History 1301 Unit 4 - Chapter 14

Front 1

Charles Summer

Back 1

In 1856, which antislavery senator was almost beaten to death on the floor of the U.S Senate by Representative Preston Brooks?

Front 2

Uncle Tom's Cabin

Back 2

Harriet Beecher Stowe published her abolitionist novel ... in 1852, and it was enormously successful.

Front 3

He favored restricting slavery to the states where the Constitution protected it.

Back 3

How did Abraham Lincoln argue about slavery in his debates with Stephen Douglas during the 1858 Senate race?

Front 4

They disliked slavery, but detested abolitionism.

Back 4

What was true of most Northerners during the 1840s?

Front 5

President Taylor opposed the compromise, and congressmen kept granting key concessions to rival parties.

Back 5

What made the Compromise of 1850 so difficult to pass?

Front 6

Democrats endorsed expansion and division of free and slave territories, while Whigs opposed annexation to avoid the slavery debate.

Back 6

What were the different stands Democrats and Whigs took on annexation and slavery in new territories?

Front 7

It permitted slavery in an area where it had previously been prohibited.

Back 7

What made Northerners so opposed to the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854?

Front 8

It wanted to prohibit slavery in the territories.

Back 8

How did the Republican Party manage to gain so much support in the 1850s?

Front 9

It was increasingly seen in cultural and intellectual terms.

Back 9

What was true about the sectional quarrel between North and South during the 1840s and 1850s?

Front 10

Republicans were able to win decisively in the North.

Back 10

What ultimately led to the Republican success in the election of 1860?

Front 11

In territory acquired from Mexico.

Back 11

In what area did the Wilmot Proviso propose to ban slavery?

Front 12

Northern evangelicalism focused on self-discipline and social reform; Southern evangelicalism focused on personal piety.

Back 12

What was the difference between Northern and Southern evangelicalism in the mid-1800s?

Front 13

Settlers

Back 13

For the Northern Democrats, who would determine whether a territory would have slavery, per the principle of squatter sovereignty, or popular sovereignty as it was later called?

Front 14

Henry Clay

Back 14

Who was the "great pacificator" who established the Compromise of 1850?

Front 15

Enactment of the new Fugitive Slave Law

Back 15

Which part of the Compromise of 1850 was considered an outrageous piece of legislation?

Front 16

Popular Sovereignty

Back 16

In 1854, Stephen Douglas proposed a bill that would set up territorial governments in Kansas and Nebraska on the basis of what?

Front 17

Wanting to create a "Caribbean slave empire" by annexing Cuba

Back 17

What did Ostend Manifesto of 1854 accuse the Pierce administration of doing?

Front 18

Because they were mostly Roman Catholic

Back 18

What was the main reason that many native-born Americans dislike Irish and German immigrants?

Front 19

John Brown and his followers killed five proslavery settlers in cold blood.

Back 19

What action took place after proslavery adherents raided Lawrence, the free-state capital of Kansas, in 1856?

Front 20

Northerners and Southerners

Back 20

The tension between ... became virtually "irreconcilable" in the years between the elections of 1856 and 1860.

Front 21

Charles Sumner

Back 21

A fervent abolitionist and longtime senator from Massachusetts, he is remembered for being brutally caned on the floor of the Senate in 1856 and for leading the Radical Republicans during Reconstruction.

Front 22

Millard Fillmore

Back 22

He became the 13th president upon the death of Zachary Taylor and signed into law the Compromise of 1850, but failed to garner the Whig nomination in 1852.

Front 23

Stephen A. Douglas

Back 23

A senator from Illinois, he helped assure passage of the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, but is most noted for a series of debates on slavery with Abraham Lincoln during his successful re-election campaign of 1858.

Front 24

Franklin Pierce

Back 24

A New England Democrat, he became the 14th president in 1853 and his shaky tenure was dominated by furor surrounding the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which he supported and which cost him the nomination for re-election.

Front 25

James Buchanan

Back 25

A Pennsylvania Democrat, as the 15th president he proved incapable of steering the country through difficulties that included an economic panic, a growing sectional crisis and, during the final four months of his tenure, the secession of seven Southern states.

Front 26

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Back 26

A member of a prominent family of religious leaders, this author's 1852 novel of slave life, "Uncle Tom's Cabin," sold more than 300,000 copies within a year and swayed public opinion in the North to a more abolitionist position.

Front 27

Dred Scott

Back 27

A Missouri slave, he sued on the grounds that a move into the Wisconsin Territory should have freed him. The 1857 Supreme Court ruling that bears his name found 1) that no African American could sue because they were not citizens, and 2) the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional.

Front 28

Abraham Lincoln

Back 28

The 16th president and the first Republican to hold that office, his election prompted secession in the South and he led the nation through its Civil War in order to restore the Union, eliminating slavery in the process.

Front 29

John Brown

Back 29

A radical abolitionist, he and his followers murdered five pro-slavery settlers in Kansas in 1856 and, three years later, staged a futile raid on the armory at Harper's Ferry, VA., for the purpose of igniting a guerrilla war. He was then hanged, ensuring his status as a martyr to abolitionism.

Front 30

Hinton Rowan Helper

Back 30

Author of the 1857 book, "The Impending Crisis of the South," which urged non-slaveholders in the South to resist planter domination and abolish slavery.

Front 31

John Breckenridge

Back 31

Pro-slavery presidential candidate from Kentucky who was nominated by the Southern faction of the Democratic party in 1860.

Front 32

Wilmot Proviso

Back 32

In 1846, shortly after the outbreak of the Mexican-American War, Congressman David Wilmot of Pennsylvania introduced this amendment banning slavery in any lands won from Mexico.

Front 33

Popular Sovereignty

Back 33

The concept that the settlers of a newly organized territory had the right to decide (through voting) whether to accept slavery.

Front 34

Compromise of 1850

Back 34

Five federal laws that temporarily calmed the sectional crisis. The compromise made California a free state, ended the slave trade in the District of Columbia, and strengthened the Fugitive Slave Law.

Front 35

Fugitive Slave Law

Back 35

Passed in 1850, this federal law made it easier for slave owners to recapture runaway slaves; it also made it easier for kidnappers to take free blacks. The law became an object of hatred in the North.

Front 36

Kansas-Nebraska Act

Back 36

This 1854 act repealed the Missouri Compromise, split the Louisiana Purchase into two territories, and allowed its settlers to accept or reject slavery by popular sovereignty.

Front 37

Ostend Manifesto

Back 37

Written by American diplomats in 1854, this secret memorandum urged acquiring Cuba by any means necessary. When it became public, northerners claimed it was a plot to extend slavery, and the manifesto was disavowed.

Front 38

A slave sued on the grounds that he had lived in a free state and so he should be a free man.

Back 38

What issue brought the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford to the Supreme Court?

Front 39

It became easier to kidnap and enslave free African Americans

Back 39

What was one of the effects of the new Fugitive Slave Law that was passed as part of the Compromise of 1850?

Front 40

That genteel Southern civilization was superior to greedy Northern culture.

Back 40

Which was the intended message of Southern literature during the 1840s and 1850s?