History Chapter 18 Test

Front 1

Vessels built in the US that usually carried troops or war supplies

Back 1

Liberty Ships

Front 2

Technique by which planes scattered large numbers of bombs over a wide area

Back 2

Carpet Bombing

Front 3

Major naval battle between the United States & Japan

Back 3

Battle of Midway or Battle of Leyte Gulf

Front 4

Home projects that raised vegetables during World War II

Back 4

Victory Gardens

Front 5

Japanese Suicide Planes

Back 5

Kamikazes

Front 6

American strategy of selectively attacking specific targets in the Pacific

Back 6

Island-Hopping

Front 7

Nickname of atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima

Back 7

Little Boy

Front 8

Japanese soldiers’ strategy to kill as many as possible before being killed

Back 8

Banzai Charges

Front 9

Nickname of atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki

Back 9

Fat Man

Front 10

May 8th, 1945

Back 10

VE-Day

Front 11

American General that was first in charge of troops in North Africa and later all of Europe

Back 11

Dwight Eisenhower

Front 12

Poison gas used to kill Jews in the showers at Auschwitz

Back 12

Zyklon B

Front 13

Night of Broken Glass” where Nazis destroyed 100s of Jewish businesses, homes, and synagogues

Back 13

Crystal Night

Front 14

American General in charge of troops in the Pacific 1

Back 14

Douglas Macarthur

Front 15

Name of the airplane used to drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

Back 15

Enola Gay

Front 16

Japanese Americans born in the U.S. of parents who had emigrated from Japan

Back 16

Nisei

Front 17

Super-agency established To centralize agencies dealing with war production

Back 17

Office of war mobilization

Front 18

Hatred/Discrimination of Jews [MULTIPLE CHOICE]

Back 18

anti-semitism

Front 19

Men ages 21-36 were required to sign up for the military draft after the passage of

Back 19

The Selective Training and Service Act

Front 20

GI stood for “Government Issue” and generally referred to

Back 20

More than 16 million Americans served as soldiers, sailors, and aviators in the war. They called themselves GIs, an abbreviation of “Government Issue”.

Front 21

Ration books were used by people in America to

Back 21

To purchase of war-time merchandise that was rationed or restricted

Front 22

The Tuskegee Airmen were the first

Back 22

All African-American fighter pilot unit

Front 23

Which of the following best describes “code-talkers”

Back 23

A group of Navajos developed a secret code, based on their language, that the enemy could not break. The marines recruited more than 400 Navajos to serve as radio operators. These “code talkers”, as they became known, provided an important secure communications link in several key battles of the war.

Front 24

Prior to the US’s involvement in the war, FDR and Winston Churchill made an agreement about the aims & goals of the war known as

Back 24

Atlantic Charter

Front 25

German U-boats that grouped together to attack convoys were known as

Back 25

Unterseeboots, who fought in wolf packs.

Front 26

The turning point of the fighting on the Eastern front of Europe was the Soviet Union’s victory at

Back 26

Battle of Stalingrad

Front 27

June 6th, 1944 is better known as

Back 27

D-Day

Front 28

In order to better identify Jews in Eastern Europe; Nazis forced them to wear what on their clothing?

Back 28

stars marked “Jew

Front 29

Genocide is

Back 29

The deliberate destruction of an entire ethnic or cultural group

Front 30

Upon arrival at Auschwitz, two lines of Jews formed. One line was for people selected to be worked to death at the camp. The other was for

Back 30

The elderly, women with children, and those who looked to weak to work were herded into gas chambers and killed.

Front 31

Nazi concentration camp leaders and war criminals were brought to justice at the

Back 31

Nuremberg Trials

Front 32

With the words, “I shall return”, General Douglas MacArthur promised to come back to

Back 32

Philippines

Front 33

The Doolittle Raids over Tokyo were significant to America because

Back 33

The Doolittle raid was important because although it caused little physical damage, it shocked Japan's leadership and boosted Allied morale at a crucial time.

Front 34

An important strategy used by American forces in the Pacific was

Front 35

Midway Atoll was incredibly important strategically because

Back 35

If you could control Midway then you could attack the Hawaiian islands

Front 36

Japanese soldiers had an advantage at the Battle of Guadalcanal because

Back 36

They controlled the waters around the island

Front 37

Which phrase BEST describes the American campaign on Okinawa?

Back 37

Very difficult with high casualties

Front 38

The head of the Manhattan Project was named

Back 38

Robert Oppenheimer - supervised the building of the bomb

Front 39

After the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Back 39

Japan surrendered

Front 40

What led the government to evacuate Japanese-Americans from the West Coast?

Back 40

Hostility grew into hatred and hysteria after Japan attacked Pearl Harbor and rumors flew about sabotage on the West Coast. The press increased people’s fears with inaccurate reports carrying headlines such as “Jap Boat Flashes Message Ashore” and “Japanese Here Sent Viral Data to Tokyo”. Such reports left Americans feeling that Japanese spies were everywhere As a result of prejudices and fears, the government decided to remove all “aliens” from the West Coast

Front 41

On June 25th, 1941, FDR signed Executive Order 8802, which said that

Back 41

On June 25, 1941 the President signed Executive order 8802, opening jobs and job training programs in defense plants to all Americans “without discrimination because of race, creed, color, or national origin.”

Front 42

During World War II, African-American soldiers

Back 42

Known as GI’s - Government Issue

Front 43

The Bracero program allowed for Mexicans to

Back 43

In 1942, an agreement between the two nations provided for transportation, food, shelter, and medical care for thousands of braceros.

Front 44

In 1988, Congress passed a law awarding each surviving Japanese-American internee

Back 44

tax-free payment of 20,000 dollars.

Front 45

Zoot Suit Riots occurred when

Back 45

In the 1940s some young Mexican Americans in Los Angeles began to wear an outfit known as the “zoot-suit” -featuring a long draped jacket, baggy pants with tight cuffs, and often worse slicked back “ducktail” haircut. This look offended many people, especially sailors who came to LA on leave from nearby military bases. Groups of sailors roamed the street looking for these zoot-suiters whom they would bat up and be humiliated for looking “un-American”