History

Front 1

Mercantilism

Back 1

Economic policy in which country controls the imports and exports of its colonies.

Front 2

Favorable Balance of Trade

Back 2

Situation in which a country exports more than it imports, or sells more than it buys.

Front 3

Navigation Acts

Back 3

British laws between 1651 and 1733 that were key aspects of mercantilism and that restricted the production of goods by American colonies and forbade trade with countries other than England.

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Enumerated Articles

Back 4

Goods produced in the American colonies that could be sold only to the British Empire.

Front 5

Proclamation of 1763

Back 5

British law closing to Colonial settlers the area west of the Appalachians.

Front 6

Fort Pitt

Back 6

French Fort Duquesne captured and renamed by the British during the French and Indian War.

Front 7

The Sugar Act

Back 7

A law passed in 1764 which taxed the colonists imports of sugar, wine and coffee.

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The Privy Council

Back 8

Advisors to the King of England who set policies on governing the American colonies.

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The Parliament

Back 9

Law making body of England

Front 10

Governor

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Chief Executive of an English colony or American state.

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Assembly

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Lawmaking body elected by the people.

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Legislature

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Elected body given the responsibility of making laws.

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Town Meeting

Back 13

Gathering of townspeople to act upon town business; early form of government, especially in New England.

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County Court

Back 14

Local government in Southern colonies.

Front 15

Glorious Revolution

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English uprising in 1688 in which the Catholic King James II was replaced by the protestant monarchs William and Mary.

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Duties

Back 16

A tariff or tax placed on foreign goods brought into the country.

Front 17

Taxation without Representation

Back 17

Argument by colonists that they were taxed by the British without being represented in Parliament.

Front 18

Sons of Liberty

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Patriot groups that fought against British authority in the American colonies.

Front 19

Boycott

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Refusal to buy certain goods or services as a protest.

Front 20

Declaratory Act

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Law passed in 1766 by the British Parliament that declared the American colonies subject to British law.

Front 21

Indirect Tax

Back 21

Tax on imports that was collected from shippers and paid by consumers in the form of higher prices.

Front 22

Tariff

Back 22

Tax on imports; in some countries also placed on exports.

Front 23

Townshend Acts

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British laws of 1767 that imposed taxes on Colonial imports to pay British debts.

Front 24

Circular Letter

Back 24

A plea issued by the Massachusetts legislature to other colonial assemblies that all colonists act together to resist taxation without representation.

Front 25

Boston Massacre

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Incident between British soldiers and Americans in 1770 Boston in which several Americans were killed.

Front 26

French and Indian War

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War fought between Great Britain and its two enemies, the French and the Indians of North America. Most of the battles were in Canada. American colonists, including George Washington, fought with the British in this war, which lasted from 1754 to 1763. The British won the war and won the right to keep Canada and several other possessions in the New World.