turkey- successfully achieved stability

Front 8

Marshall Plan

Back 8

W. Europe needs economic aid (economic instability – easy prey for communism), ease economic distress, stabilize democracy there, successful

Front 9

Berlin Airlift

Back 9

Soviets blockade W. Berlin, allies need berlin to solidify all of w germany, soviets isolate berlin, us drops supplies from air, soviets humiliated, w and e germ formed

Front 10

NATO vs Warsaw Pact

Back 10

alliance of defense in case of attack, first US peacetime alliance since constitution, soviets reject- instead form alliance w/ other communist countries in e europe

Front 11

Nuremburg Trials

Back 11

war crimes trials of high ranking nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in nurembery germany, began in 1945

Front 12

United Nations

Back 12

est june 1945 in SF, founded on idea of peace cooperation, no real power to enforce, later adopts armed forces for peacekeeping tasks

Front 13

founding of Israel

Back 13

euro jews move to palestine (given up by GB), Israel for Jews, Palestine for arabs,

Front 14

Zionism

Back 14

movement for Jewish homeland in palestine

Front 15

Reasons for Arab-Israeli war

Back 15

don't recognize Israel, see Jews as squatters on their land, UN intervenes, Israel gets more land, Gaza strip- Egypt, Jerusalem divded

Front 16

origins of the Cold War

Back 16

struggle for international dominance, mostly politically and economically, democracy vs communism

Front 17

Truman Doctrine

Back 17

policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation by armed forces, in response to threats in Greece and Turkey- successfully achieved stability

Front 18

Marshall Plan

Back 18

W. Europe needs economic aid (economic instability – easy prey for communism), ease economic distress, stabilize democracy there, successful

Front 19

Berlin Airlift

Back 19

Soviets blockade W. Berlin, allies need berlin to solidify all of w germany, soviets isolate berlin, us drops supplies from air, soviets humiliated, w and e germ formed

Front 20

NATO vs Warsaw Pact

Back 20

alliance of defense in case of attack, first US peacetime alliance since constitution, soviets reject- instead form alliance w/ other communist countries in e europe

Front 21

Nuremburg Trials

Back 21

war crimes trials of high ranking nazi officials held by an international military tribunal in nurembery germany, began in 1945

Front 22

United Nations

Back 22

est june 1945 in SF, founded on idea of peace cooperation, no real power to enforce, later adopts armed forces for peacekeeping tasks

Front 23

founding of Israel

Back 23

euro jews move to palestine (given up by GB), Israel for Jews, Palestine for arabs,

Front 24

Zionism

Back 24

movement for Jewish homeland in palestine

Front 25

Reasons for Arab-Israeli war

Back 25

don't recognize Israel, see Jews as squatters on their land, UN intervenes, Israel gets more land, Gaza strip- Egypt, Jerusalem divded

Front 26

origins of the Cold War

Back 26

struggle for international dominance, mostly politically and economically, democracy vs communism

Front 27

Truman Doctrine

Back 27

policy to support free peoples resisting subjugation by armed forces, in response to threats in Greece and Turkey- successfully achieved stability

Front 28

Marshall Plan

Back 28

W. Europe needs economic aid (economic instability – easy prey for communism), ease economic distress, stabilize democracy there, successful

Front 29

Berlin Airlift

Back 29

Soviets blockade W. Berlin, allies need berlin to solidify all of w germany, soviets isolate berlin, us drops supplies from air, soviets humiliated, w and e germ formed

Front 30

NATO vs Warsaw Pact

Back 30

alliance of defense in case of attack, first US peacetime alliance since constitution, soviets reject- instead form alliance w/ other communist countries in e europe

Front 31

Communism in china

Back 31

(Chaing Kai Shek)nat'list leader killed communists after Japanese invasion, communists gain hold in N China, chinese civil war, falls to communism (Mao Zedong)

Front 32

Mao Zedong and Communism

Back 32

communist leader after chinese civil war, US won't recognize ppl's republic of china, soviets do, UN seat stays with nat'lists now exiled in taiwan

Front 33

Chiang KAi Shek and Nationalist Party (KMT)

Back 33

killed communists on "long march"- broke truce after japanese invasion of china, lost respect of ppl- too concerned with fighting commies instead of japanese

Front 34

Korea post WWII- US vs USSR occupation

Back 34

democracy (Syngman Rhee=weak) vs communism (Kim Il Sung)

Front 35

38th Parallel

Back 35

line at which korea was split post WWII

Front 36

What led to the Korean War

Back 36

June 1950, Soviets in N attacked US in S, UN called for ceasefire, Russia boycotting- didnt veto

Front 37

progression of the korean war

Back 37

initially US/S korea overwhelmed, then MacArthur launched offensive, regained Seoul, pushed N past 38th parallel into N Korea, China warned US to stay back, China comes, pushes US back to 38th

Front 38

Douglas MacArthur's role in Korean war

Back 38

launched major US offensive to regain Seoul, push commies almost to chinese border, fired for publicly criticizing Truman for not declaring all out war

Front 39

Election of 1952

Back 39

Eisenhower wins- tough on communism, WWII hero, promised to end korean war

Front 40

Central Intelligence Agency

Back 40

gather strategic information, pursue cold war goals, organized military coup against Iranian govt after they nat'lized oil fields, counteracted plan of guatemalas communist Arbenz

Front 41

Suez Crisis

Back 41

US withdrew offer to finance large dam in Egypt, Egypt nationalized the dam- hurt western oil trade, western nations launch attack, Soviets support Egyptians

Front 42

Nikita Khruschev

Back 42

publicly criticized Stalin, ppl hoped he'd be different, satellite countries revolted, Khruschev's gov't crushed them, killed many,

Front 43

U-2 spy plane incident

Back 43

american plane shot down over USSR, Francis Gary Powers interrogated, Eisenhower wouldn't apologize, Kruschev wouldnt meet with DDE again

Front 44

Second Red Scare

Back 44

second big wave of anti communist sentiment in us

Front 45

Senator Joseph McCarthy

Back 45

helped fuel suspicions, claimed to have list of known commies, lack of actual evidence

Front 46

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg

Back 46

two americans executed for providing USSR with atomic energy secrets

Front 47

Cold War/arms race- effect on society

Back 47

created much anxiety- esp of nuclear attack, govt educated ppl about what to do in case of nuclear attack, people turned to religion

Front 48

Sputnik

Back 48

first artificial satellite in orbit, contributed to US-USSR race for greater space program

Front 49

NASA

Back 49

Eisenhower's way of encouraging US space technology- millions of dollars apportioned

Front 50

National Defense Education Act

Back 50

appropriate millions of dollars to improve education in science, math, foreign lang

Front 51

Problems from demobilization post WWII

Back 51

discrimination back (esp in employment- FEPC abolished), have to assimilate all vets back into workforce

Front 52

Truman's response to labor unrest

Back 52

opposed strikes (though gen. in favor of them) b/c they disrupted already unstable economy

Front 53

Taft Hartley Act

Back 53

anti-labor, 1) forbade strikes by fed employees 2) restricted union contributions to political parties 3) union leaders had to swear not commies 4) cooling off period for strikes- dangerous for nation's safety

Front 54

1948 presidential election

Back 54

democratic vote split 3 ways (ppl didn't agree with Truman's pro-integration platform), but he still won

Front 55

Truman's Fair Deal

Back 55

continuation of FDR's New Deal- social programs, supported full employment, raised min wage, nat'l health insurance, affordable housing, farm aid, increased welfare benefits, urban renewal

mostly not a success- too socialistic

Front 56

1948

Back 56

end of segregation in military

Front 57

changes in workplace/society in 50's

Back 57

economy boosted, companies merged to form larger ones, automation of factories, suburban migration- family life (baby boom)

Front 58

rebellion among teenagers

Back 58

MAD magazine, rock n roll, juvenile delinquency, movies/music/media

Front 59

Little Rock Nince

Back 59

crisis at central high, white ppl tried to get them to leave, resisted, endured the racist comments

Front 60

Rosa Parks and Montgomery Bus Boycott

Back 60

refused to give up her seat, ppl boycotted buses- hurt whites economically, supreme ct ruled segregation on buses illegal, not enforced

Front 61

Civil Rights Act of 1957

Back 61

first since reconstruction, gave justice dept right to bring suits on behalf of aa's denied right to vote- not enforced

Front 62

Hispanic experience post WWII

Back 62

LULAC- fought for hispanic rights, ending segregation

Front 63

Asian immigration post WWII

Back 63

fear of immigration eased after WWII, repealed chinese exclusion act, still didnt fit image of "ideal American"

Front 64

urban renewal

Back 64

fix up old run down city buildings, low income public housing units, most became run down again quickly

Front 65

Relocation Act of 1956

Back 65

set up procedures to encourage Indians to move to urban areas