History 171- Iii. The Chinese Revolution

Front 1

what three factors made it difficult for China to find a stable new political order after the Qing Dynasty was overthrown in the Revolution of 1911?

Back 1

1.) Warlords -- "WARLORD PERIOD" (1916-1927)
2.) JAPANESE INTERVENTION IN and AGRESSION AGAINST CHINA - first Japan supports several warlords to keep strong government from emerging, then in the 1930s Japan directly invades Manchuria (1931) and rest of China (1937)
3.) Nationalist-Communist Civil War (1927-1949) - on and off for two decades

Front 2

what are two factors that help explain the success of Mao Zedong’s Communist Party in the struggle for power that took place in China over the 1930s-1940s?

Back 2

Foreign Imperialism and Peasant Exploitation

Front 3

As noted in class, what was Mao Zedong's main deviation from orthodox Marxism?

Back 3

His faith in the peasantry as a revolutionary force

Front 4

The Long March

Back 4

Oct. 15, 1934-Oct.1935
- Mao and followers break out from Chiang's "encirclement" - 100,000 start out - 6,000 mile trek -- 8,000 left at end
- Mao emerges as undisputed leader of CPP during "Long March"

Front 5

May 4th Movement

Back 5

May 4, 1919
- Students stage mass demonstrations protesting the Treaty of Versailles and handing of Shantung Peninsula to Japan -- many disillusioned intellectuals turn to Marxism -- Chinese Communist Party (CCP) founded in 1921

Front 6

Guomindang

Back 6

National People's Party - Nationalist Party founded by Song Jiaoren

Front 7

Chiang Kai-shek

Back 7

- In 1924 he assumes leadership of Guomindang in 1926
- "Northern Expedition" - 1926-1928 - defeats/wins over many warlords - creates nationalist "Nationalist China (1927-1949) - turns on Chinese Communist allies in 1927 (annihilates most of CCP - remnants limited to a few "peasant Soviets" (Mao heads Jiangxi Soviet)

Front 8

“Northern Expedition”

Back 8

1925 - An expedition against northern war lords led by Chiang (the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army)