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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Abbasid Empire
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-overthrew Ummayads
-moved capital to Baghdad -developed bureaucracy: treasury kept track of money flow, special department managed army business, diplomats were sent to Europe, Africa, and Asia to conduct imperial business -taxes supported bureaucracy -increased authority by consulting religious leaders -Fatmid people (Shi'a) rose |
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Muslim Social Structure
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-4 levels: Muslims at birth, converts, "protected people", and slaves
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Calligraphy
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-the art of beautiful handwriting
-reason = no drawing people |
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Muslim advancements in math and science
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-Math: Al-Khwarizmi studied Indian sources, created al-jabr
-Science: Al-Haytham charted stars/planets and made book "optics" (ideas about vision) |
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Muslim advancements in art, literature, and architecture
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-Literature: qur'an = standard, all about nature, life, peace and love, "1,000 and 1 nights"
-Art: calligraphy / pottery -Architecture: symmetric, beautiful, resembled culture |
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Blend of Culture
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-blended philosophies was struggle but led to "The guide for the perplexed" and the "ideal man"
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Sunni / Shi'a / Sufi
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-Sunni: believe in caliphs, follow Sunna, 83%
-Shi'a: believe Ali should have led, 16% -Sufi: poverty but very spirtual |
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Muhammad
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-born to power, orphaned at 6 (raised by grandpa and uncle)
-began work for wealthy woman, married -at 40, called to by Gabriel, became prophet |
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Umayyads
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-moved capital to Damascus
-tried to surround themselves with wealth by giving up Muslim traditions -new capital made many angry -combined to lead to split of Muslims, ended in their downfall |
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Hajj
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-pilgrimage to Mecca
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Islam
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-faith created by Muhammad
-"submission to will of Allah" |
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Bedouins
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-Arab nomads
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Qur'an
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-Muslim holy book
-Muhammad's revelations |
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Mosque
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-Islamic house of worship
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Shari'a
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-Islamic body of law
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Mecca
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-all prayers must be directed in this direction
-place where hajj is made |
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Medina
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-Yathrib re-named
-Muhammad brought together Arabs, Jews, and Muslims |
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Allah
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-one god of Islamic faith
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Hijrah
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-trip back from Mecca to Yathrib
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Five Pillars
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-Muslims must carry out these 5 things: 1) Believe in one god, have good faith, 2) pray 5 times a day, 3) give alms (money to poor),
4) fast during Ramadan, 5) make the hajj |
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Sunna
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-Muhammad's example / way of life
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"Protected people"
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-converted Christians and Jews, "people of the book"
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House of Wisdom
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-library / academy where scholars work
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